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1、考 研 英 语 词 汇 全 攻 略 第 一 部 分 考 研 英 语 核 心 词 汇 记 单 词 时 不 要 采 用 从 A Z 的 顺 序,而 是 要 灵 活 搭 配,比 如 A 和 J,B 和 O,C 和 N,D 和 L 等,这 样 记 起 来 既 不 觉 得 累 又 有 成 就 感。一 定 记 住 吴 老 师 的 建 议:每 天 晚 上 看 1-2页,把 自 己 已 经 记 住 的 暂 时 划 出 来,无 论 多 忙,当 天 晚 上 睡 觉 前 和 第 二 天 早 上 都 要 把 学 习 的 单 词 复 习 一 遍,然 后 再 分 别 过 3 天、7 天、1 5天、3 0 天 各 复 习
2、一 遍,坚 持 下 来,到 考 前 周 看 最 后 一 遍 时,你 会 觉 得 大 部 分 单 词 都 已 经 很 熟 悉 了。另 外,务 必 要 把 自 己 做 过 的 历 年 真 题 或 模 拟 题 中 的 词 汇 题 集 中 整 理 起 来,这 样 的 对 比 记 忆 特 别 有 助 于 我 们 对 近 义 近 形 词 汇 的 辨 析。这 样 坚 持 学 习,双 管 齐 下,一 定 会 取 得 良 好 学 习 效 果!abide 遵 循(.by);容 忍 The one thing she cannot abide is lying.abnormal 反 常 的 abnormal beh
3、aviorabolish 彻 底 废 除(法 律、制 度、习 俗 等)abolish old customabrupt 突 然 的,意 外 的 an abrupt departureabsolute 纯 粹 的,完 全 的 have absolute trust in sb.absorb 吸 收,吸 进 A sponge absorbs water.abstract 抽 象 的 A flower is beautiful,but beauty itself is abstract.absurd 荒 谬 的,荒 唐 的 The idea that number 14 brings bad luc
4、k is absurd.abuse 滥 用 abuse ones authority(office)aaccelerate 力 口 速,增 速 accelerate one?s stepsaccess 接 近(或 进 入)的 机 会 have regular and immediate access to the Presidentaccommodate 使 适 应,使 符 合 一 致 accommodate oneself to changed circumstancesaccompany 陪 伴,伴 随 She was accompanied to a dinner by her frie
5、nd.accomplish 达 到(目 的),完 成(任 务),实 现(计 划,诺 言 等)accomplish ones purposeaccord 使 符 合,相 致(with)His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words.account 记 述,叙 述 give a brief account of what has happenedaccumulate 积 累,积 攒,积 聚 accumulate wisdomaccurate 准 确 的,精 确 的 an accurate estimateaccuse 指 控,指 责
6、 They accused her publicly of stealing their books.accustom 使 习 惯 于 accustom oneself to rising(to rise)earlya c q u a in t使 认 识,使 了 解 activate 使 活 动 起 来,使 开 始 起 作 用,启 动 They have planted secret agents in many countries who could beactivated whenever needed.acute 尖 锐 的,敏 锐 的 an acute thinkeradapt(使)适
7、 应 adapt oneself to new conditionsaddress 演 说 a television addressadhere 黏 附,附 着 Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another.adjacent 临 近 的,毗 邻 的(to)a city and its adjacent suburbsadjoin 贴 近,写 毗 邻 His house adjoins the lake.administrate 掌 管,料 理.的 事 务 In many Japanese homes,the funds are admi
8、nistrated by the wife,adolescent(尤 指 16 岁 以 下 的)青 少 年 a film aimed at adolescentsadvance 使 向 前 移 动 advance a chessmanadvantage 有 禾 U条 件,优 点 Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term.adverse 不 友 好 的,敌 对 的 She felt adverse to her husbands friends.advocate 拥 护,提 倡,主 张 advoca
9、te self-defenceaesthetic 美 学 的,艺 术 的,审 美 an aesthetic theoryaffliliate 使 康 属(或 附 属)于,使 成 为 会 员 a government affiliated companyaffirm 断 言,申 明 affirm the truth of a statementaggravate 力 口 重,力 口 剧,恶 化 aggravate the declining economyaggressive 侵 犯 的,侵 略 的 an aggressive weaponagitate 搅 动(液 体 等)The machin
10、e agitated the mixture,alarm 惊 恐,忧 虑 The bandits scattered in alarm.alert 警 惕 的,留 神 的 In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.alien 夕 卜 国 的 adjust to an alien cultureallege 断 言,宣 称 The newspaper alleges the mayors guilt.allocate 分 配,分 派,把.拨 给 allocate funds for new projectsallied 结 盟
