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1、Unit 1Part ASummery workcreativityGood learner are creative andexperiment with languagerisk-takingGood learners are willing to take risks.They are able to learn under conditions ofsome uncertainty.recallGood learners use techniques likerhymes and word associations to recall whathas been learned.erro
2、rsGood learners are not discouraged bymaking errors but rather make errors work asa constructive part of the learning process.getting exposure to the foreignlanguageGood learners find ways of gettingincreased exposure to the foreign languageoutside of the classroom.This may take theform of talking t
3、o native speakers,watchingTV programs and videos and readingextensively.using rules and knowledge of the firstlanguageGood learners develop a thoroughunderstanding of the rules of the foreignlanguage and how to apply these rules.Theyalso use knowledge of their first language tohelp them master the f
4、oreign language.Part BInterpretation1.b)Teachers2.Opposed Learning strategies(just before paragraph 13)Contrasting Learning styles(just before paragraph 8)Effective Language Learning Behaviors(just before paragraph 2)3.Paragraph 7 and 13Developing your skillsPart A38131Part B632MMo4Part CPart Davoid
5、ant dependent participant competitive collaborative independentExtending your vocabularyPart AcefbadPart BhgjabidecfUnit 2Words to note45132Understanding the text1.c)d)2.d)3.a)4.d)5.receiving full details of imported production processes,which they use to8 p y and sell the products of these processe
6、s.6.buy the expensive software sold by western companies and becausesoftware countries apply international copyright laws with unfair harshness in Asia.Developing your skillsPart AText 1Londax RondexThe breakfast cereal,Kellogg*sCornflakes,was copied as KongalComstripsLocal laws should be changed to
7、protect companies1 intellectual propertyrights and if this fails companies shouldemploy more inspectors to check forcopyright abuse.Text 2The concept of intellectual property is aWestern one and can harm the progress ofother countries.For this reason,copyrightinfringement should not be consideredill
8、egal.Copyright laws are not applied fairiy;some countries(notably those in the MiddleEast)are allowed to abuse copyright moreeasily than other countries.Part BThe concept ofintellectual property shouldbe held in doubt.It is resentand ignores ancientcontributions to knowledgewhich are not changed for
9、.Companies sufferfinancial losses and as aresult are less likely toinvest in building productionplants in the offendingcountry.The existence ofpiracy also makescompanies less willing toput money into newresearch and developmentprojects.Copyright claimsshould be waived,or atleast levied at a discount
10、edrate for developingcountries.Extending your vocabularyPart AblatantfakeadvancedmassiveessentialPart BghcbafUnit 3Words to note45312Understanding the textPart AFTFTTPart B1.b)2.d)3.a)4,b)Developing your skillPart Ac b d e aPart BInsert the paragraph between the present paragraphs 1 and 2Part CParag
11、raph 3and paragraph 4 need to be reserved.Extending your vocabularyPart Adownload programme interface email ICQ virus games ExcelPart Ba)of b)dance c)spherical d)walk e)holdExpending your creativityWebTraditional MediaIt is possible to put any kind of materialup on Web and reach a very largeaudience
12、.Publishing companies select authorsvery carefully;books are received byexperts,and editors and designers makefurther improvement.There are no checks on material to beput up on Web and one result of this is thevery large amount of pornographyavailable.The content of TV,video and radioprogrammes is c
13、ontrolled by law to protectaudience from bias,sex,violence and badlanguage.Unit 4Words to note5 8 1 6 10 4279 11 3Understanding the textPart A1.d)2.c)Part B1.c)2.d)3,c)4.d)5.a)Developing your skillsPart A311212Part BA2.but people who take dietary supplements(especially those which destroy freeradica
14、l molecules)may feel more energetic.A3,extending the human life span might well lend to serious effects.A4.fighting cancer,because proteins which destroy cancel cells also cause aging.A5.healthy food,low stress and an outdoor life style are best for long lifePart C1.Your feelings about yourself are
15、very important;ninety-year-old people canfeel and act like fifty year olds if they have the right attitude to life.Somebody might say this to cheer another person up to encourage theperson to feel better about himself or herself.The speaker probably has an optimistic(and young)feeling about life.2.F
16、orty isnt“old”，ifs simply a“birth”into a new stage of life.It might be said to some one approaching his or her forties birthday.He or she doesnt fear to be forty,doesnt think forty is old,and thinks of“middle age as being the beginning of an interesting stage of life when he or she cando new things.
