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1、2022-2023学年高一下学期入学考试英语试题（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Whafs the weather like now?A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.2. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Clothes. B. Food. C. Tool
2、.3. Where is the man going?A. To the bank. B. To the hotel. C. To Oxford Street.4. What does the woman think of her new roommate?A. She is noisy. B. She is polite. C. She is proud.5. What can we learn about the woman?A. She was tired of hotels. B. She enjoyed traveling. C. She missed her home.第二节（共1
3、5小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why did the woman go to France?A. To visit some friends. B. To go sightseeing. C. To study business.7. Why didnt the woman visit many places?A. She was too
4、 busy. B. She doesnt like travelling. C. She didnt have much money.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Who is the woman?A. Annies roommate. B. Annies sister. C. The mans classmate.【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者认为在一个人人拥有智能手机和平板电脑的数字时代，仍然有必要去练汉字 的基本书写，建议学习书写1000个常见字。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Handwritten Chinese characters （文字）can be beautifu
5、l. I still remember looking at Chinese and not understanding anything it said and yet feeling a strong attraction. In fact, some students start learning Chinese because of the characters.（手写的汉字很漂亮。我还记得我曾经看着汉语，虽不懂是什么意 思，但却感受到强烈的吸引力。事实上，一些学生开始学习中文是因为汉字）”可推测，作者提到的开始学 中文的这些学生应该是外国学生，他们感受到了中国文字的吸引力，即汉字吸引
6、了一些外国人学习汉语。 故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段 “Living as we do in a digital era （数字时代）with smartphones and computers, most students sooner or later ask themselves this question: Is it really necessary to learn how to write by hand in Chinese? When using smartphones or computers, we can use phonetic input （语音输
7、入）systems, which choose the characters we want for us as long as we can remember how they are pronounced.（我们生活在个拥有智能手机 和电脑的数字时代，大多数学生迟早会问自己这个问题：学习手写中文真的有必要吗？当使用智能手机或 电脑时，我们可以使用语音输入系统，只要我们能记住它们的发音，就可以为我们选择我们想要的字符）” 可推测，人们认为有了智能电子产品，都可以使用语音输入，所以人们怀疑学习手写汉字的必要性。故选 C项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词所在句子及上文“But unl
8、ess you dont care about written language at all, you should learn the basics of handwriting. Without it, it will be very hard to understand characters. You dont need to be a calligraphy master （书法大师）,but you do need basic handwriting skills to do this.（但除非你根本不在乎书 面语言，否则你应该学习书写的基础知识。没有它，就很难理解文字。你不需要成
9、为一个书法大师，但你 确实需要基本的书法技巧来做到11亚）”可知，如果不学书写的基础知识，理解汉字是非常难的。所以需要 基本的书写技巧来理解汉字，所以this指代的是上文“to understand characters。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 uI think learning the most common 500 characters or so is a good idea for all students. If you actually want to write by hand, increase that to 1, 000. Then learn t
10、o handwrite characters outside of the 1, 000 most common on a need-to-know basis.（我认为学习最常见的500个字左右对所有学生来说都是 一个好主意。如果你真的想手写，那就增加到1000。然后学习手写1000个最常见的字符以外的字符）”可 知，作者认为数码时代学写汉字是很好的，很支持学习常用汉字的书写。故选c项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。New Years resolutions（决心）usually are
11、 like some of those promises that are meant to be broken. The word “New in the new year, puts a lot of pressure on starting over and turning a new leaf. But you must remember you cannot just become a different person overnight when the clock strikes 12.16. Instead of making resolutionsthat cause you
12、 stress, anxiety or more pain, set out this year by. Making resolutions that will encourage self-care.To start fresh this New Years Day, here are a few tips setting realistic new years, resolutions in order to avoid the burden of disappointment next year.Choose a very specific goalUnclear plans like
