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1、班级 姓名 学号 分数Unit 4 Adversity and Courage现在完成进行时（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）一、单项选择（本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）1. Mr. Yuarticles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher.A. was writing B. had written C. has been writing D. had been written2. We COVID-19 ever since it appeared three years ago.A.have been
2、 fightingagainstB.fought withC.have been fightingforD.will be fighting against3. The washing machine all morning. What on earth are you washing?A.has been runningB.had runC.was runningD.will run4. She ought to stop working. She has a headache because she all day long.A.has been readingB.had readC.is
3、 readingD.read5. For some time now,world leaders outthe necessity for agreement on arms reduction.A.pointedB.were pointingC.have been pointingD.had been pointing6. By now, the miners gold with tools for approximately five years continuously, but in vain.A.are detectingB.will be detectingC. have been
4、 detectingD. have been detected7. Over the last three months, my roommate Lin Tao in the library every night.A.workedB.had been workingC.has been workingD.is working8. They the problem since this morning, but havent reached an agreement.A.discussedB.discussC.have beendiscussingD.were discussing9. Th
5、e Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago young people since 1996.A. has been helping B. has helped C. helpedD. had helped10. Tu Youyou has traditional Chinese medical science.A. applied to studyB. been applied to study语company是第三人称单数，则谓语动词也应用单数形式,保持主谓一致。所以operale的形式应为has been operatingo 故填
6、has been operatingo38. have been reading【详解】考查动词。句意：我一直在看你借给我的那本书，但还没有看完。根据该句的I havent finished it yet“还没看完”以及bui转折可知，这里应该表示“我一直在看，但是还没看完，所以此处为现在完成进行 时。故填 have been reading。39. has proved【详解】考查动词。句意：这些年来，这种药物已被证明对退烧和帮助止痛至关重要。由。ver these years 时间状语可知，此处动词为现在完成时，结合主语The medicine为单数名词，所以为动词三单形式。故填 has
7、proved。40. have been declining【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：汽车价格六个月来一直在下降，因为这些价格是可以协商的。分析句子可 知空处填谓语动词，结合句意表示价格持续下降，所以用现在完成进行时“have been doing”，表示动作从 某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。此处表示价格一直在下降， 可能仍然继续下降：主语prices复数，主谓保持一致，谓语动词用复数。故填have been declining。41. have been thinking【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我一直在考虑你说的话，我觉得你可能是对的。结合句
8、意可知， 说话人一直在考虑，过去的动作一直持续到现在，应用现在完成进行时态，又因主语是I,助动词用have。 故填 have been thinking.,42. has been shouldering【详解】考查动词时态。句意：母亲想成为一个好的养家者，这是她自与父亲结婚以来一直承担的角色。 根据时间状语及句意可知，此处表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，还会持续下去的重复性行动，应用现在 完成进行时。主语是第三人称单数，结合主谓一致，故填has been shouldering。43. have been making【详解】考查时态。句意：中国人造纸已有两千年的历史。根据句意可知，中国造纸从
9、两千年开始，已经 持续到现在，而且还会持续下去，所以用现在完成进行时，表示动作的未完成性和持续性。又因主语为“the Chinese”,单复数同形，谓语动词用复数。故填have been making。44. has been happening【详解】考查动词时态。句意：天文学家表示，这是一种已经发生了一个世纪的自然现象。根据句意和时 间状语for a century可知谓语动词h叩pen“发生”使用现在完成进行时，强调动作从过去持续到现在；主语 that 指代先行词 a natural phenomenon,因此助动词用 has。故填 has been happeningo45. has
10、been spreading【详解】考查时态。句意：病毒无法被掩埋；自去年以来病毒一直都在传播。此句时间状语是since last year, 表示“自去年起一直到现在“，是持续段的时间状语，用现在完成时。并且根据句意，此句强调spread的动 作在此刻仍然继续进行，所以用现在完成进行时，结构是have/has been doing。il代指病毒是单数，所以用 has been doing 形式。故填 has been spreadingo46. have been eating【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：最近，我一直吃健康食品而不是垃圾食品。分析句子结构和意思可知，这 里有时间状语Recen
11、tly,这句话描述的是最近一直在进行的动作，所以用现在完成进行时，强调从过去持 续到现在的动作，还有可能延续到将来。故填have been eatingo47. has been decreasing【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，由于全球变暖，北极的海冰一直在减少。结合语境和时间 状语。ver the past decades可知，此处表示动作发生在过去，持续到现在，并且将来也有可能发生，应使用 现在完成进行时，句中主语为sea ice为单数，助动词用has。故填has been decreasing。48. has【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自201()年以来，在中国大学就
12、读的外国学生人数一直在稳步上升。 分析句子可知，since在此处意为“自从”，主句要用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，而句子的主语为The number,故谓语应用单数形式，故此处的have应用第三人称单数形式has。故填has。49. have been waiting【详解】考查时态。句意：我等了他很长时间，但他还没有出现。根据语境可知，“等这一动作从过去一 直持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，主语是I，故填have been waiting。50. have been approaching【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：安德森先生评论道：“人们在街上接近他，他收到了各
