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1、中考英语考点精解1. finishfinish意为“完成,结束,作及物动词时,其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。即:finish sth或 finish doing sth.。例如:I finished my homework this morning.我今天上午做完了作业。When did you finish drawing the picture你什么时候画完那幅画的?(拓展)能接v.-ing作宾语的动词还有:practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。practice doing sth.练习做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事mind doing sth.介意做某
2、事keep doing sth. 一直做某事2. afraid1) beaftaid表示“畏惧做某事或“不敢做某事,be afraid之后可接不 定式,也可接名词、代词或of doing sth.。例如:She was afraid to tell you.她畏惧告诉你。She is afraid of going out alone late at night.她很怕深夜单独外出。r m afraid of the dog.我怕狗。(2)但假设要表示担忧可能会发生某事,则只能用be afraid of doing而不能 用 be afraid to do 例如:Im afraid of be
3、ing late fbr class.(4) promise + that 从句,意为“承诺o例如:He promised that he would come straight home. 他承诺他会直接回家。我担忧上课迟到。(3) be afraid 后可接 that 从句。例如:He is afraid that his father will be unhappy.他担忧他的爸爸会不愉快。3. realize11)realize作为及物动词,意为“认识到,了解。例如:He didnt realize his mistake until his mother told him.直到妈妈告
4、诉他,他才认识到自己的错误。I didnt realize how late it was.我没有意识到天已经那么晚了。When he realized what had happened, he was sorry.当他明白发生了什么事时,他感到很伤心。(2) realize还可以表不完成;完成”的意思。例如:The girl finally realized her dream of becoming an actress.那个女孩当演员的梦想总算完成了。(拓展)realize与recognize这两个词都有“认识,识别的意思,但在具体用法上又 有所差异。(1) recognize也可以用
5、作及物动词,表示“认出,识别的意思。例如:I recognized his voice.我识别出了他的声音。T recognized her as my friends daughter.我认出了 她是我朋友的女儿。(2) recognize还可以表示“清楚了解;认定的意思。例如:I recognized him to be cleverer than I am.我认识到他比我聪慧。4. improveimprove既可以作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词,意为“改良,提高,改 善,表示某事或某种情况逐渐好转。例如:Their French has improved a lot.他们的法语进步很大
6、。We havent discovered how to improve it.我们还没找到如何改良它的方法。Youd better work out a plan to improve your writing skills.你最好制定一个提高写作能力的方案。We are always seeking to improve productivity.我们一直在设法提高生产率。5. discoverdiscover通常用作及物动词,主要用法有:(1)表示“发觉某一具体的东西,后接名词或代词作宾语。例如:Who discoveredAmerica 谁发觉了 美洲It was discovered
7、 among waste paper.这是在废纸中发觉的。2)表示“发觉某一情况,其后可以接名词或代词作宾语,也可接复合 宾语或特别疑问词+不定式作宾语。例如:We soon discovered the truth.我们很快发觉了事实真相。We discovered her to be a good cook.我们发觉她很会煮饭We haven t discovered how to improve it.我们还没找到如何改良它的方法。(拓展)辨析:discover, find 及 invent(1) discover意为“发觉,觉察(原先没看见或不了解的事物)。He discovered
8、electricity.他发觉了电。find意为“找到;得到,求得。I can find the answer to the question.我找到了问题的答案。invent意为“制造,制造”。He invented the first electric clock.他制造了第一个电动机械钟。6.look uplook up意为“(在词典或参考书中)查阅,检查,其后跟名词作宾语,名 词可放在look和up之间,也可放在look up之后;如果代词作宾语,则只能放 在look和up之间o例如:Look up the word in the book, and you will know its
9、 meaning.在书中查查这个词,你就了解它的意思了。Please look them up in the dictionary carefully.请认真在词典中查一下它们。(拓展)look的相关短语:look up(在字典、参考书中)查询所需的信息look for 寻觅look over(医生)认真检查look around环顾周围look after 照看look at 看look down on 看不起7 .patient(1) patient作形容词,意为“有耐心的,能忍受的,后接with/of。He s a very patient man.他是个很有耐心的人。(2) patie
10、nt作名词,意为“病人。The doctor is very patient with his patients.那位医 师对病 人十分 耐心。Would you mind making some room for the patient请你给这位病人让点儿地方出来行吗?8 . create(1) create作动词,意为“制造,创作,创立。God creates human beings.上帝制造了 人类。An artist should create beautiful things. 一个艺术家应该制造漂亮的东西。It is people who create history. 是人民制
