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1、2022年中考英语专项复习分类汇编专题十五：定语从句本章节内容：1 .定语从句概述2 .关系代词的用法3 .关系副词的用法4 .定语从句解题技巧定语从句作为初中英语的难点，在语篇阅读中对定语从句的考查必不可少。因此掌握定语从句的 简单用法是非常有必要的。在做此类试题时，首先确定先行词是指物还是指人，指人就从that, who, whose, whom中选择；指物 就从（hat, which中选择。然后再根据关系词在从句中所作的成分来确定到底应该用哪一个关系词。1定语从句概述在复合句中作定语的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引 导定语从句的是关系代词that,
2、which,who,whose,whom和关系副词when,where.whyo关系代词或关系副 词既起连接作用,又充当从句中的一个成分。关系词作用先行词例句that,who,whom（只 作宾语）主语、宾语、表语人Do you know the old man who/that is standing under the tree?你认识站 在树下的那个老人吗？that,which主语、宾语、表语物She got a computer which/that her parents bought for her.她有台电脑， 这台电脑是她父母买给她的。whose定语人/物The boy who
3、se father is a doctor studies very hard.这个男孩学习非常刻 苦，他爸爸是位医生。21. People often like clothes can make them look young.A. when B. who C. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”，所以，定语从句的引导词用which 或that引导，故选Co22. I can never forget the stories my grandma told me.A. what B. who C. them D. that【答案】D【解析】
4、此题考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词the stories是“物”，所以，定语从句的引 导词用which或that引导,故选D。23. The little boy was wrapping the present would be sent to his teacher.A. who B. / C. what D. that【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词由e present是“物”，在定语从句中充当主语，所以，定语从句的引导词用which或mat引导，故选D。24. There are so many girls over there. Which
5、 one is your sister?The one hat is yellow.A. who B. whose C. that D. which【答案】B【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词是theone/girl,在定语从句中充当hat的 定语，所以，定语从句的引导词用whose引导，故选B.25. This is the primary school I studied (hree years ago.A. where B. when C. that D. which【答案】A【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词the primary school,
6、在定语从句中充当的 是地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导，故选A.26. Its interesting that there arc many people speak French in Canada.A. which B. where C. who【答案】C 【解析】此题考杳定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词many people是“人”，在定语从句中充当 主语，所以，定语从句的引导词用who或that引导，故选C.27.1. Please pass me the cartoon book has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.A. whom B. wh
7、ose C. who D. which【答案】D 【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词the cartoon book是“物”，在定语从句中充 当主语，所以，定语从句的引导词用which或that引导，故选D.28. I want to find a partner to practice roller skating.My friend Fred is a person may help you a lot.A. which B. so C. who D. and【答案】C【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词a person是“人”，在定语从句中充当主语,
8、 所以，定语从句的引导词用who或ihat引导，故选C.29.1. Now many people smoke and get ill.So we should do something can help slop smoking.A. what B. who C. / D. that【答案】D 【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词something是不定代词，只能用关系代词 that引导，故选D30.1 still remember the time we spent together at Xisai Mountain last year.A. when B. what
9、C. who D. which【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词【he time是“物”，在定语从句中充当宾语, 所以，定语从句的引导词用which或that引导，故选D.31. One of the most delicious drinks I like is orange juice.A. which B. that C. whose D. whom【答案】B【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词是drinks,受到形容词的最高级修饰，只 能用that引导,故选B.32. Success will belong to those never
10、say impossible.A. whom B. what C. who D. which【答案】C【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词those表示的是“人”，在定语从句中充当 的是主语，所以用引导词who引导，故选C.33. Do you enjoy My heart will go on?No, I prefer songs loud.A. that is B. which is C. that are D. what are【答案】C【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词songs表示的是“物”，所以用引导词which 或that引导，同时表示的是名
11、词复数，系动词应用are,故选C.The room whose window is open is mine.开着窗户的那个房间是我的。when状语时间I still remember (he day when you left for Beijing.我仍然记得你前往北 京的那一天。where状语地点This is the school where my mother works.这就是我妈妈工作的那所学 校。why状语原因Could you explain the reason why you were late?你能解释一下你迟到的 原因吗？2关系代词的用法一般情况下,ihal既可指人乂
