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1、初中英语作文常用短语、句型1. asas和样中间必须用形容词或副词原级。例如：This classroom is as big as that one.这间教室和那间一样大。He runs as fast as Tom.他和汤姆跑的一样快。否认结构：not as/soas, 不如。上面的两个句子可分别改为：This classroom is not as/so large as that one.这间教室不如那间大。He doesn t run as/so fast as Tom.他跑得不如汤姆快。2. as soon as 就用来引导时间状语从句。假设主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在 时。
2、例如：I 11 tell him the plan as soon as I see him.我一看到他就告诉他这个方案。He 11 go home as soon as he finishes his work.他一完成工作就回家。3. be busy/enjoy/hate/go on/finish doing sth.忙于/喜欢/讨厌/继续/完 成做某事在enjoy, finish, hate, go on, be busy等词语后，一般用动词-ing形式作 宾语。例如：Lin Tao is busy making a model plane.林涛正忙着做飞机模型。My mother en
3、joys taking a walk after supper.我妈妈喜欢晚饭后散步。我在这本书上花了五元钱。I spent two hours (in) doing my homework yesterday. 昨晚我花了 两个 小时做作业。37. sothat 太以至于用于复合句，that引导的是结果状语从句。so是副词，后面应接形容词 或副词，如果接名词，应用sucho例如：The ice is so thin that you can t walk on it.冰太薄了，你不能在上面走。He is such a kind man that we all like him.他是一个非常好
4、的人，我们都很喜欢他。38. stop to do sth., stop doing sth.stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做另一件事，stop doing sth.意为“停 止正在做的事例如：You re too tired. You d better stop to have a rest.你们太累了，最好停下来休息一会儿。The teacher is coming. Let s stop talking.老师来了，咱们别说话了。39. Thank you for doing sth.感谢你做 了for之后除了加动名词doing外，还可以加名词。例如：Thank you fo
5、r giving me the present.多谢你给我的礼物。Thank you for your help. =Thank you for helping me.多谢你的援助。40. thanks to 多亏，由于thanks后的s不能省略，to是介词。例如：Thanks to my friend Jim, I ve worked out this problem.多亏了我朋友吉姆的援助，我已经解决了这个问题。41. There be 句型在此结构中，there是引导词，在句中不能充当任何成分，也不必翻 译出来。句中的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语的数保持一致。 例如：There
6、 is a man at the door.门口有一个人。当主语是由两个或者两者以上的名词充当时，谓语动词be要跟它邻 近的那个名词的数一致（就近一致）。例如：There are two dogs and a cat under the table.桌下有两只狗和一只猫。比拟： There is a cat and two dogs under the table.There be句型中的be不能用have来替代，但可以用lie（位于， 躺）,stand（直立）,exist（生存）,live（生活）等词来替换。例如：There stand a lot of tall buildings on
7、both sides of the street.街道两旁直立着许多高楼。There lies lake in front of our school.我们学校前面有一个湖。Once there lived a king here.这儿曾经有一个国王。There is going to be a sports meeting next week.下周打算开一个运动会。there be 的拓展结构:there seem（s）/happen（s） to beThere seems to be one mistake in spelling.似乎有一处拼写错误。There happened to b
8、e a ruler here.这儿碰巧有把尺子。There seemed to be a lot of people there.那儿似乎有很多人。42. The + adj,比拟级，the + adj.比拟级 越，越此句型表示一方随另一方的变化而变化。例如:The harder he works, the happier he feels.他工作越努力，就感到越幸福。The more, the better.多多益善。43. too+adj./adv. +to do sth.太以至于不能.此句型为简单句，后面的to表示否认含义。例如：The ice is too thin for you t
9、o walk on.这冰太薄，你不能在上面走。The bag is too heavy to carry.这个袋子太重搬不动。44. used to do sth.过去常常做某事usedto是情态动词，表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，因 此只用于过去时态。例如：He used to get up early.他过去总早起。When I was yong, I used to play tennis very often.我年轻时经常打网球。否认形式有两种：didn t use to;used not to,例如：He didn t use to come. = He usedn t t
10、o come.他过去不常来。45. what about怎么样后面可接名词、代词、动名词等。与“howabout同义。例如：We have been to Hainan. What about you我们去过海南，你呢What about going to the park on Sunday星期天去公园怎么样46. What day/date is it today今天星期几（几月几日）-What day is it todaySunday.一What date is it today一June 24th.47. What，s wrong (the matter) with怎么 了What