13、种各样的工 作邀请根据句意和所给单词可知此处时态应用现在完成进行时，表示过去到现在一直做某事。主语People 是复数，所以此处谓语也需用复数形式。故填have been approaching.51. have been looking【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我已经一直找工作找了三个月了，这是我第一次正式面试。结合句意可知， 此处想要表达的是从过去发生，一直持续到现在并未停止的意思，要使用现在完成进行时，主语为I，故 填 have been lookingo52. has stayed#has been staying【详解】考查时态。句意：我妹妹己经在北京呆了三个月了。她打算再呆两个月
14、。根据时间状语“forthree months”和后一句可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，表示过去发生的动作持续到现在 将有可能继续下去；主语是单数，所以空处助动词需用has。故填has slayed/has been staying。53. has been crying【详解】考查时态。句意：莉莉已经哭了一个小时了。她到底什么时候才会停下来？根据空后时间状语for an hour和后一句可知，本句使用现在完成进行时表示某种厌烦的感情色彩；主语是第三人称单数，所以此 处助动词需用has故填has been cryingo54. have been developing【详解】
15、考查现在完成进行时。句意：他们认为传统意味着来自过去的旧事物。事实上，传统也指那些一 直在发展和仍在被创造的事物。由语意可知，动作develop始于过去，持续到现在，且还会持续下去，故 应使用现在完成进行时。故填have been developingo55. have been coming【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：语言的出现和消失已经有几千年的历史了，但最近，语言出现得越来越 少，消失得却越来越多。根据时间状语for thousands of years并结合语意可知，动作come始于过去，持续 到现在，且还会持续下去，所以应使用现在完成进行时。故填have been coming。5
16、6. have been sitting【详解】考查时态。句意：“人们一直坐在那里，站在那里，互相拍照，”罗说。由语境可知，动作sit始于 过去，持续到现在。由后文的standing和taking可知，动作si也会持续下去，故动词应使用现在完成进行 时。主语为people，助动词用have。故填have been sitting。57. have been sharing【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，我一直和别人合住一套公寓，努力攒钱开自己的公司。 分析句子可知，空处前的I是主语，故空处应填动词作谓语，结合前文的时间状语For the past years可知， 此处应用现在完成
17、时，根据后文的and trying可知，空处与trying之间是并列关系，故空处应用现在完成 进行时，即have/has been doing结构,由主语为I,故空处应用have been doing结构，应填have been sharingo 故填 have been sharing.,58. have taught#have been teaching【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从毕业，我就一直在这所中心教书。分析句子结构可知，Ever since graduation 在句中做时间状语，所以谓语用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。故填have taught或have been teach
18、ingo59. has been growing【详解】考查时态。句意：过去几年，中国物流市场在规模和质量方面一直稳步增长。根据后文。ver the past few years可知表示动作发生在过去，持续不间断发生到现在，并且将来可能还会继续下去，应用现在完成 进行时。故填 has been growing60. lived#had lived#had been living【详解】考查时态。句意：尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。设 空处在句中作谓语，结合语意，尼安德特人生活在欧洲这一动作发生在过去，句子使用一般过去时，动词 使用过去式形式lived：或表示
19、live这一动作发生在灭绝之前，表示“过去的过去”,使用过去完成时had lived：或强调live这一动作是-一直正在进行的，使用过去完成进行时had been living0故填lived/had lived/had been living oC. been applied herself to studyD. been applying herself to studying11. Since humankind started gardening, we to make our environment more beautiful.A. tryB. are tryingC. will
20、tryD. have been trying12. Oh. No! It on end for a week!一Well, the radio just said it would not stop until next Tuesday.A.is rainingB. had rainedC. has been rainingD.had been raining13. Excuse me. Madam. Ellen, a journalist from the Daily Mail all day. Could you speak to him now?A.was phonedB. has be
21、en phonedC. is phoningD.has been phoning14. The debate between homework or no homework on in American schools for years and no one hascome up with a solution yet.A.is goingB. has been goingC. was goingD.had gone15. I fbr over 40 minutes, but my food still isnt ready.A.am waitingB. have been wailingC
22、. was wailingD.had waited16. 一 Where is Ethan? I cant find him anywhere.一 He went to the library after lunch and his essay there ever since.A.had writtenB. is writingC. has been writingD.wrote17. Im sure youll do well in the exam because you so hard this year.A.studiedB. had studiedC. have been stud
23、yingD.had been studying18. You know, I fbr a job fbr three months, but I havent had any luck.A. have been lookingB. have lookedC. had been lookingD. had looked19. Dont worry. The wounded dog with a volunteer the last two weeks and now can run around.A. staysB. has been staying C. is stayingD. had st
24、ayed20. Maria has a great interest in sports and swimming classes four times a week over the past threeyears.A. tookB. is takingC. takesD. has been taking二、用单词的适当形式完成句子(本大题共40小题，每小题分，共60分)21. Mary has been(hunt) for a job since she graduated from college.22. What is the matter with the guy, who has