12、可指物，可以代替who,whom和which.在从句中作主语、表语或宾 语;which指物，在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;who在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;whom在从句中作宾 语;whose在从句中作定语。A doctor is a -crson who looks after a patient.先行词 主语 谓语 宾语句意:医生就是照顾病人的人。1 .下列情况下，先行词指物时,只能用that引导,不能用which引导：(1)当先行词是 all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing 等代词时。Is there anything that y
13、ou dont understand?你有什么不懂的地方吗？Tom told his mother all that had happened.汤姆把发生的一切都告诉了他的妈妈。(2)当先行词前面有the onlyjhc very,the last等修饰时。This is the only book that I can find.这是我能找到的唯一的一本书。(3)当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。This is the best book that I have ever read.这是我读过的最好的书。(4)当主句是以特殊疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句时。Which is the ho
14、tel that you like best?哪个是你最喜欢的旅馆？2 .关系代词的省略一般情况下,关系代词作宾语时可以省略，但关系代词which,whom在从句中作介词的宾语并且介词 位于关系代词之前时，不能省略。Ill never forget the day on which I joined the club.我永远不会忘记我加入俱乐部的那一天。注意:that,which,who在从句中作主语时，不能省略。Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher?正在和我们老师谈话的那个男孩是谁？3关系副词的用法This is the factor
15、y where my father works.先行词 地点状语 主语 谓语句意:这就是我爸爸工作的那个工厂。1 .when表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。I still remember the year when you graduated from No.8 Middle School.我依然记得你从八中毕业的那 一年。2 .why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词是表示原因的reason 一词。We dont know the reason why he was late for school我们不知道他为什么上学迟到。3 .where表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。Tha
16、t is (he school where I studied three years ago.那就是我三年前就读的学校。4定语从句解题技巧Running Man is a very relaxing TV program which is popular among the young people.主句：Running Man is a very relaxing TV program从句： which is popular among the young people先行伺：TV program关系代词:which 因此，如果确定是考查定语从句，我们就可以排除不是关系代词或关系副词的选项
17、，如：whato在此过程中要掌握“三看”原则。（1） 一看指人还是物先行词指人：that,who, whose, whom先行词指物：that, which, whose（2）二看句中作何用主语 who（人），which （物）,that （人/物）宾语 who/whom（人），which （物），that （人/物）定语 whose （人/物）状语 where（地点），when （时间），why （原因）如： My brother likes the stories were written by Mark Twain because they arc often humorous.先行词（
18、the stories）指物，关系词在从句中作主语,可用关系代词which/thato如：He is the boy I talked with just now.先行词（the boy）指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，可用关系代词whom/who/that/不填。如:What4s the name of the girl _father is a doctor?先行词（the girl）指人,关系词在从句中作定 语,可用关系代词whoseo如:I still remember the day our new school was built.从句中不缺成分,先行词（the day）指时间，关系词
19、在从句中作状语,可用关系副词w h e n。（3）看是否是特殊情况：关系词只能用that的几种情况当先行词是 all, little, much, none, everything, anything, nothing 等不定代词时。如：Tom told his mother all that had happened.汤姆把全部情况告诉了他的妈妈。当先行词前面有the only, （he very, the last等修饰时。如:This is the only book that I can find.这就是我能找到的唯本书。当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。如:The tallest
20、player that plays football for our team is from Shanghai.为我们足球队踢足球的那个最高的运 动员来自上海。当先行词既有人又有物时。如：Lets talk about the people and the things that we can remember.让我们谈论我们能够记起的人和事。关系词只能用which的几种情况：关系代词放在介词之后。如：This is the factory in which we once worked.这就是我们曾经工作过的工厂。非限制性定语从句中。如：This is a famous book, whi
21、ch was written by Lu Xun.这是鲁迅写的一本有名的书。that, those作主语时。如：Those which are on the desk are English books.桌子上的那些是英语书。用who而不用that的情况：当先行词为people和those时,只能用who。如:Those who want to go there come here please,那此想去那儿的人请来这边。当先行词为 one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all（指人）时，只能用 who。如：Anyone who is against us is
22、 our enemy.任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用who。如：The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几 天他会再来。练一练：1. What shall we do next?Take the advice is given by Dr. Bloch.A. who B. which C. whose【答案】B【解析】先行词advice,指物体，关系代词应用which.2.1. Mr. Smithis smoking i
