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1、专攻解题方法与技巧从“主语”角度释解名词、冠词的用法规则主语是句子所叙述的主体，是句子所要说明的人或事物，表示句子描述的是谁或什么。主语通常由名词(短语)、代词、数词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句等充当。本讲主要讲名词及其附属词冠词，其他形式放到后面讲解。第1课时名词真题集训明考点1(2020山东新高考模拟)The 91yearold was in the hospital after a fall when she found out she would be unable to attend the _ (celebrate) in Madison, New Jersey.解析
2、：celebration空处位于the后，作attend的宾语，应用名词形式2(2019浙江6月高考)Other American studies showed no _ (connect) between uniforms and school performance.解析：connection/connections分析句子成分可知，设空处在句中作谓语showed的宾语，应用connect的名词形式。connection表示“联系，关联”时，为可数名词，故也可填复数形式。3(2019北京高考)No matter what you like to do, there is a way to
3、get involved in various _ (activity) on Earth Day.解析：activities空前有形容词various修饰，表示“各种各样的活动”，且activity是可数名词，应用复数形式，故填activities。4(2018浙江11月高考)One study showed that _ (woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely .解析：womenwoman是可数名词，由下文中的“
4、they were”可知，此处是指“女人们”，故用其复数形式。5(2018浙江6月高考)Making Chinese _ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.解析：dishes此处dish是可数名词，其前无限定词，故用其复数形式泛指中国菜。6(2018全国卷)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of hea
5、rt disease and early deaths from all _ (cause)解析：causes此处的cause是可数名词，表示“原因”。根据设空处前的all可知，应该使用复数形式，故填causes。7(2017浙江11月高考)You wouldnt think that a few _ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life.解析：months空前有限定词a few修饰，表示“几个月的锻炼”，应用复数形式，故填months。8(2017浙江6月高考)Last Octo
6、ber, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small _ (carrot) and was about to throw them away.解析：carrots空前有限定词a handful of修饰，表示“一捧”，且carrot是可数名词，应用复数形式，故填carrots。语法精析知规则一、可数名词的复数形式(一)规则名词的6种复数变化形式变化规则例词一般情况下在词尾直接加smonthmonths以s，x，ch，sh结尾的名词在词尾加esglassglasses
7、matchmatches以辅音字母y结尾的名词变y为i再加escountrycountries factoryfactories以元音字母y 结尾的名词在词尾直接加sholidayholidays monkeymonkeys以o结尾的名词一般在词尾加sphotophotos有些在词尾加espotatopotatoes以f，fe结尾的名词,一般要变f或fe为v再加es,selfselveswolfwolves少数直接加s,beliefbeliefs(二)可数名词复数的3种不规则变化形式变化规则例词单复数同形deer, sheep, means, series, Chinese, Swiss, a
8、ircraft, spacecraft, species, fish变内部元音footfeet, toothteeth, mousemice, manmen, womanwomen外来名词mediummedia (媒体)phenomenonphenomena (现象)analysisanalyses (分析)名师指津fish表示“鱼肉”时，为不可数名词，表示“条数”时，其复数形式与单数形式相同，但表示不同种类的鱼时，其复数形式为fishes。(三)合成名词复数的2类变化形式1若有中心词，则把中心词变成复数；若无中心词，则把最后一个词变成复数。passerbypassersby, sisteri
9、nlawsistersinlaw, grownupgrownups2“man/womann.”变复数时，作定语的man/woman和中心词都要变复数，如：women engineers。二、不可数名词(一)常见的24个不可数名词单词词义单词词义fun乐趣homework家庭作业progress进步equipment设备bread面包wealth财富knowledge知识room空间work工作weather天气music音乐news新闻；消息traffic交通meat肉word消息luck运气advice建议housework家务information信息furniture家具milk牛奶ba
10、ggage/luggage行李orange橙汁man人类(二)抽象名词的具体化抽象名词(不可数)具体化(表达个体概念时，是可数名词)surprise惊讶a surprise一件令人惊讶的事success成功a success一个(件)成功的人(事)honour荣誉an honour受尊敬的人或一种荣誉failure失败a failure一个(件)失败的人(事)beauty美；美丽a beauty美丽的人或事物pleasure乐趣a pleasure一件乐事应用落实通方法一、单句语法填空1(2020慈溪中学模拟)There are various types of tea that offer
11、different health benefits (benefit) and flavours.2We usually expect Hollywood heroes (hero) to show up on our screens and defeat the bad guys.3I suddenly regretted that we had no photos (photo) from this vacation together.4One spring afternoon, we went to one of the grocery stores (store) nearby to
12、buy some food for dinner.5(2020湖州模拟)Although they are seen as companions and part of the family today, China and Western countries have different cultural beliefs (belief) about dogs.6Above all, commercial interests often outweigh educational purposes, causing many complaints (complaint) about the u
13、nbearable advertisements.7Recent studies (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.8Timmis and his team set out to seek the effects of phone use on passersby (passerby)9(2020宁海中学模拟)It thinks that Cinglish may hurt peoples ability to speak standard English
14、 and make it hard for them to communicate with foreigners (foreigner)10(2020富阳中学二模)Many of these had benefited from the governments special new policies encouraging people to start their own businesses (business)11After supper, we would play card games of all_sorts_ (sort) in the sitting room.12In the afternoon, Ill show you around and take you to some places (place) of interest.5学科网（北京）股份有限公司