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1、F Scott Fitzgerald(1896 1940)BorninSt.Paul,Minnesota1 1 Aspokesmanfortheso-calledJazz Age,settingapersonalaswellasliteraryexampleforagenerationwhosefirstcommandmentwas:Dowhatyouwill.HisnovelssuchasThe Great Gatsby(1925),Tender Is the Night(1934),andThe Last Tycoon(1941),amplify 详述themelancholyhedisc
2、overedbeneaththeglitter 灿烂ofAmerican-stylesuccess.2 2Jazz Age AperiodofU.S.historyinthe1920snotedforgeneralprosperity,financialspeculation 金融投机,Prohibition,theemergenceoforganizedcrime,thepopularityofjazzandtheopenpursuitpleasures.Itisanepithetappliedtotheeraofthe1920sintheU.S.,whosefrenetic（狂热的）you
3、thofthepostwarperiodwereconceivedasmorejuvenile（孩子气的）andhedonistic（享乐主义）thanthe“lostgeneration”.F.ScottFitzgeraldsTales of the Jazz Age(1922)wasaclassicrepresentationoftheperiod.3 3 Prohibition:Enactedin1919(andultimatelyrepealedin1933),thisamendmentmadeitillegalforanyonetomanufacture,sell,ortranspo
4、rtliquorofanysort.4 4CharactersJayGatsbyrags-to-richessuccessstorymakeshimanembodimentoftheAmericandream,idealistic,nave,DaisyBuchannanTomBuchannanNickCarraway5 5NarratorNickCarraway:bothasacharacterandthenarratorAsacharacter,heis“within”,involvinghimselfintheactionsofthestory.Asanarrator,heisstandi
5、ngawayfromthestoryandabletogiveanobjectivepresentationtotheeventsandcharactersofthenovel.How?6 6Questions(chapter3)HowareGatsbysparties?Whatdotheyshow?Whoarehispartyguests?Whatdotheydoornotdointheparities?Whatdoesthisshow?WhatinformationdoyougetaboutGatsbyhimself?WhatistherelationshipbetweenGatsbyan
6、dhisguests?AretheredifferencesbetweenNickandotherguests?7 7Whyisthemanwithowl-eyedspectaclesimpressedwiththefactthatthebooksinthelibrariesarereal?Whatdoesheexpect?Whatdoesthefactthathehasbeendrunkforoneweekindicate?Howdoyouunderstandthis?“Iwasenjoyingmyselfnow.Ihadtakentwofinger-bowlofchampagne,andt
7、hescenehadchangedbeforemyeyesintosomethingsignificant,elemental,andprofound.”8 8大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流可以互相讨论下，但要小声点 可以互相讨论下，但要小声点9 9 throughthehaze 薄雾ofalcohol,itseemstobecomesteeped 使充满inmeaning.Fitzgeraldofferscandid 率直的commentaryintolifeintheJazzAge.Heisofferingharshsocialcriticism,bysuggestingthatthe on
8、ly way in which a sense of meaning is to be found in this time is through altering ones sense of consciousness.Throughthepartying,peoplewereabletobringmeaning(regardlessofthefactitmaybefalsemeaning)intotheirotherwisemeaninglesslives.Forthem,drinkingwasanescape,allowingthemtoexitthemundane 平凡的worldan
9、dtakepartinsomethingbigger,somethingmoremeaningful.10 10“Itwasoneofthoseraresmileswithaqualityofeternalreassurance.thatyoumaycomeacrossfourorfivetimesinlife.Hissmile,Nickasserts,believedinyouasyouwouldliketobelieveinyourself,andassuredyouthatithadpreciselytheimpressionofyouthat,atyourbest,youhopedto
10、convey.elaborateformalityofspeechpickinghiswordswithcare.”Indication?a well-crafted appearance.11 11 PartofFitzgeraldsstrengthasawritercomesfromhisimagisticstyle.Hiswritingisverysensory 感观-oriented.Whatexamplesofsensory-orientedimagery(sight,taste,touch,smell,sound)canyoufindinchapter3?Whatkindofatm
11、ospheredothesedetailshelpcreate?Howdotheyaffectyouasareader?12 12Fitzgerald,GatsbyandNick IfGatsbyrepresentsonepartofFitzgeraldspersonality,theflashy 俗丽的celebritywhopursuedandglorifiedwealthinordertoimpressthewomanheloved,thenNickrepresentsanotherpart:thequiet,reflectiveMidwesterneradriftinthelurid
12、可怕的East.13 13ThemeAmericandreamisanIllusionThelifeGatsbyhascreatedforhimselfisanillusion.Thename:“the Great Gatsby”suggeststhesortofvaudeville 杂耍billingthatwouldhavebeengiventoanacrobat,anescapeartist,oramagicianillusion.Daisyashisdream,hissuccessunworthy,shallow,immoralillusion.Theaffluentpartiesar
13、eshallow,materialistic,emptyillusion14 14 Thestoryisaboutthedecayedsocialandmoralvalues,evidencedinitsoverarching 支配一切的cynicism,greed,andemptypursuitofpleasure.Therecklessjubilance 欢呼thatledtodecadent 颓废的partiesandwildjazzmusicepitomized 成为的缩影inThe Great Gatsbybytheopulent 奢华partiesthatGatsbythrowseverySaturdaynightresultedultimatelyinthecorruptionoftheAmericandream,astheunrestraineddesireformoneyandpleasuresurpassedmorenoblegoals.15 15