13、 lose weight” “exercise more or write more“ are goals with no teeth.They are unclear plans and desires, and are very easy to explain away due to how unclear they are. 17.Such goals with a certain task, are much more doable than unclear goals.18Once you have chosen your goals, make a very detailed pl
14、an of how you will reach that goal. Having a plan and a pathway can help you imagine your progress and wont make you impatient fbr immediate results. That way you will have already imagined what progress would look like for you in say, 3 months,5 months, 7 months or every day depending on your goals
15、.Get yourself a social groupIn todays social media world, it is easy to find a group of like-minded individuals interested in sharing your goal. Get yourself a social group like this. However, just as there is this bright side to having a social group, the problem is the pressure. Dont get consumed
16、by social media and what others are doing. 19Accept failure and forgive yourself.20. Accept this failure; own it and forgive yourself. Being hard on yourself will only do you moreharm, so instead learn from, what went wrong and instead of quitting the resolution at the end of next year, see it throu
17、gh until you reach your goal.A. Make a plan to reach that goalB. Be patient with your progressC. Instead, set goals like exercise 20 minutes every day or lose 15 poundsD. Despite all your efforts, it is possible that you might fail or make a mistake.E. Therefore, new years resolutions usually end up
18、 in failureF Change is a difficult process-the key words being “difficult and “process”G. Remember you have this group only for support, not for comparison【答案】16.F17. C 18. A 19. G 20. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述如何制定并有效完成新年计划。【16题详解】根据句前 “But you must remember you cannot just become a different person
19、overnight when the clock strikes 12.（但你必须记住，你不可能在时钟敲响12点的时候一夜之间就变成了另一个人）”可知，改变不是瞬 间就可以实现的，所以下句会与此衔接，表示改变会是一个缓慢或艰难的过程。选项F “Change is a difficult process-the key words being difficult and 46process,9（改变是一个艰难的过程，关键字是“困难”和“过程”）”符合句意，故选F。【17题详解】根据本段的段落主题“Choose a very specific goal （选择一个具体明确的目标）”可知，以及前句u
20、They are unclear plans and desires, and are very easy to explain away due to how unclear they are.（它们是不明确的计划和 愿望，很容易被解释掉，因为它们是那么不明确）”以及下句Such goals w汕a certain task, are much more doable than unclear goals.（这样带有特定任务的目标，比不明确的目标更可行）”可知，此设空处表示要设 定具体的目标，与前句形成对比，与后句形成呼应，选项C Instead, set goals like exerci
21、se 20 minutes every day or lose 15 pounds（相反，设定像“每天锻炼20分钟”或“减掉15磅”这样的目标）”符合句意， 故选C。【18题详解】分析整篇文章可知，此处需要选段落标题，根据下面对应段落中的“make a very detailed plan （制定一个详 细的计划）”及 “Having a plan and a pathway can help you imagine your progress and wont make you impatient for immediate results.（制定计划和路径可以帮助你想象自己的进步，也不会让
22、你急于求成）”可 知，本段主旨是建议大家制定一个相应的计划以此达到目标。选项A Make a plan to reach that goal （制定 一个相应的计划以此达到目标）”符合句意，故选A。【19题详解】根据前句 u However, just as there is this bright side to having a social group, the problem is the pressure. Dont get consumed by social media and what others are doing.（然而，加入社交群体有光明的一面一样，但是问题 是压力。不
23、要沉迷于社交媒体和别人在做什么）”可知，加入社交群体有正反两方面，并提出建议：“不 要沉迷于社交群体和别人在做什么”，因此下句会解释提出此建议的缘由，即“加入社交群体的目的是要获得支持或帮助，而不是比较”，选项 G uRemember you have this group only for support, not for comparison （记住，你有这个小组只是为了支持，而不是为了比较）”符合句意，故选G。【20题详解】根据段落标题Accept failure and forgive yourself （接受失败，原谅自己）”可知，本段主要讲述实现新年 计划的过程会困难重重，虽然你会
24、很努力，但失败是不可避免的，你也会因此而犯错。选项D Despite all your efforts, it is possible that you might fail or make a mistake.（尽管你尽 了全力，还是有可能失败或犯错 误）”符合句意，故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完型填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。Nixon, 59 years old, was born and grew up in St. Petersburg. Each morni