11、造了 历史。(拓展)creative作形容词,意为“有制造性的,有创意的“。Yoga releases the creative potential in life.瑜伽释放出生命中制造的潜力。Pay close attention to your own creative ideas.时刻关注自己制造性的想法。9. put onputon在本课中意为“增加(体重);发胖。例如:I can eat what I want but I never put on weight.我想吃什么就吃什么,但是从来不发胖。(拓展)puton的其他用法:(1)意为“穿上;戴上。例如:Its much too
12、cold outside. You should put on your coat.外面太冷了,你应该穿上外套。She put on her coat and went out.她穿上大衣出去了。(2)意为“上演;举办。例如:The band is hoping to put on aUKshow before the end of the year.那个乐队期望年底之前在英国举办一场演出。10. wish/hope(1)相同点:表示“想;期望,宾语可为to do,不能用doing。例如:I hope/wish to visit Guilin.我期望去桂林观光。(2)不同点:wish后可以跟复
13、合宾语,即wish X. to do sth.,而hope不能。 例如:I wish you to go.(正)我期望你去。I hope you to go.(误)我期望你去。(3)两者都可接that从句,但是“hope + that从句”表示期望,“wish + that从 句表示心愿,且从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。例如:I hope youll be better soon.我期望你很快好起来。I wish I were really wealthy.但愿我真的富有。(4) wish后可接双宾语。例如:We wish you a happy New Year!我们祝你新年愉快!11. mi
14、ssmiss为动词,意为“想念,思念。例如:ril miss you when you go toCanada.你到了加拿大以后,我肯定会想你。(拓展)(1) miss作动词还有“未击中,未抓住的意思。例如:I tried to hit the ball but I missed.我努力地想击中球,但却未成功。(2) miss还可意为“未赶上,错过,是动词。例如:I missed the football match on TV last night.我错过了昨天晚上电视中的足球赛。(3) miss 与 like; mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy;
15、 stop; can t help; give up 等词一样后接动词的-ing形式。例如:I dont want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的时机。12. howeverhowever是副词,意为“不过;然而,有转折的含义,相当于but,可位于 句首、句中和句末。位于句首时,其后用逗号隔开;位于句中时,其前用分号或 逗号,其后用逗号隔开;位于句末时,其前用逗号隔开。但but只能置于句首或 句中。例如:Shes very intelligent. However, shes quite lazy
16、.她非常聪慧,但是她很懒惰。(拓展)however 与 but(1)however是副词,意为“不过;然而,表转折时,与后面的句子用逗号 隔开,不能与but连用。例如:My room is small. However, its comfortable.我的房间小,但很舒服。(2)but是连词,意为“但是,表示转折时,与后面内容相连,不用逗号隔 开。例如:She is young but very clever.她虽然年轻但非常聪慧。13. dress updress up意为“装扮,乔装装扮或者“穿上盛装,装扮。例如:You dont need dress up for the party.
17、你不必为这个聚会精心装扮。(拓展)dressup常与as; in连用构成短语dress up as意为”装扮成;乔装装扮成;dress up in意为穿上,后接表示衣服或颜色的名词。例如:He likes to dress up as a solider.他喜欢装扮成X。On Christmas Day we always dress up in red.在圣诞节我们总是穿上红衣服。14. care aboutcare about意为“担忧;关怀;在乎;对感兴趣。例如:Dont you care about losing your job你难道不担忧失去工作吗?I really care ab
18、out the students in my class.我真的很关怀我班的学生。I dont care about your opinion.我对你的观点不感兴趣。(拓展)care about 与 care for 的辨析:(l)careabout意为“关怀;在乎;介意,强调出于责任感而“关怀;在乎。例如:My parents care about my health.我父母关怀我的健康。care for可意为“照料;照顾,与take care of同义;也可意为“喜欢, 多用于疑问句或否认句,其同义短语为be fond of。例如:Would you care for a cup of t
19、ea你想喝杯茶吗?He helped me care for my mother when I left.我离开时,他帮我照顾我母亲。15. remind(1) remind是及物动词,意思是“提示、使某人想起,经常和介词of连用 构成动词短语 remind somebody of somebody/something=remind somebody that+ 从句,意思是“使某人想起某事或者某人。例如:Does that song remind you of your mother那首歌使你想起你的妈妈吗?(2)动词短语remind somebody to do something的意思是
20、“提示某人做某事。例如:Please remind me to return the books to the library.请提示我把这些书还给图书馆。16. promisepromise是动词,意为“允诺,容许。其用法归纳如下:(1)后接名词或代词作宾语,常可以带间接宾语,即构成promise X. sth.例如:He promised me the book.他容许给我这本书。(2) promise to do sth.意为承诺/容许做某事”。例如:He promised to help us.他容许要援助我们。(3) promise X. (not) to do sth.意为“承诺/容许某人(不)做某事。例如:I promise you not to say that.我容许你不说那件事。