11、 的,看 关 联 的 allied nationsallow 允 给,准 许,允 许 He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit.allowance 津 贝 占,补 强,零 用 钱 a housing allowancealter 改 变,更 改 alter an attitudealternate 交 替,轮 流 Night and day alternate.amateur(艺 术,科 学 等 而)、业 余 爱 好 者 an amateur golferamaze 使 惊 愕,使 惊 异 I am amazed that
12、he should get the post.a m b ig u o u s含 糊 不 清 的,模 棱 两 可 的 an ambiguous answerambition(对 名 利 馨 的)强 烈 欲 望,野 心 His political ambitions still burn.amend 修 改,修 订 amend the spelling in sb.s paperamuse 逗 乐,逗 笑,给.提 供 娱 乐(或 消 遣)The clown at the circus amused the children.anchor 锚 The anchor catches(drags).a
13、nnounce 宣 布,声 称 It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection.annoy 使 恼 怒,使 生 气 She was annoyed at(with)his lightheard attitude.annual 每 年 的,年 度 的 the annual output of steelanonymous 匿 名 的,无 名 的 an anonymous letter(phone call)answer 回 答,响 应 Henry took ages to answer the door.anticip
14、ate 预 期,预 料 The directors anticipated a fall in demand(that demand would fall).anxious 焦 虑 的,发 愁 的(about,at)They become anxious at her delay.apart 成 零 碎 Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.apparent 显 然 的,明 明 白 白 的 It was apparent that they all understood.appeal 呼 吁,恳 求 I appealed to t
15、he children to make less noise.applaud 鼓 掌,喝 彩,叫 好 The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.apply 涂,敷 He applied two coats of paint to the table.appoint 任 命,委 派 They appointed his father(to be 或 as)postmaster.appraise 估 量,估 计 appraise the infants weightappreciate 感 激 I appreciated your
16、 help much.apprehend 对.担 心 Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?approach 靠 近,接 近 John is approaching manhood.appropriate,恰 当 的,相 称 的 Plain,simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.approve 赞 成,同 意 I couldnt approve his conduct.approximate 大 概 的,大 约 的,近 似 的 The approximate time is
17、10 oclock.叩 t(习 性)易 于.的,有.倾 向 的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes.arbitrary 随 心 所 欲 的,个 人 武 断 的,任 意 的 an arbitrary choicearise 起 立,起 身 arise from ones seatarouse 使.奋 发 A man like Tom will be aroused.Dont worry.array 排 列,队 形 The troops were formed in battle array.articulate 发 音 清 晰 的,善 于 表 达
18、的 He is articulate about everything in the field of economics.artificial 人 工 的,人 造 的,人 为 的 artificial price controlsascend 登 高,(渐 渐)上 升,升 高 The airplane ascended into the cloud.ascertain 查 明,弄 清,确 定 I ascertained that he was dead.ashamed 惭 愧 的,羞 耻 的 I am ashamed for being so stupid.ashore 向 岸,向 陆 地
19、He swam ashore.aside 在 旁 边 We stood aside to let her pass.assault 攻 击,袭 击 We made an assault on the enemy fort.assemble 集 合,召 集 assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting.assert 肯 定 地 说(出),坚 定 地 断 言 He asserted his innocence.assess 估 价,评 价,评 论 assess the present state of the economyass
20、ign 分 配,布 置(作 业)The teacher assigned(us)a new lesson.assimilate 吸 收,消 化 He is quick to assimilate new ideas.associate(使)联 系,(使)结 合 We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.assume 假 定,假 设 Farmers will have a bumper harvest,assuming(that)the weather si favarable.assu r
