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1、Unit 21 Body language.重要单词聚焦1 adj.不公正的；不公平的2 vt.避免；消除3 adj.&adv.在前；向前；提前4 vt.折叠；合拢；抱住5 adj.疯狂的；狂热的；(建筑等)不安全的6 vt.&vi.分开；分离7 n.握手unfairavoidaheadfoldcrazyparthandshake 8 n.怒；愤怒9 vi.发生；出现10 adj.具体的；特有的11 n.顾客；主顾12 vt.&vi.做成(某事)；管理；经营13 vt.改变；使多样化vi.变化；不同14 adj.(指动作)稳定而有力的；牢固的angeroccurspecificcustomer
2、managevaryfirm 15 vt.&vi.弯曲；专心于；屈服16 adv.轻轻地；温柔地17.adj.无用的，无效的18 n.(兴趣活动等的)中心；焦点bendgently uselessfocus.重点短语扫描1 在之前；胜过；超过2 给某人帮助3 通过；度过；到达4 弄倒某物；拆除某物5 举起；拿起；举出6 按顺序；整齐ahead of give sb.a hand get through tear down hold up in order 7 与交流8 摇头9 至于，关于10 停放，依靠，寄托communicate with shake one s head as to res
3、t on.课文原句突破1然而在巴西和德国，这种手势是粗鲁的。In Brazil and Germany，_，the gesture is rude.答案：however2尽管对于身势语的解释五花八门，但某些手势似乎是全球通用的。_there are many different interpretations of our body language，some gestures seem to be universal.答案：while3双手合十，把头贴在手背上，同时闭上双眼好像睡着的样子，意思是“我累了”。Pressing one s palms together and resting o
4、ne s head on the back of one s hand while closing the eyes_ _sleeping means“I am tired”答案：as if4如果我们情绪低落或感到孤独，那么没有比看到好友的笑脸更好的了。And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is_ _ _to see the smiling face of a good friend.答案：nothing better than5在哪些场合我们需要非常注意我们的身势语和姿势？What are some situations _ we need t
5、o be very careful about our body language and gestures?答案：whereavoid vt.逃避；避免；回避教材原句P58：avoiding eye contactIn order to avoid the heavy traffic on the roads，I set out ten minutes earlier every morning.为了避免遇到交通高峰期，我每天早上早出发十分钟。Children quickly learned how to avoid punishment/being punished.孩子们很快就学会了如何
6、逃避惩罚。I tried to avoid answering his questions.我设法避免回答他的问题。后跟动名词作宾语的动词很多，可用下列方式记忆：避免错过少延期(avoid miss put off/postpone)建议完成多练习(suggest finish practise)喜欢想像禁不住(enjoy imagine cant help)承认否定与嫉妒(admit deny envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape risk excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand keepmind)Faced with the financial crisis，none of us ar
7、e willing to risk losing our jobs.面临这场金融危机，我们没有一个愿意去冒失去工作的危险。1.David stole into the classroom by the back door to avoid_by our teacher standing by the window.A to see B seeingC having seen D being seen解析：avoid doing避免，根据题意“他避免被老师看见”，所以应用v.ing形式的被动语态。答案：D2(2011 杭州检测二)If your car isn t insured，you may
8、_losing everything when it hits something solid.A delay B denyC avoid D risk解析：该题考查动词。A.耽搁；B.否认；C.避免；D.冒险。如果你不给你的车入保险，那么，当你的车发生碰撞后，你可能会冒失去一切的危险。答案：Dmanage vt.&vi.做成(某事)；管理；经营教材原句P58：No，thanks.I can manage it myself.(1)manage a school/factory/company 经营一所学校/工厂/公司manage to do sth.设法做成某事be badly manage
9、d 经营不善(2)management n 管理，经营manager n 负责人，经理In spite of her anger，she managed not to lose her temper.她尽管很生气，还是忍着没有发脾气。It is not easy to manage such a large hotel.管理这么一家大旅馆可不容易。You need to learn to manage your time more effectively.你需要学会如何有效地利用时间。But for your help，they couldn t have managed it.没有你们的帮助
10、，他们是干不成的。辨析：manage to do sth.与try to do sth.(1)manage to do sth.意为“设法完成”，表示经过努力达到了目的。Though we left home very late，we managed to catch the last bus.尽管我们出门很晚，但我们赶上了末班车。(2)try to do sth.表示“尽力去做某事”，不包含是否成功的意思。He tried to stop a car but he failed.他设法要拦一辆车，但没拦住。3.He_to escape from the prison，but he could
