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1、Unit 4Space Exploration Reading for WritingChinas first astronaut:Yang LiweiThe first Chinese woman to reach space:Liu YangHow much money has China spent on its space program?However.The earth is still facing poverty,pollution,disease,hunger.povertyhungerpollution diseaseIs exploring space a waste o
2、f time and money?Why?1.What genre is this article?（题材）2.What is the issue(议题)?Its an argumentative essay.Is exploring space a waste or not?Tip 1:Topic sentence is usually the first or the last sentence.Pick out the topic sentence of each paragraph.Para1Para2Para3Para4 Para5Firstly Firstly,exploring
3、space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.Secondly Secondly,space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all.Finally Finally,sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the worlds problems and even to find ways to so
4、lve them.Some people argue that we should stop.However,others feel this is a shallow view.In closing In closing,exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.Introduction Body Conclusion Different pointsRead for structure Evidence 1Evidence 2Evidence 3To summarize the argument To r
5、epeat the point Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions,whether to Mars or other planets much further away.Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.Instead,we should feed the worlds poor and find immed
6、iate solutions to other problems,such as pollution and fatal diseases.However,others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realize how exploring space helps us.PointIntroduce the topicDifferent points在 花费金钱或时间无论更远的 的解决办法 Firstly,exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against
7、 world hunger.It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth.A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns.Then the data is transmitted to scientists on Earth.After careful analysis,the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers.A
8、s a result,Space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earths increasing population.Evidence 1How does it help to fight against world hunger?Supporting details导致传输到结果持续增长的人口Evidence 2 Secondly,space exploration has already promoted technological improvements tha
9、t benefit us all.High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration.For example,space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material.They
10、have also helpedcompanies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use.Today,space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries,and everyday products such as memory foam pillows,and smartphone cameras are changing our lives.What kind of technological improvemen
11、ts do we have now?Supporting details 推动科技进步满足 的要求广泛使用Evidence 3 Finally,sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the worlds problems and even to find ways to solve them.Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that out planets resources are
12、limited.In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population,scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home.The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth.In the future,humans may live on both planets.1.What are the problems of our
13、planet?2.What are the ways to solve them?Supporting details finding other planet to live on In closing,exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.Therefore,it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to peoples short-term and long-term problems.PointTo summarize
14、 the argument To repeat the point最后为了Introduction Main body Main body Main body Conclusion The structure of the passage isgeneral-particular-general(总-分-总）However Firstly Secondly Finally In closingThe author used many transitional words to develop in every paragraphs.What are they?Tip2:To make our
15、article more logical,we should use some linking words.（连词）Language features of an argument体裁：议论文人称：第三人称、第一人称时态：一般现在时为主要点：分论点1+细节 分论点2+细节 分论点3+细节 结论：引出话题简洁、清晰、明确1.There is a widespread concern over the issue that+主题 人们普遍担忧关于的问题2.Nowadays,主题 is becoming increasingly popular/serious.现在，变得越来越流行/严重3.With
16、 the development of,more and more people choose to do+主题随着的发展，越来越多的人选择做阐明观点 人们对此有不同看法。The opinions concerning this hot topic vary from person to person.People take different attitudes towards/hold different opinions on this problem/this issue.人们认为Some/Most hold the opinion that.一些/大多数认为Some/Most are