23、s looking for he lost yesterday.A. whom: which B. who; whatC. that; whoD. which; where【答案】B【解析】先行词Mr. Smith指人，关系代词应用who;在寻找他昨天丢失的物体，从选项来看，关系代 词应用what.3.1. Steve Jobs is one of the persons founded Apple Computer Company. His death marked the end of anera （时代）.A. who B. whom C. which D. /【答案】A【解析】从句子结
24、构来看先行词Steve Jobs,指人，且作主语。关系代词应用who.1.1. Do you know the girl is talking to the headmaster over there?Of course. She is my sister.A. who B. whom C. which D. what【答案】A【解析】选A。考查考查定语从句。先行词是thegirl,指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词 who。5. Foshan is a city has a very long history.A whose B. which C. who【答案】B【解析】先行词是Fo
25、shan,是地方，引导词用which.6. The Palace Museum is the best place Ive ever visited.【答案】c【解析】选C。考查定语从句。先行词是The Palace Museum,指物，且在定语从句中做visited的宾语， 因此选C。7. Do you know the girl is helping the old woman.-Oh, thats my sister,A. whom B. whose C. who D. where【答案】C【解析】选C。考查定语从句。先行词是thegirl,指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who
26、。8. Do you know the lady is talking with Mr. Smith?Yes, shes our new chemistry teacher, Miss Brown.A. who B. which C. whom【答案】A【解析】选A。先行词是由e lady,指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who。9. I was looking for the pen I bought yesterday when you called me.A. who B. where C. which D. what【答案】C【解析】选C。考查定语从句引导词。前置语为the p
27、en名词，用which代替。what不能作定语从句的 引导词。10. Please pass me the cartoon book has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.A. whom B. whose C. who D. which【答案】D【解析】选D。考查定语从句引导词。前置语为由e canon book,名词，用which代替。1.1 1 like the friends to do the same things as me so that we can communicate better with each other.A. who likes B.
28、what like C. who like【答案】C【解析】选C。先行词是【he friends,指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who,由于friends 是复数，谓语动词用原形。12. There will be a flower show in the park we visited last week.A. who B. when C. what D. which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的现行词the park是“物，在定语从句中充当的是visited 的宾语,因此用关系代词which或that引导来引导,故选D.13. Most students
29、like the teachers understand them wellA. who B. when C. what D. which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的现行词the teachers是“人”，在定语从句中充当的是主 语，因此用关系代词who或Ihal引导来引导，故选A.1.1. Zhang Lili is considered as (he most beautiful teacher gave her love to her students in danger.A. who B. that C. whom D. which【答案】B【解析】考查定语从
30、句引导词的用法。定语从句的现行词the most beautiful teacher是“人”,在定语从句 中充当的是主语，因此用关系代词who或thal引导来引导，同时先行词受到形容词的最高级修饰，只能 用ihat来引导,故选B.1.2. The English-Chinese dictionarymy father bought for me many years ago is still of great value.A. whose B. when C. who D. that【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的现行词dictionary是“物，在定语从句中充当的是宾
31、语，因此用关系代词which或that引导来引导，故选D.16. What do you think of the school uniforms?” Very good. I like clothes make me feelcomfortable/*A. that B. what C. who【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”，所以，定语从句的引导词用 which或that引导。根据句意：你觉得校服怎么样呀？很好，我喜欢让我穿着舒服的衣服。故选A.17. What are you looking for?Im looking for the
32、ring my husband bought me last year.A. that B. who C. whom D. it【答案】A【解析】此题考查引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词是“the ring”表示“物”，故定语从句的引导词用that 或which,故选Ao1.1. Robert is just one young overseas Chinese has come to visit his ancestors homeland.A. who B. where C. when D. which【答案】A解析此题考查引导词的用法。定语从句修饰的先行词“one young overse
33、as Chinese”表示的是“一个年 轻的海外华人“，所以定语从句的引导词用ihat或who,故选A.19 . What are you looking for?一Im looking for the pen my father gave me last week.A. who B. which C. whose D. whom【答案】B【解析】此题考查引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词是“the pen”表示“物”，故引导词用Ihal或which, 故选Bo20 .What kind of movies do you like?一I like the move are about Chinese history.A. who B. whom C. whose D which【答案】D【解析】此题考查引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词是“the move”表示“物”,故引导词用ihat或which, 故选Do