11、s wrong with you, Madam夫人，您怎么了You look worried. What s wrong with you你看上去很焦急，出什么事了48. Why not do*为什么不做谓语动词用原形。与Why don t you do同义。例如：Why not go to see the film with us= Why don t you go to see the film with us为什么不和我们一起去看电影呢49. would like to do sth.想做后用动词不定式作宾语。例如：I would like to drink a cup of tea.我
12、想喝一杯茶。疑问句式:Would you like (to drink) a cup of tea你想喝杯茶吗50. adj./adv.比拟级+ and adj./adv.比拟级 越来越假设形容词/副词为双音节词及多音节词，则这一结构变为more and more +形容词/副词o例如:It, s getting wanner and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和了。The little girl becomes more and more beautiful.小女孩变得越来越美丽了。51. adj.比拟级+thanthan引导的是典型的比拟级句型，表示“一者比另一者，其前用 形容词或副词
13、的比拟级，than从句可以用省略形式。例如：I know you better than she does.我比她更了解你。This house is bigger than that one.这所房子比那所房子大。52. though从句though引导的是让步状语从句，意思是“虽然但是。但不 能和bul连用，英语中表达”虽然，但是时，though和but只能用一个。例如：Though it was snowing, it was not very cold.虽然下着雪，可并不太冷。I was late for the last bus though I hurried.虽然我拼命赶路，还是
14、没搭上最后一班公交车。We didn t feel tired though we walked a long way.虽然我们走了很长的路程，但是并没有感到累。53. if从句If引导的是条件状语从句，”如果;假设如主句用一般将来时，if 从句要用一般现在时（主将从现）。例如：If I go to the Great Wall tomorrow, would you like to come along如果明天我去长城，你会和我一起去吗If it rains tomorrow, I won t go.如果明天下雨，我就不去了。54. because从句引导原因状语从句，“因为。例如：He d
15、idn t hear the knocking at the door because he was listening to the radio.他没有听见敲门声，因为他正在听收音机。55. so + do/be + 主语“So + be/助动词/情态动词+主语表示前面所述内容也适用于另一人或物。be、助动词或情态动词的选择视前面陈述句中谓语动词的时态 形式而定。例如：He likes football and so do I.他喜欢足球，我也如此。Jim was playing football just now and so was Tom.刚刚吉姆在踢足球，汤姆也在踢足球。比拟：“So
16、 +主语+be/助动词/情态动词.结构，是用来证实前一句 所表达的内容(起强调作用)。be、助动词或情态动词的选择视前面陈述句 中谓语动词的时态形式而定。A: It is very hot today.今天天气很热。B: So it is.实在如此。56. not onlybut also 不但而且常用来连接语法作用相同的词、短语或句子。连接两个主语时，谓语 动词要和紧靠它的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：She likes not only singing but also dancing.她不但喜欢唱歌，而且喜欢跳舞。He is not only a good doctor but als
17、o a good father.他不但是个好医生而且是个好爸爸。Not only I but also he is hoping to go there.不但我而且他也想去那儿。57. prefer-to- 喜欢胜过prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.意为“两者相比更喜欢(做)其中之一。 在此结构中，t。是介词，接名词或动名词，结构中前后所跟成分一样。例 如：He prefers tea to coffee.茶与咖啡相比，他更喜欢茶。He prefers doing shopping to going fishing.购物与钓鱼相比，他更喜欢购物。58. 感慨
18、句型：What (a/an) + adj. + n, + 主语+谓语！ How + adj./adv+ +主语+谓语！What a clever boy (he is)! =How clever the boy is!这个男孩儿多聪慧啊！What a wonderful film we saw last night!昨天晚上我们看的电影多精彩啊！How lovely the weather is!天气多好啊！How hard he works!他工作多么努力啊！59. 祈使句型祈使句型表示命令、请求、劝告等含义。说话的对象通常为第二人称， 习惯上常省略。句未用句号或感慨号。肯定祈使句是：谓语动
19、词用动词原 形表示。否认祈使句是：在谓语动词前加do not(don t)。例如：Be here on time tomorrow.明天准时到这儿来。Say it in English!用英语说！Don t be afraid!别怕！DonJ t look out of the window!不要朝窗外看！60. 并列句型用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫并列句。连接并列 句常用的连接词有：and, but, or, so, however, not only-but also, neither- nor, eitheror等。例如:I help her and she helps
20、me.我援助她，她援助我。He is very old but he is in good health.他年纪很大了，但他身体很好。We must hurry, or weJ H be late.我们得赶快走，不然就晚了。Kate does her work carefully, so she never makes any mistakes. 凯特工 作很认真，从不出错。I hate watching Channel Five.我讨厌看五频道。When someone asked him to have a rest, he just went on working.当有人让他休息一会儿时