11、n t find anybody to help him.A succeeded B attemptedC advised D managed解析：succeed 后不接不定式作宾语，advise doing sth.建议做某事；manage to do sth.成功做成某事，与题意不符。答案：B4The earthquake survivor，who was an old lady of more than eighty，_to live without food and water for nearly two weeks and was helped out in the end.A k
12、ept B triedC Managed D succeeded答案：C5Can I help you with that heavy box?No，thanks._.A I can do it myself B I can make it myselfC I can manage it myself D I can carry it myself答案：C6Though he was badly hurt，the driver_to get out of the car and_help.A managed；got Bmanaged；getC tried；got D tried；get解析：由
13、连词though可知，司机应该是从车中爬出来，强调结果用manage to do sth.；第二空与第一空是用and连接的并列结构，时态要一致，用过去时。答案：Acrazy adj.疯狂的，着迷的教材原句P59：The“crazy”gesture，moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear，means“you have a phone call”in Brazil.The boy has grown crazy about football.那孩子越来越痴迷于足球。The young man worked like crazy
14、 so that he could forget the sadness of losing his close friend.这年轻人发疯似地工作，以此来忘记失去密友的痛苦。It is crazy of you to buy the car at such a high price.居然花那么高的价钱去买这辆车，你真是疯了。He went crazy with fear.他因害怕而变得疯狂。7.The girl is_about dancing.She believes she can become a good dancer some day.A crazy B fondC interes
15、ted D devoted解析：be crazy about对狂热，热爱，迷上。答案：Aoccur vi.发生；出现；(某事)被想到；(某种想法)浮现在脑海中教材原句P63：Put numbers next to all the things in the order they occur.The possibility that she might be wrong never occurred to her.她压根没想到自己可能会错。I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident occu
16、rred.我正沿街寻找停车点时，突然发生了事故。When Babbage was working at Cambridge，a new idea occurred to him.在剑桥工作时，巴比奇想到了一个新主意。It occurred to her that she should adopt the homeless child.她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。8.Why are you so late?I was in half the way when it_to me that I had left my notebook home，so I had to fetch it.
17、A occurred B hitC happened D reminded解析：答语意为：走到半路时，我突然想起我把笔记本忘在家里了，因此我不得不回去取。It occurred to sb.为一固定句型，意为“某人突然想起”。答案：A9完成句子I didn t know what to do，but then_(我忽然想起一个主意)答案：an idea suddenly occurred to/hit mefocus n(兴趣、活动等)中心；焦点教材原句P63：Think about the purpose and focus of your story.The unattended chil
18、dren in villages has been the main focus of attention by the media.农村留守儿童已经成为媒体关注的焦点。They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃免受病害。The film helps people focus their attention on the living conditions of those living in the slums in India.这部电影帮助人们去关注生活在印度贫民窟中的人们的生活状况。All
19、her energies are focused upon her children.她全部精力都倾注到了孩子们身上。10.When he stood before the crowd，he felt uneasy with all the eyes_him.A focusing on B focused onC focused with D focusing with答案：B11 Most of us know we should cut down on fat，but knowing such things isn t much help when it_shopping and eati
20、ng.A refers to B speaks ofC focuses on D comes to答案：D12Public attention at the moment is_on the problem of industrial relations.A called B paidC focused D put解析：考查词义辨析。句意为：目前公众的注意力集中在工业问题上。答案：Cahead of 在之前；比别人做得好；提前教材原句P58：Somebody is late for a flight and wants to go ahead of the queue.The twins ar
21、e ahead of the other students in their class.这对双胞胎的成绩在他们班是遥遥领先。You should make a plan for your study ahead of time.你应该提前制定一个学习计划。May I use your pen？我可以用一下你的钢笔吗？Yes，go ahead.行，用吧。However，the government is planning to go ahead with the building next year.然而，政府却计划明年就着手建造。13.May I open the window to let