21、e深 信 不 疑 地 对.说,向.保 证 assurance 保 证,把 握,信 心 He gave me his assurance that he would help.astonish 使 惊 讶 I was astonished at his sudden appearance.attach 系,贴,连 接 attach a label to a suitcaseattain 达 到,获 得 attain one goalattend 出 南,参 力 口(会 议 等)attend a weddingattendance 出 席,参 力 口,出 席 人 数,出 席 率 Our class
22、 has perfect attendance today.attentive 注 意 的,专 心 的 an attentive audienceattribute 把 归 因 于,把.(过 错 的 责 任 等)归 于(to)He attributed his success to hard work.auxiliary 辅 助 的 an auxiliary rocketavail 有 利 于,有 助 于 Will force alone avail us?average 平 均 数,平 均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 article
23、s a day.avert 挡 开,防 止,避 免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.awake 醒,觉 酉 星 awake from sleepaward 授 予(奖 品 等)The university awarded him an honorary degree.ban(以 官 方 明 令)禁 止,取 缔 He was banned from entering the city.bang(突 发 的)sudden loud bangbar 条,块,棒 a bar of goldb a r e 赤 裸 的,光 秃 的,空 无
24、 内 容 的 walk in bare feetbeforehand 预 先,事 先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand.b e h a v e举 止 端 正,听 话 Do behave.bewilder 使 迷 惑,使 糊 涂 Tm bewildered as to which one to buy.bias 偏 见,偏 心 have a bias against sb.(sK sth.)blame 责 备,责 怪 Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading
25、 the girl astray.blast 一 阵(风),一 股(气 流)a blast of windblaze 火 焰 The fire sprang into a blaze.blunt 专 电 的 The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.blush(因 害 羞、激 动、窘 困)脸 红 blush with(或 for)joyboast 自 吹 自 擂,自 杼 的 话 He is full of boasts.bolt 螺 栓,(门,窗 的)插 销 a small bag of nuts and boltsboom 低
26、沉 有 回 响 的 声 音 The great bell tolled with a de叩 boom.border 边 界,边 境,边 沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailandbore 钻 孔,挖(通 道)bore through a wallbounce 弹 起,反 弹 The ball doesn bounce well.bound 跳 跃,弹 回 She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.boycott(联 合 起 来)
27、抑 制,拒 绝 参 加 boycott uncooperative manufacturesbrace 托 架,支 架 He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.breed(使)繁 殖 Rabbits breed families rapidly.bribe 贿 赂 accept(或 take)a bribe from sb.b r i e f短 暂 的,简 短 的,简 洁 的 a brief holidayb r i s k 轻 快 的,生 气 勃 勃 的 a brisk pacebrittle 易 碎 的,一 一 碰 就 破 的 brittle
28、 glassbrush 刷 子,毛 刷 a laundry brushbump 碰,撞(against,into)The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.burst 爆 炸,禄 裂 The boiler burst.calculate 计 算,推 算 calculate the distance between New York and Chicagocall 喊,叫 Please call the names of all the people who are present.cancel 取 消,废 除,删 去 cancel a trip
29、capture 俘 虏,捕 获 capture butterfliescase 事 例,事 实,事 情 This is a case of poor judgment.cast 投,扔,抛,撒,掷 cast doubt(s)on the feasibility of a schemec a s u a l偶 然 的,无 计 划 的,随 便 的,非 正 式 的 a casual meetingcease 停 止,终 止,结 束 The music ceased suddenly.certify 证 明,证 实 The accounts were certified(as)correct.chal
30、lenge 向.挑 战 Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match.character(事 物 的)性 质,特 质 The furniture in Toms apartment was pretentious and without character.charge 要(价),收(费)The airlines charge half price for students.charm 魅 力,魔 力 This thriving resort town has retained its village cha