21、，他仍继续工作。I have finished writing the story.我已经写完了故事。4. fillwith 用装满；be filled with 充满了； be full of充满了be filled with说明由外界事物造成的此种状态，表示被动。例如：The box is filled with food.盒子里装满了食物。be full of说明主语处于的状态。此外，还可表示程度，意为“非常。 例如：The patient s room is full of flowers.那个病人的房间摆满了花。The young man is full of pride.那个年轻人
22、非常骄傲。这两种结构还可以相互改写。例如：I fill the box with food. The box is full of food.5. be good/bad for有利于/有害于此句型是：be+adj.+for+n.结构。例如：Doing morning exercises is good for your health.做早操对你的健康有益。Always playing computer games is bad for your study.总玩电脑游戏对你的学习不利。6. be used to(doing) sth.习惯于后必须接名词或动名词，可用于现在、过去、将来的多种时
23、态。be可 用get,become来替代。 例如：He is used to life in the country.(He is used to living in the country.)他习惯于乡村生活。He will get used to getting up early.他将会习惯于早起。注意：be used to do的意思是“被用来做o例如：Wood is used to make paper.木材被用来造纸。能否麻烦您“关注一下我的：状元学霸说 和 学习不困难？每 天都会更新各学科资料的，全都免费提供，只是想求“关注用搜索状元学霸说学习不困难然后点击“关注就可以了如果搜不出
24、来，那搜我的：duxue41 ,加我好友，我再把发给您。这也是工作需要生活所迫，没有别的意思，咱们相互援助可以吗？求您不要踢我，我并没有盈利赚钱，只是想求“关注多谢了！7. bothand两者都用来连接两个并列成分;当连接两个并列主语时，其后谓语动词用复数。 例如：Both the students and the teachers will go to the History Museum tomorrow.不管老师还是学生明天都会去历史博物馆。8. can t help doing sth.禁不住做某事help在此的意思是“抑制，忍住，其后接动词-ing形式。例如：His joke is
25、too funny. We can t help laughing.他的笑话太有趣了，我们禁不止笑了起来。9. sth. costs X. some money某物花费某人多少钱此句型的主语是物。cost 一词带的是双宾语，它的过去式、过去分词 和原型一样。This book cost me five yuan.这本书花了我五元钱。10. eitheror不是就是，或者或者用来连接两个并列成分，当连接并列主语时，谓语动词与邻近的主语 保持一致。You may either stay here or go home.你可以呆在这儿，也可以回家。Either she or I am right.
26、= Either I or she is right.不是她对就是我对。11. enough (for X.) to do sth.足够做在此结构中,for用来引出不定式的逻辑主语。例如：The ice isn t thick enough for you to walk on.这冰还没有厚到你可以在上面走的程度。12. feel like doing sth.想要做此处like为介词，后面跟动词-ing形式。此句型与would like to do sth. 同义。例如：I feel like drinking a cup of milk.我想喝一杯牛奶。13. feel/find/thin
27、k it adj./n. to do sth.认为某事在此结构中it为形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语。例如：I find it very interesting to play football.我发觉踢足球很有趣。She thinks it her duty to help us.她认为援助我们是她的职责。能否麻烦您“关注一下我的：状元学霸说 和 学习不困难？每 天都会更新各学科资料的，全都免费提供，只是想求“关注用搜索状元学霸说学习不困难然后点击“关注就可以了如果搜不出来，那搜我的：duxue41 ,加我好友，我再把发给您。这也是工作需要生活所迫，没有别的意思，咱们相互援助可以吗？求您不
28、要踢我，我并没有盈利赚钱，只是想求“关注多谢了！14. get ready for sth./to do sth.get ready for sth.意为“为某事做打算；get ready to do sth.意为“打 算做某事例如：We are getting ready for the meeting.我们正在为会议做打算。They were getting ready to have a sports meet at that moment.他们那时正打算开运动会。15. get/receive/have a letter from 收到的来信,相当于 hear fromDid you
29、receive a letter from John你收到约翰的来信了吗I got a letter from my brother yesterday.我昨天收到了我弟弟的一封来信。16. had better （not） do sth.最好（别）做某事had better为情态动词，其后需用动词原形。had better常用缩写，变 成d better,其否认形式是在其后直接加not。例如：We had better go now. = We d better go now.我们最好现在走吧。You d better not go out because it is windy.今天刮风，
30、你最好别出去了。17. have sth. done使（某事）完成（动作由别人完成）sth.为宾语，done为过去分词作补语。例如：We had the machine repaired.我们请人把机器修好了。注意区分： We have repaired the machine.我们（自己）已经修好了机器。18. help X. (to) do sth./with sth.援助某人(做)某事，其中的to可以省 略。例如：I often help my mother with housework.我常常援助妈妈做家务。Would you please help me (to) look up t
31、hese words请你援助我查查这些词好吗19. How do you like你认为怎么样与 what do you thinkof同义。例如：How do you like the weather in Beijing你认为北京的天气怎么样你觉得这部新电影如何20.1 don t think/believe that- 我认我/信任不其中的nol是对宾语从句进行否认而不是对主句否认(否认前移)。ihal 可省略。例如：I don, t think it will rain.我认为天不会下雨。I don t believe the girl will come.我信任那女孩不会来了。21.