22、 in some fresh air?_.A Come on!B Take care!C Go ahead!D Hold on!解析：句意为：我可以开窗进点新鲜空气吗？开吧！Go ahead干吧，用吧，符合语境，故C项正确。答案：Cget through 通过；度过；到达；完成；接通(电话)教材原句P60：A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.I have tried to phone him several times，but couldn t
23、 get through.我设法给他打了几次电话，但就是打不通。The woman was so fat that she couldn t get through the doorway.这女人胖得连门都通不过。They had got through most of the work before the manager came back.在经理回来之前他们已经把大部分工作都完成了。With their house destroyed in the earthquake，the family didn t know how to get through the bitter winter
24、.由于房子已经在地震中毁掉了，这一家人不知道如何度过这个寒冷的冬天。I was in a meeting and couldn t find an excuse to get away.我正在开会，找不到脱身离开的理由。14.(2009全国)I tried phoning her office，but I couldn t_.A get along B get onC get to D get through解析：考查动词搭配辨析。句意为：我试着拔了她办公室电话，但是打不通。get along前进，进展；get on上(车、马等)；get to到达；get through打通电话。答案：Dho
25、ld up 举起；拿起；阻滞；提出某人(事物)作为范例教材原句P61：hold up one s head 抬起头The boy held the picture up so that we can see it clearly.男孩将画举起来以便我们都能看清楚。We were held up on our way to the airport in a traffic jam.我们在前往机场的路上因为堵车而延误了。She is always holding up her children as models of behaviour.她总标榜自己的子女是良好品行的榜样。Could you h
26、old on？I ll just see if the manager s in.你不要挂断电话好吗？我去看一看经理在不在。The boss was unable to hold back his anger any longer.老板再也抑制不住怒火了。15.What a pity！I missed meeting my boss at the airport because my car was_in the traffic jam.A broken up B kept backC held up D kept up解析：句意为“真可惜，我没有在飞机场见到我的老板，因为被交通堵塞耽误了”。
27、答案：C16(2008年江苏卷)Is Peter there?_，please.I ll see if I can find him for you.A Hold up B Hold onC Hold out D Hold off解析：句意为：是彼得吗？请稍等，我帮你去找找他。本题是电话用语。Hold on别挂，等会儿，等等，坚持；Hold up 耽搁，支撑；Hold out维持，持续；Hold off拖延，推迟。答案：B17Why are you so late?Bad luck.A car accident took place far outside the town，and so we
28、 were_on the way.A stopped B keptC held up D prevented答案：C(P60)And if we are feeling downor lonely，there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.如果我们情绪低落或感到孤独，那么没有什么比看到好友的笑脸更好的了。(1)There is nothing better than to do sth.是一句型，意为“没有比做某事再好的了，没有什么能强过”。There is nothing better than
29、 to have a hot bath after a whole day s work.没有什么比工作一天后洗个热水澡再好的了。There is nothing better than to help yourself to a cold drink in hot summer.没有什么强过在炎热的夏天喝杯冷饮料的了。(2)down 此处是形容词，意为气馁的，沮丧的；虚弱的。He is badly down；we d better have a heart to heart talk with him.他情绪很不好，我们最好跟他谈谈心。He looks down.I think he mus
30、t be tired.他显得很虚弱，我想他准是太劳累了。18.(全国卷)When you are lost，there is nothing_than to stay where you are，waiting for help.A more B betterC worse D rather解析：There is nothing better than to do sth.是固定句式，意为最好做某事；没有比再好了。句意为：“当你迷路的时候，最好的方式就是待在原处不动，等待援助。”答案：B(P60)What are some situations where we need to be very
31、 careful about our body language and gestures?在哪些场合我们需要非常注意我们的身势语和姿势？句中where 引导的是定语从句，相当于in which，因为situation 与介词in 搭配。当先行词为case，point，situation 时，常用where 引导定语从句。He has reached the point where a change is needed.他到了必须改一改的地步。We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.我们在这种处境下可能会损失大量金
32、钱。Can you think of a situation where this word can be used?你能想出能使用这个单词的语境吗？19.(福建高考)It s helpful to put children in a situation_they can see themselves differently.A that B whenC which D where解析：句意为：把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。本题考查定语从句，先行词是situation，代入定语从句后为：They can see themselves differently i