31、rm.chase 追 逐,追 求 The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.check 使 突 然 停 止,制 止 check one?s stepscherish 珍 爱,珍 视 cherish one native landchew 嚼,咀 嚼 He chewed a mouthful of meat.choke 窒 息,噎 住 be choked by smokec h o r u s合 唱 队 chronic(疾 病)慢 性 的,(人)久 病 的 chronic indigestionclarity 澄 清,
32、阐 明 clarify an issuecling 粘 着 The frightened child clung to her mother.clumsy 笨 拙 的 a clumsy boycluster(果 实,花 等 的)串,束,簇;(人 或 物)的 群,组 a cluster of touristsclutch 紧 抓,紧 握 clutch at an opportunitycoherent 一 致 的,协 调 的 lack coherent political goalsc o i n 硬 币,钱 市,金 扇 货 币 a silver coincoincide 相 符,相 一 致 1
33、00 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.collaborate(尤 指 在 文 艺、科 学 等 方 面)合 作,协 作 He and I collaborated in writing plays.collapse 倒 坍,崩 溃,瓦 解 The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.collide 碰 撞,互 箍 The car collided with the e 来,来 至 lj Will you come to the dance tonight?commemorate 纪 念,庆 祝
34、commemorate a holidaycommend 表 扬,称 赞 commend a soldier for braverycompact 紧 密 的,坚 实 的 a compact piece of luggagecompare 比 较,对 照(with,to)compare the body to a finely tuned machinecompatible 能 和 睦 相 处 的,合 的 来 的 You should choose a roommate more compatible to your pile 汇 编,编 制 compile an anthology of p
35、oemscomply 遵 从,顺 从,服 从 comply with rules(safety regulations)compose 组 成,构 成 England,Scotland,and Wales compose the island of Great Bpress 压 缩 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentencescomprise 包 含,包 括 The shipyard comprises three promise 妥 协,折 衷 compromise over the hard-fought pulsor
36、y 必 须 做 的,义 务 的 a compulsory subjectconceal 隐 藏,隐 瞒,隐 蔽 He concealed his disappointment from his friends.conceive 构 想 出,设 想 conceive an ideaconcentrate 集 中,专 心 concentrate one attentioncondemn 谴 责 We all condemn cruelty to children.condense(便)压 缩,(使)凝 结,使 简 洁 condense a 叩 eech to halfconfer 商 谈,商 议
37、confer with sb.Over(on,about,concerning)sth.confess 坦 白,供 认,承 认,忏 悔 confess ones crimeconfidence 信 任 break sb.confidenceconfine 限 制,使 局 限 They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.confirm 证 实,肯 定 confirm a rumourconflict(无 指 长 期 的)战 争,战 斗 The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten ye
38、ars.conform 遵 照,适 应 confirm lo(或 with)the rules(the law)confront(使)面 临,(使)遭 遇 The war confronted him with hardships.confuse 使 混 乱,混 淆 He confused the arrangements by arriving late.connect 连 接,连 接 The bridge connects the island wilh(或 to)the mainland.conscious 意 识 至 lj 的,自 觉 地 They were conscious tha
39、t he disapproved.consent 同 意,赞 同,准 许 The people will never consent to another war.conserve 保 护,保 藏,保 存 conserve natural resourcesconsider 考 虑,细 想 Consider carefully before doing anything.consist 组 成,构 成(of)The house consists of six rooms.consolidate 巩 固,力 口 强 consolidate ones positionconspicuous 显 眼
40、 的,明 显 的,引 人 瞩 目 的 He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on a stage.constant 经 常 的,不 断 的 a constant noiseconstitute 组 成,构 成 constitute a threat to sb.consult 请 教,与.商 量 consult a doctor about ones illnessconsume 消 费,花 费:consume much of ones time in readingcontact 接 触,联 系,交 往:be in contact with sb