25、ng, he sits on a bench, watches the sunrise, and connects with21from all walks of life.Eight years ago, he decided to begin each day from a bench with an impressive view of the St. Petersburg waterfront （圣彼得堡海滨），because it made him feel calm and 22 before starting his day.About a year later, a woman
26、 stopped to say hello, and she said something that 23 Nixons view on his daily visit. She said, “Every morning when I see you sitting here, I know everything is going to be OK. Thats when Nixon 24 he needed to pay attention to the people walking past.Instead of staring straight ahead at the waterfro
27、nt, Nixon started 25 at people and talking to them. And pretty soon, some early risers began 26 him on the bench, sometimes sharing their pressure and asking him for advice about personal problems.No matter what problem a person wants to 27 Nixon lends an ear. One day, a couple came by to talk about
28、 their problems. The husband was always working. It was ruining their 28 Nixon told him, “You have to know whats really important. The man admitted hed put everything he had into his 29 for many years instead of focusing on his family. He started to cry and agreed that he needed to 30 J Nixon says,
29、“We hugged each other and became friends after that.”Nixon was always happy to listen, and he listens without 31 and without any kind of return expected. “You have to listen with an open heart, because you never know whos going to walk up J Nixon says. He is a loving and loyal 32 to many. For those
30、who walked past the bench, they were always 33 with a smile and asked how they were doing.No topic is off limits, but some people dont want to talk. They simply want to sit next to someone and sharethe 34, Once a woman stopped and just sat with Nixon for an hour; then she said thanks and walked away
31、.She just wanted a moment of peace and to know she wasnt 35And at that moment, she truly wasn21. A. teenagersB. relativesC. strangersD. neighbors22. A. peacefulB. excitedC. proudD. surprised23. A. formedB. changedC. developedD. supported24. A. agreedB. realizedC. imaginedD. remembered25. A. pointing
32、B. laughingC. shoutingD. smiling26. A. joiningB. noticingC. leavingD. praising27. A. airB. faceC. hearD. create28. A. fameB.successC. marriageD. privacy29. A. healthB. hobbiesC. kidsD.job30. A. give upB. calm downC.speak upD. slow down31. A. emotionB. considerationC. judgmentD. interest32. A. guideB
33、. teacherC. friendD. workmate33. A. huggedB. greetedC. competedD. satisfied34. A. secretsB. worriesC. happinessD. silence35.A. sadB. aloneC. stressedD. hopeless【答案】2LC 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D 31.C 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了 59岁的Nixon每天早上坐在长椅上和路过的行人打招呼，聊天
34、，带给了 大家快乐，然后成为朋友的故事。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，他坐在长椅上，看日出，与各行各业的陌生人交流。A. teenagers青 少年；B. relatives 亲戚；C. strangers 陌生人;D. neighbors 邻居。根据下文“from all walks of life （来自各行 各业的）”可知，这些来自各行各业的人应该只是他坐在长椅上见到的陌生人。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：八年前，他决定每天从一张可以看到圣彼得堡海滨美景的长椅开始，因为这 让他在开始一天的工作之前感到平静和安宁。A. peaceful平和的；B. ex
35、cited兴奋的；C.proud自豪的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文“calm”可知，Nixon在开始一天的工作前坐在长椅上感受平静和安宁。故选 A项。【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一年后，一位女士停下来打招呼，她说了些事情，这改变了尼克松对自己的 每日例行访问的看法。A. formed构成；B. changed改变；C.developed发展；D.supported支持。根据下文 “Thats when Nixon realized he needed to pay attention to the people walking past.（那个时候尼克松意识至lj
36、他需 要注意走过的人。）”可知，这位女士和他的互动使得他的长椅例行访问注意点发生改变，由感受这座城市 转为关注行人。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个时候尼克松意识到他需要注意走过的人。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到； C. imagined 想象； D. remembered 记起。 根据下文 uInstead of staring straight ahead at the waterfront, Nixon started smiling at people and talking to them.（尼克松没有再盯着海滨，而是开始对人们微笑并与他们