17、 in favor of the idea that.一些/大多数赞成的观点People who are for/against the idea think that.支持/反对这个想法的人认为Some people hold the view that.while others argue that.有些人认为 而另一些人认为 引出话题如何过渡From their/my point of view,there are three factors contributing to this attitude/problem,which are as follows.在我看来，导致这种态度/这个
18、问题的原因有三个，具体如下。It can be illustrated from the following points.可以从以下几点解释。It turns out beneficial/harmful from the following aspects.从以下几方面来说，它是有益的/有害的。如何衔接论据？表示递进关系：In the first place;first of all;to begin with;firstlywhats more;furthermore;moreover;besides;whats worse;to make matters worse;worse sti
19、ll 表示列举事实：such as;for example/instance;take.for example;表示解释：that is to say;in other words 表示观点：in ones opinion,in ones view,from ones point of view,as far as I am concerned,as for sb,personally 如何增加支撑性细节 事实细节列举具体的实例；补充相关信息I like reading books.I like reading books,such as novels,short stories,magazi
20、nes and newspapers.Id like to seek a pen pal who is interested in traveling just like me.Id like to seek a pen pal who is interested in traveling just like me.If possible,we can travel together or share traveling experiences.如何增加支撑性细节 逻辑细节补充条件、原因、结果、目的等逻辑性内容First,it is important to take a Chinese co
21、urse.First,it is important to take a Chinese course,as youll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students.I am planning to take a part-time job in a foreign capital company.In order to get some practical experience,I am planning to take a part-time job in a foreign capita
22、l company.如何增加支撑性细节 数据细节罗列相关数据Students took an active part in the writing competition.Students took an active part in the writing competition.Totally 758 students submitted their works and 100 of them won a prize because of their creative minds and expressive words.引用引用谚语或名人名言，增加说服力和可读性I firmly beli
23、eve that you will succeed.Chance favors the prepared mind.I firmly believe that you will succeed as long as you spare no effort for it.重申观点 表示总结：in short;in brief;in conclusion;in a/one word;to sum up;all in all;on the whole;in general 增强语气：Theres no doubt thatTheres no denying that 双重否定 Never/By no
24、 means can/should we do假 定 你 是 李 华，最 近 你 班 举 行 了 一 次 班 会，班 会 的 主 题 是：太 空 探 索 的意 义。请 结 合 下 表 内 容，用 英 语 给 校 报 写 一 篇 短 文，客 观 地 介 绍 讨 论 的 情 况并表达你自己的观点。赞同者 反对者1获得新的知识；2从太空取得新资源；3扩大人类的生存空间。1耗资巨大；2宇航员的安全问题。注意：1 词数80 左右；2 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。导入主题在前几天的班会上，我们对是否有必要进行外太空的探索进行了讨论。阐述正方观点1.获得新知识；2.从太空取得新资源；3.扩大人类未来的生
25、存空间。你的观点agree or disagree?Reason?Structure阐述反方观点1.耗资巨大；2.宇航员的安全问题。导入主题在前几天的班会上，我们进行了讨论，认为进行太空探索是必要的。Structure在前几天的班会上，我们对是否有必要进行外太空的探索进行了讨论。We had an argument over whether its necessary to carry out the outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day Different students have different attit
26、udes towards it.阐述正方观点1.获得新知识；2.从太空取得新资源；3.扩大人类未来的生存空间。Structure我们中的一些人认为研究外太空很重要。首先，人们可以通过探索更好地了解外层空间。Some of us think its important to research the outer space.First of all，people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration.其次，在那里可以为人类找到新的资源。Secondly，new resources c
27、an be found there for human being.第三，这种探索可能在不久的将来为人类生活带来新的生存空间。Thirdly，this exploration can possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near future.Structure阐述反方观点1.耗资巨大；2.宇航员的安全问题。他们认为这种探索需要花很多钱，这是不值得的。此外，宇航员在外太空做这样的工作是非常危险的。They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind o
28、f exploration，which is not worth the value.Besides，it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work in the outer space.然而，其他人则对此强烈反对。However，others are strongly against it.你的观点agree or disagree?Reason?Structure在我看来，人们应该具有开拓性（pioneering），因此，这种对外层空间的探索是值得尝试的。In my opinion，people should be pioneerin
29、g，and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day.Different students have different attitudes towards it.Some of us think its important to research the out
30、er space.First of all，people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration.Secondly，new resources can be found there for human being.Thirdly，this exploration can possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near future.However,others are strongly against it.They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration，which is not worth the value.Besides，it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work in the outer space.In my opinion，people should be pioneering，and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.