41、contain 包 括 溶 纳,a list containing twelve itemscontaminate 弄 脏,污 染,玷 污,毒 害:Fumes contaminate the aircontempt 轻 视,轻 蔑:show a contempt for sbcontest 竞 赛,比 赛,竞 争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the regioncontract 合 同,契 约:enter into(make)a contact withcontradict 反 酸,同.相 矛 盾,同.相 抵 触:
42、The facts contradict his theorycontrary 相 反 的,对 抗 的:take the contrary viewcontrast 对 照,对 比,(对 比 之 下 显 出 的)差 异:the contrast between the two forms of governmentcontribute 捐(款 等),捐 献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every paydaycontrive 设 计,想 Hl:contrive a new methodcontroversy(无 之 以 文 字 形 式 进 行
43、的 争 论),辨 证:a point of controversyconvention(正 式)会 议,(定 期)大 会:draft a new constitution at a conventionconvert 转 变,转 化:convert coal to(into)pipeline gasconvey 运 送,输 送,传 送:a wire conveys an electric currentconvict(经 审 讯)证 明.有 罪,宣 判 有 罪:He was convicted of smugglingcoordinate 调 节,协 调:coordinate the func
44、tions of government agenciescordial 热 情 友 好 的,执 诚 的,真 心 的:a cordial hello(smile,invitation)correspond 相 符 合 相 称(to,with):FulfiHment seldom corresponds to anticipationcorrespondent 通 信 者,通 讯 员,记 者:a good(bad)correspondentcorresponding 符 合 的,致 的:corresponding fingerprintscorrode(渐 渐)损 害,(一 点 一 点 地)损 伤
45、:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist between buyer and sellercorrupt.喻 皆 的,腐 败 的,贫 赃 舞 弊 曲:lead a corrupt lifecount 数 底 计 算:count the moneycourse 课 程,科 目:an English coursecourtesy谦 恭 有 礼。有 礼 的 举 止(或)言 辞:come in without courtesycredit 信 任,可 信 性:I have full credit in your ability to do the
46、 job。crucial 次 定 性 的,关 键 性 的:a crucial decisioncue 提 示,暗 号,信 号:throw cues to sbcultivate 耕 作,栽 培,养 殖:cultivate vegetablescure 治 愈,医 治:this medicine cured him of his painsocut 切,割,剪,砍,肖 ij;The Mayor cut the ribbon to open a trade exhibition.Ddawn 黎 明,拂 晓 work from dawn to darkdazzle(强 光 馨)使 目 眩,耀 眼:H
47、e was dazzled by his sudden success.deceive 欺 骗,蒙 蔽:deceive oneselfdecent 体 面 的,像 样 的:She didnt have a decent dress for the ball.decline 拒 绝,谢 绝:We sent him an invitation but he declined.decompose 分 角 帛,腐 烂,腐 败:decompose a compound into its elements.dedicate 奉 献,把。用 在(to):The doctor dedicated himsel
48、f to finding a cure.deduce 演 绎,推 论:From her conversation,I deduced that she had a large family.define 解 释,给。People define him as a genius.deform(使)变 形:Heat deforms plastic.defy 公 媒 违 抗,反 抗:He was going ahead defying all difficulties.degenerate 衰 退,堕 落,变 坏(into):Her eyesight degenerated with the year
49、s.deliberate 慎 重 的,深 思 熟 虑 的:The government is taking deliberate action to lower prices.delight 高 兴,快 乐:To the teachers great delight,all his students passed the examination.deliver 投 递,彳 专 送,运 输:deliver the maildemonstrate 论 证,证 明:demonstrate a philosophical principledenote 表 示,是。的 标 志,意 思 是:A frow
50、n often denotes displeasure.dense 稠 密 的,密 集 的:a dense forestdeposit 存 放:She deposited her bag in the cloakroom.depress 使 沮 丧,使 消 沉:That movie depressed me.deprive 剥 夺,使 丧 失:deprive sb.of his propertyderive 取 得,得 至 lj:He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father.descend 卜 来,下 降:Darkness d