17、3.Years arent important;preserving youthful idealism is more important In a debate about the problem of aging,for example.Youthful ideals should be kept throughout the whole life;if you keep theseideals,you can stay long in your attitude.4.Young people anticipate the future with the pleasure;older p
18、eoplereminisce about their youth.Perhaps in a situation when someone is reflecting seriously about life.Its a philosophical,analytical comment about attitudes.5.Age is not important;your attitude towards your age and life in general iscrucial.In a situation to encourage somebody to be more optimisti
19、c towards life.The speaker is almost certainly optimistic;the suggestion is that there aremany ways to be old and some of them are good.6.Be virtuous when you are young if you want respect later in life.Perhaps in a context where an older person wants to give friendly advice toa youngster when a you
20、nger person is wondering about the course of action.The speaker sees a direct link between actions in youth and theconsequences in later life.7.Youngsters only have opinions;their elders know the truth throughexperience.Perhaps in a social setting where people from different generations areteasing e
21、ach otherThe speaker almost certainly belongs to the older generation and isconfident of his or her own superior knowledge.8.The only alternative is to die because you can not become youngagain.As a joke or a humorous comment,perhaps after someone has saidsomething negative about being old.He or she
22、 certainly views aging in a positive light9.An old person who is loved has an extra bonus because love brightenstheir life;old age is like the winter of a person*s life,but winter also has its beautiful orbright aspects,like flowers.Perhaps it would be said to an older person,to remind him or her of
23、 lifesblessing.Its a comment reflecting both joy and sadness;it recognizes that some oldpeople enjoy the love of family,friends,neighbors,etc.But some are alone andlonely10.Young people see forty as“old”，but older people see fifty as“young”.This is perhaps more likely to be written rather than spoke
24、n-perhaps inan essay.The author seems to have some optimism about being fifty.It is a reference to different perspectives,different attitudes of various agesto age.11.People may think that being old is a misery,but having the years ofexperience old people help you to live your life in a better way.A
25、n alternativeinterpretation is that it is not simply the old age which makes old people feelmiserable.It is the accumulation of their experiences which make them miserable.The second interpretation of a rather wry joke.Perhaps either as a joke or as a serious(but pessimistic)comment of life,almost c
26、ertainly made by an older person.It could reflect a humorous,philosophical,non-serious view;or theopposite,a mournful cry.12.Experience(living long)teaches us how to live well.Again,perhaps it is more likely to be written than spoken.Experience over many years is seen as blessings and benefits.13.En
27、joy your youth and make the most of the opportunities which come yourway;then,when you are older,you dont have any regrets that you wasted it.An older person perhaps a parent-to a younger people;the commentshows wry humor by suggesting that the main preoccupation older people in that theylament thei
28、r lost youth.He/She sees youth as priceless and not to be wasted.14.The general,meaning is that people change as they grow older.thespecific meaning of each stage depends on how people understand the metaphors ofthe animals(and this varies in different cultures).A likely Spanish interpretation is:at
29、twenty people are concerned with their appearance,at thirty they are brave,at fortythey carry heavy burdens,at fifty they twist and turn and cant be trusted,at sixtythey are loyal,at seventy they are wise,at eighty they are nothing.As it*s rather long,it is more likely to be part of a written paper.