33、n the situation.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词；而when表“时间”，不合本题要求，只有where符合本题要求。答案：D20(浙江高考)I have reached a point in my life_I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A which B whereC how D why解析：句意为：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。where引导定语从句修饰先行词point。答案：B.品句填词1Andrea still feels a lot of_(愤怒)towards her mom，who le
34、ft when she was a little girl.答案：anger2The money is to be used for one_(具体的)purpose：the building of the new theatre.答案：specific3Having finished the writing，the little boy_(折叠)the letter in half carefully and put it in an envelope.答案：folded4The hotel rooms_(不同)in size，but all of them have televisions
35、 and telephones.答案：vary5You re_(疯狂的)to lend him all that money you ll never get it back.答案：crazy6It s too dangerous！Make sure the ladder is_(牢固的)before you start to climb next time.答案：firm.巧思妙解1.(陕西高考)Today，we ll discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.A wh
36、ich B asC why D where解析：本题考查定语从句。定语从句中有些特例，那就是case，point，situation等词作定语从句的先行词，若定语从句缺状语，则用where引导。此处先行词为cases，后面定语从句缺少状语，故选where。答案：D2(江西高考)After graduation she reached a point in her career_she needed to decide what to do.A that B whatC which D where解析：句意为：毕业后她走到了一个要由她决定做什么的人生转折点。a point在本句中作定语从句的先行
37、词，表地点/时间。定语从句中不使用what充当关系词，故排除B项。a point需在从句中充当地点状语，故排除A、C两项。答案：D3Now there is just one point _ I wish you to make clear.A where B thatC whether D when解析：make sth.clear使清楚。that引导定语从句，在从句中作宾 语。答案：B4.(山东高考)We re just trying to reach a point_both sides will sit down together and talk.A where B thatC wh
38、en D which解析：point在该句中为先行词，且在从句中作状语使用，故用where引导定语从句。该句意为：我们努力达到双方愿意坐下来谈判的地步。答案：A.语法专练本单元语法动词ing作主语、宾语和表语1(2011 西安八校联考)If the babysitter cannot come tomorrow，do you mind_alone at home，doing his homework?A Fred s leaving B Fred being leftC Fred s having left D Fred having been left解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果明天保
39、姆不能来的话，你介意把Fred一个人留在家里做作业吗？在would/do you mind之后通常接动名词的复合结构，即在动名词之前加上物主代词/名词的所有格来表明动名词动作的发出者。当动名词的复合结构作宾语时可用宾格代词或名词的普通格代替物主代词或名词的所有格。Fred being left符合动名词复合结构的构成方法，而且用一般式表示该动作尚未发生。答案：B2(2011 金丽衢十二校联考)_by his grandparents in the countryside，he isn t accustomed to_in the city.A Having brought up；live B
40、Grown up；livingC Growing up；live D Brought up；living解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“因为他被祖父母在乡下抚养长大，所以不习惯城市的生活”。bring up与he之间在逻辑上是动宾关系，故此处用过去分词形式。be accustomed to习惯于，to是介词，后面要用动名词、名词或代词。答案：D3(2011 潍坊检测)_in a famous university is what most students wish for.A To educate B EducatedC Being educated DEducating解析：非谓语动词的用法
41、。该结构的逻辑主语是下文中的“most students”，所以应用被动形式，故排除A、D；由句子结构分析，空格部分在句子中作主语，故只能选C。答案：C4(2010上海卷)I had great difficulty_the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.A find B foundC to find D finding解析：句意为：在那个餐馆，我很难从菜单上找到合适的食物。have difficulty/trouble/problems(in)doing(做有困难)是固定搭配，所以选D项。答案：D5(2011 合肥教学检测)The interview he paid little attention to_him the chance to work in this company.A being cost B be costC costing D cost解析：interview后省略了关系代词that，that在定语从句作paid little attention to的宾语，所以这里缺少谓语动词，故选D。cost使丧失，使损失。答案：D练规范、练技能、练速度