37、交谈。）” 可知，他之所以改变自己的行为，是因为他意识到了什么。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼克松没有再盯着海滨，而是开始对人们微笑并与他们交谈。A. pointing指出； B. laughing 大笑；C shouting 大喊；D. smiling 微笑。根据下文 And pretty soon, some early risers began joining him on the bench, sometimes sharing their pressure and asking him for advice about personal problems.（很快，
38、一 些早起的人开始和他一起坐在板凳上，有时分享他们的压力，并向他请教个人问题寻求建议。）”可知，尼 克斯逐渐和这些人建立起了良好关系，这说明他对他们很友好，因此可推测他朝着人们微笑。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，一些早起的人开始和他一起坐在板凳上，有时分享他们的压力，并向他 请教个人问题寻求建议。A. joining加入;B. noticing注意；Cleaving离开；D. praising表扬。根据下文最 后一段的“They simply want to sit next to someone （他们只是想要坐在某个人的旁边）”可知，这些人加入他 的行列，坐在长椅上
39、和他聊天。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管一个人想要公开的是什么问题，尼克松都会倾听。A. air使通风，使公开; B. face面对；C. hear听到；D. create创造。根据下文“Nixon was always happy to listen （尼克松总是很喜欢 倾听）”可知，文章反复提及他愿意倾听人们诉说的各种问题，而这个前提是人们愿意向他公开。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这正在毁掉他们的婚姻。A. fame名声；B. success成功；C. marriage婚姻；D. privacy 隐私。 根据下文 “The man admitted
40、 hed put everything he had into his job fbr many years instead of focusing on his family.（这个男人承认，多年来他把所有的精力都投入到工作中，而不是专注于家庭。）”可 知，只顾工作，不管家庭，可能毁掉的应该是家庭。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个男人承认，多年来他把所有的精力都投入到工作中，而不是专注于家庭。A. health 健康；B. hobbies 爱好；C. kids 孩子；D. job 工作；根据上文 uThe husband was always working.（丈夫总是在
41、工作。）”可知，这个男人把精力都投入在工作上了。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：“他开始哭，而且也赞同他需要放缓速度，”尼克松说：“我们互相拥抱，从 此之后成为了朋友。 A. give up放弃；B. calm down冷静下来；C.speak up明确表态；D. slow down放 缓。根据上文“The husband was always working.（丈夫总是在工作。）”可知,这个男人太忙于工作了,得 放缓速度，抽出时间来关注家人。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尼克松总是乐于倾听，他没有评价，也没有任何预期的回应。A. emotion情绪;B. c
42、onsideration 考虑；C. judgment 评价；D. interest 兴趣；根据下文 “without any kind of return expected （没 有任何预期的回应）”可知，尼克松做的只是单纯的倾听，不评价，不从自身出发回应。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:对很多人而言，他都是一个有爱的，忠诚的朋友。A. guide导游；B. teacher老 师；C. friend 朋友；D. workmate 同事。根据上文 “we hugged each other and became friends after that.（我们 互相拥抱，从此之后成
43、为了朋友。）”可知，尼克松和这些陌生人成为了朋友。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些走过长椅的人，他们总是面带微笑地打招呼，并问他们过得怎么样。A. hugged 拥抱;B. greeted 打招呼;C. competed 竞争;D. satisfied 使满意。根据下文 “with a smile and asked how they were doing （面带微笑，并问他们过得怎么样）”可知，这是尼克松和路过的行人之间的互 动，打招呼和交谈。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们只是想坐在某人旁边，并且共享这寂静。A. secrets秘密；B.worr
44、ies担 忧；C. happiness 幸福；D. silence 寂静。根据下文 “ Once a woman stopped and just sat with Nixon for an hour; then she said thanks and walked away.（有一次，一个女人停下来，和尼克松坐了一个小时；然后她说了声谢 谢就走了。）”可知，类似的情况下，两个人不说话保持沉默，那么可想而知很安静。故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她只是想要片刻的平和，并且想知道她自己并不孤单。A.sad悲伤的；B. alone 孤独的;C. stressed 紧张的;D. h
45、opeless 不抱希望的。根据下文 u And at that moment, she truly wasn9t. （那一刻，她确实不孤独。）”可知，她只是想知道自己并不孤单。故选B项。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 36 are cutting bac
46、k on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane 37 (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 38 (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more
47、chances to participate remotely, and 39(change) theirpersonal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sei, for example,40 (rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists 41(promise)to fly as little as possible since the effort s
48、tarted two years ago.Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 42 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 43 time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the44 (invite) . That approach brought Cobbs air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans45 (continue) the practice. It has been fairly rewarding. , she says, Ma really positive change/ 【答案】36. who#that37. is viewed#ha