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1、中秋佳节情深意浓中秋起源中秋习俗中秋故事中秋诗句中秋起源中秋起源中秋佳节中秋节,又称月夕、秋节、仲秋节、八月节、八月会、追月节、玩月节、拜月节、女儿节或团圆节,是流行于中国众多民族与汉字文化圈诸国的传统文化节日,时在农历八月十五;因其恰值三秋之半,故名,也有些地方将中秋节定在八月十六。中秋起源中秋起源中秋节始于唐朝初年,盛行于宋朝,至明清时,已成为与春节齐名的中国传统节日之一。受中华文化的影响,中秋节也是东亚和东南亚一些国家尤其是当地的华人华侨的传统节日。中秋起源中秋别称中秋节有许多别称:因节期在八月十五,所以称“八月节”、“八月半”;因中秋节的主要活动都是围绕“月”进行的,所以又俗称“月节”
2、“月夕”;中秋节月亮圆满,象征团圆,因而又叫“团圆节”。在唐朝,中秋节还被称为“端正月”。中秋习俗中秋习俗观潮在古代,浙江一带除中秋赏月外,观潮可谓是又一中秋盛事。中秋观潮的风俗由来已久,早在汉代枚乘的七发赋中就有了相当详尽的记述。汉以后,中秋观潮之风更盛。明朱廷焕增补武林旧事和宋吴自牧梦粱录也有观潮记载。中秋习俗赏月礼记早有记载“秋暮夕月”,意为拜祭月神,逢此时则要举行迎寒和祭月,设香案。到了周代,每逢中秋夜都要举行迎寒和祭月。设大香案,摆上月饼、西瓜、苹果、红枣、李子、葡萄等祭品,其中月饼和西瓜是绝对不能少的,西瓜还要切成莲花状。在月下,将月亮神像放在月亮的那个方向,红烛高燃,全家人依次拜
3、祭月亮,然后由当家主妇切开团圆月饼。中秋习俗猜谜中秋月圆夜在公共场所挂着许多灯笼,人们都聚集在一起,猜灯笼身上写的谜语,因为是大多数年轻男女喜爱的活动,同时在这些活动上也传出爱情佳话,因此中秋猜灯谜也被衍生了一种男女相恋的形式。中秋习俗 燃灯中秋之夜,有燃灯以助月色的风俗。如今湖广一带仍有用瓦片叠塔于塔上燃灯的节俗。江南一带则有制灯船的节俗。近代中秋燃灯之俗更盛。今人周云锦、何湘妃闲情试说时节事一文说:“广东张灯最盛,各家于节前十几天,就用竹条扎灯笼。做果品、鸟兽、鱼虫形及庆贺中秋等字样,上糊色纸绘各种颜色。中秋夜灯内燃烛用绳系于竹竿上,高竖于瓦檐或露台上,或用小灯砌成字形或种种形状,挂于家屋
4、高处,俗称树中秋或竖中秋。富贵之家所悬之灯,高可数丈,家人聚于灯下欢饮为乐,平常百姓则竖一旗杆,灯笼两个,也自取其乐。满城灯火不啻琉璃世界。”看来从古至今中秋燃灯之俗其规模似乎仅次于元宵灯节。中秋习俗 吃月饼话说:“八月十五月正圆,中秋月饼香又甜”。月饼一词,源于南宋吴自牧的梦梁录,那时仅是一种点心食品。到后来人们逐渐把赏月与月饼结合在一起,寓意家人团圆,寄托思念。同时,月饼也是中秋时节朋友间用来联络感情的重要礼物。中秋习俗 玩花灯早在北宋武林旧事中,记载中秋夜节俗,就有将“一点红”灯放入江中漂流玩耍的活动。中秋玩花灯,多集中在南方。如佛山秋色会上,就有各种各式的彩灯:芝麻灯、蛋壳灯、刨花灯、
5、稻草灯、鱼鳞灯、谷壳灯、瓜籽灯及鸟兽花树灯等。中秋故事中秋故事嫦娥奔月相传,嫦娥偷吃了丈夫后羿从西王母那儿讨来的不死之药后,飞到月宫。但琼楼玉宇,高处不胜寒,所谓“嫦娥应悔偷灵药,碧海青天夜夜心”,正是她倍感孤寂之心情的写照。后来,嫦娥向丈夫倾诉懊悔说:“明天乃月圆之候,你用面粉作丸,团团如圆月形状,放在屋子的西北方向,然后再连续呼唤我的名字。三更时分,我就可以回家来了。”翌日,照妻子的吩咐去做,届时嫦娥果由月中飞来,夫妻重圆。中秋节做月饼供嫦娥的风俗,也是由此形成。中秋故事吴刚伐桂相传月宫里有一个人叫吴刚,是汉朝西河人,曾跟随仙人修道,到了天界,但是他犯了错误,仙人把他贬谪到月宫,每天都砍伐
6、月宫前的桂树,以示惩处。这棵桂树生长繁茂,有五百多丈高,每次砍下去之后,被砍的地方又会立即合拢。李白在赠崔司户文昆季一诗中写道:“欲斫月中桂,持为寒者薪”。中秋故事玉兔捣药嫦娥身边有只玉兔。据说嫦娥身体变轻,开始升空时,惶恐中抱起了一直喂养的白兔。白兔便随她一起上了月亮。玉兔在月宫有一只捣药杵,夜晚在药臼中捣制长生不老的灵药。这个神话传到日本后,变成了玉兔在捣年糕。中秋故事月下独酌诗人李白写自己在花间月下独酌的情景。“对影成三人”句构思奇妙,诗人上场时,背景是花间,道具是一壶酒,登场角色只是他自己一个人,动作是独酌,加上“无相亲”三个字,场面单调得很。于是诗人忽发奇想,把天边的明月,和月光下自
7、己的影子,拉了过来,连自己在内,化成了三个人,举杯共酌,冷清清的场面,就热闹起来了。中秋诗句中秋诗句 望月怀远海上生明月,天涯共此时。情人怨遥夜,竟夕起相思。灭烛怜光满,披衣觉露滋。不堪盈手赠,还寝梦佳期。唐张九龄中秋诗句 绮 怀几回花下坐吹箫,银汉红墙入望遥。似此星辰非昨夜,为谁风露立中宵。缠绵思尽抽残茧,宛转心伤剥后蕉。三五年时三五月,可怜杯酒不曾消。清黄 景 仁中秋诗句 月夜今夜鄜州月,闺中只独看。遥怜小儿女,未解忆长安。香雾云鬟湿,清辉玉臂寒。何时倚虚幌,双照泪痕干。唐杜甫中秋诗句十五夜望月中 庭 地 白 树 栖 鸦,冷 露 无 声 湿 桂 花。今 夜 月 明 人 尽 望,不知秋思落谁
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