32、 It happens that 碰巧相当于 happen to do,例如：It happened that I heard their secret.可改写为： I happened to hear their secret.我碰巧听到了他们的秘密。22. It* s/has been + 一段时间+since从句 自从某时起做某件事情已经 一段时间了该句型中since引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时。例如：It s twenty years since he came here.他来这里已经20年了。It has been six years since he married Mary.
33、他和玛丽结婚已经六年了。23. It is +adj./n. + for X. to do sth.做某事对某人来说It是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to do sth。例如：It, s not easy for us to study English well.对我们来说学好英语并不简单。It s a good idea for us to travel to the south.去南方旅游对我们来说是个好主意。24. It* s + adj. + of X. to do sth.It是形式主语，todosth.是真正的主语，当表语（即形容词）能对逻辑主 语描述时，常用介词of,而不用for
34、。例如：It s very polite of you to give your seat to old people.你给老人让座，非常有礼貌。25. It seems/appears （to X） that（在某人看来）好似此句中的it是主语，that引导的是表语从句。例如：It seems that he is lying.看样子他好似是在撒谎。It appears to me that he never smiles.在我看来，他从来没有笑过。26. It is +数词+metres/kilometers long/wide是多少米（公里）长（宽）用来表示物体的长（宽,高），如数词大于
35、一，名词要用复数。例如：It is 20 metres long from this end to that end.从这端到那端有二十米长。27. It* s time for X. to do sth.是某人干某事的时候了it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth.例如：It s time for the child to go to bed.孩子该睡觉了。比拟下面两种结构：It s time for + n.例如：It s time for school.It s time to do sth.例如：It, s time to go to school.28. It tak
36、es X. some time to do sth.花费某人多少时间做某事it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth。例如：It takes her fifteen minutes to walk to the bus stop from here.从这儿走着到公交车站将花费她15分钟。It took the old man three days to finish the work.那个老人花了三天时间完成这项工作。29. keep (on) doing sth. 一直坚持做某事keep doing sth. 一般用于静态动词。keep on doing sth.意为“继续不停
37、 地做某事，一般用于动态动词，但二者的区别并不是很严格，有时可以 互换。例如：Don t keep on doing such foolish things.不要再做这样的傻事了。He kept sitting there all day.他整天坐在那里。30. keep*from doing sth.阻挡做某事相当于 stop from doing sth., prevent, from doing sth.在主动句中， stop和prevent后面的from可以省略，但在被动结构中，from不可以省略。 例如：Please keep the children from swimming i
38、n the sea.请别让孩子到海里游泳。The big noise outside my room stopped me from doing my homework.屋外庞大的噪音使我不能做作业。31. keep X. doing sth.让某人一直做某事不可和keep X.from doing sth.结构混淆。例如：Why do you keep me waiting for a long time你为什么让我等了很长时间32. make X. do sth.使某人干某事make意为“使时，其后要有不带to的动词不定式。例如：He made me work ten hours a da
39、y.他让我每天工作1()小时。注意：上句如改为被动语态，则work前的to不能省略。例如：I was made to work ten hours a day.33. neithernor 既不也不当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与邻近的主语取得一致(就进一致原 则)。例如:Neither we nor Jack knows him.我们和杰克都不认识他。He neither knows nor cares what happened.他对发生的事情不闻不问。34. notuntil 直到才until后可跟名词或从句，表示时间。例如：He didn t come until late in the evening.他直到晚上很迟才来。He didn t arrive until the game began.直到比赛开始他才来。35. X. pays money for sth.某人花钱买某物此句型主语是人。例如：r ve already paid 2,000 yuan for the motor bike.我已经花了 2023元买这辆摩托车。36. spend time/money on sth./(in)doing sth.花费(时间、钱)在某事上/ 做某事其中in可以省略，通常主语为“人。例如:I spent five yuan on this book.