30、Now it couldbe said by anybody au any stage but probably originally it was written by an olderperson.Perhaps it reflects a cynical attitude to the way people develop.perhapsstudents might here be asked to explain what each of the different creatures at thevarious stages of life represents in Chinese
31、 or other culture.15.The tide“ebbs”(i.e.its strength and power is lessened)and human beingsget older and become less strong.The tide returns as strong as ever and otherpeople are young and their tide is rising.Spoken or read in a poem.Perhaps said by someone who,though he/she feels sad,can rationali
32、zeand see that there is no reason to be sad.Expanding your vocabulary1breakthroughnoun2dramaticallyadverb3dietary supplementsnoun4extendedverb5passivelyadverb6contractingnoun(gerund)7eternaladjective8boostingnoun(gerund)9normallyadverb10controversialadjectiveFurther information The child is the fath
33、er of the manChildren grow up to become adults and what happens in childhood is vitally importantbecause adults develop on the basis of their childhood.Just as a child inherits geneticsfrom their parents,the stage of eariy childhood for an individual is the social inheritanceof each adult this is th
34、e basis for the development of the rest of their life(when thechild becomes“the man*).Parents have children who grow up;however,children alsogrow up to become parents,who have children in their turn who also become parents.Bad is never good until worse happens.When something bad happens it is diffic
35、ult to see anything good about it.But whensomething even worse happens,what we thought was bad before doesnt look so badafter all.Of course,what is Worse”may also seem not so bad when something worse stillhappens!Our perceptions of what are bad or good events are relative to their events.Everything
36、changes except change itself.Change is in everything.Only the law that everything changes does not change.Onthe other hand,if everything changes this should include change itself(the nature ofparticular changes should change or even the very nature of change itself.)If changechanges then this must i
37、nclude no change which would be a change from changing.Ifchange does not change,then there is something to which the law of change does notapply-which means that not everything changes.All rules have exceptions,including this one.A rule is general statement.It may include everything in its scope or
38、it may have itsexceptions.The problem here is that if the rule is that“all rules have exceptionsM,thenthere are exceptions to the rule that“all rules have exceptionsdoes this mean that therule isnt a rule or that the exception isnt an exception or that the exception to the rule that“all rules have e
39、xceptions means that there are no exceptions.including the exceptionsto the rule that“all rules have exceptions”？A sadist is a person who is kind to a masochist.A sadist is someone who gets pleasure from hurting or being cruel to someone else.A masochist is someone who gets pleasure from being hurt.
40、We expect the sadist to benasty to others,including being nasty to the masochist.But the sadist knows that themasochist wants to be hurt,so being kind to the masochist(who expects to be hurt by thesadist)is a way for the sadist to get pleasure.The problem now is that the sadist is gettingpleasure by
41、 not hurting someone(which means that the sadist isnt being a sadist.)Asecond problem is that the masochist may be getting pleasure by anticipating being hurt(which he enjoys and looks forward to)and may therefore be getting pleasure from thekindness of the sadist(who as the masochist knows.wants to
42、 hurt themasochist)because he anticipates being hurt by not being hurt yet(which means that themasochist isnt being a masochist).Nothing is enough for the person to whom enough is too little.Some people are greedy.They want more than others.they want more than theamount which would satisfy others(an
43、d be enough for them).So for the greedy person“enough”(for others)is always too little(for the greedy one).So there is never“enough”and“nothing is enough for the greedy person;this means there is no“enough”.But the problem is that it may also mean that if greedy person has“nothing”.Itis“enough”(beca
44、use“nothing is enough),in which case the person is not greedy and is,in fact,satisfied with nothing(since he has“nothing”which is“enough).If the rich could hire other people to die for them,the poor could make awonderful living.Everybody die at some time.Rich people may wish to keep on living becaus
45、e theyhave lots of money to enjoy their life.So if the rich people could pay poor people to die forthem,then the rich people could keep on living for longer and keep on enjoying their life.The poor would make a living(i.e.,earn money to live)by dying instead of the rich.Ofcourse,paying one poor pers
46、on to die instead of the rich person who is dying would notbe enough because death is always waiting(for everybody,rich or poor),so the rich wouldhave to keep on paying more and more poor people to die for them otherwise they canonly postpone death for a short time.So now.many poor people die(paid f
47、or by therich)but the others who are still living get rich(keeping the money which their dead poorrelatives received from the rich).But these new rich people(who were poor before)willdie unless they pay poor people to die for them.If they do so,the poor relatives ofthose poor ones who die for the ne
48、w rich will themselves eventually become rich and willneed to pay other poor people to die for them if they wish to keep on living.Unit5Understanding the text1.d)2.Exercise Diet Self-discipline Sleep3.a 8b2c7d4e9Developing your skillPart Ait(pronoun)this(pronoun)they(pronoun)such pensionable oldies(
49、wordsubjection)Part B2.couple(ws:a man and a woman)3.It(pr:the unclear family)4.contrast(c:the nuclear family)5.he or she(pr:someone)Extending your vocabularyWordDefinitionsDevices2Lazy TV-watchingpeopleDefinition is anapposition to coach potato.3Not causing the heartrate to rise significantlyDefini
50、tion is containedwithin brackets.4Substances taken intoDefinition is containedthe bodywithin a pair of dashes5Which means beingdangerously overweightDefinition is containedwithin a non-definingrelative clauseExpanding your creativitySolving a logical problemName ofdeveloperNationalityDevelopmentDate