25、been(wander) for two hours by now?23. In order to find the missing child, villagers(do) all they can over the past five hours.24. What bad weather! I am sick of it here.So am I. It(rain)sincc last Friday. Wish wc could see the sun tomorrow.25. Ever since the Greens moved to the country a year ago, t
26、hey(enjoy)better health.26. She is tired. She(type) letters all the afternoon.27. In the past few years, he(deal) with a few international companies.28. The Chinese government(do) research into vaccine (疫苗)against African Swine Fever for months, recently many have received the first doses.29. She is
27、 very tired. She(work) all morning.30. Jim(phone) Jenny every night for the past week.31. They(build) the bridge for two months.32. I(wait) for an hour and a half.33. The telephone(ring) in the office all the morning.34. The dollar(climb) steadily all week.35. He(play) basketball since he was ten.36
28、. Since then, a close relationship(grow) between us and shes been almost like a sister to me.37. The company(operate) in France for over five years.38. I(read) the book you lent me but I havent finished it yet.39. The medicine(prove) vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain over these years.40
29、. Car prices(decline) for six months because these prices arc negotiable.41. I(think) about what you said. and I think youre probably right.42. Mother wants to be a good provider, a role she(shoulder) since her marriage to Father.43. The Chinese(make)paper fbr two thousand years.44. Astronomers say
30、this is a natural phenomenon that(happen) for a century.45. The virus cant be buried; it(spread)since last year.46. Recently, I(eat)hcalthy food as opposed to junk food.47. Over the past decades, sea ice(dccrcasc)in the Arctic as a result of global wanning.48. The number of foreign students attendin
31、g Chinese universities(have) been rising steadily since 2010.49. I(wait) fbr him fbr a long time, but he hasnt turned up yet.50. “People(approach) him in the street; hes had job oflers and all sorts,M Mr Anderson commented.51. I (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal intervie
32、w.52. My sister(stay)in Beijing for three months. She plans to stay fbr another two months.53. Lily(ciy)for an hour. When on earth will she stop?(所给词的适当形式填空)54. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that (develop) and that arc still being c
33、reated.55. Languages(come)and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.56. “People(sit) there and standing there and taking pictures of each other, n Ro says.57. For the past years, I(share) a flat with other people and trying to save money to
34、 open my own business.58. Ever since graduation, I(teach) in this middle school.59. Chinas logistics market(grow) steadily in terms of scale and quality over the past few years.60. (2020 北京卷)The Neanderthals(live) alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out a
35、bout 40, 000 years ago.参考答案：1. C【详解】考查时态。句意：于先生自任教以来一直在为报纸和杂志撰稿。根据时间状语“since he became a teacher”可知，此处需要用现在完成进行时，强调“一直在写稿”。故选C项。2. A【详解】考查时态。句意：自3年前新冠肺炎疫情出现以来，我们一直在抗击疫情。根据后文since it叩peaed three yearsag。可知动作发生在过去，持续不间断到现在，应用现在完成进行时。故选A。3. A【详解】考杳动词时态。句意：洗衣机已经开了一上午了。你到底在洗什么？分析句子结构可知，前句缺 少谓语动词，根据时间状语al
36、l morning,可知表示动作一直持续，应该用完成时，再根据后句用的是现在 进行时，说明在说话的时候，洗衣机运行这个动作，从过去到现在一直持续，且这个动作可能仍在继续进 行，应该用现在完成进行时。故选A项。4. A【详解】考查时态。句意：她应该停止工作。她头疼，因为她整天都在看书。结合语意，“读书”这一动作 在过去发生，一直持续到现在，且强调动作一直正在进行，应用现在完成进行时，主语是she,谓语动词 应用第三人称单数形式has been readingo故选A项。5. C【详解】考查时态。句意：目前一段时间以来，世界上的领导者们一直在强调削减武器的必要性。此处表 示动作从过去某一时间开始一
37、直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，故选C。6. C【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到现在为止，矿工们在将近五年的时间里持续不断地用工具探测黄金，但 是却一无所获。A. arc detecting正在探测（现在进行时）；B. will be detecting将来一直在探测（将来进行时）； C. have been detecting已经并一直在探测中（现在完成进行时）；D. have been detected已经被探测（现在完 成时的被动语态）。结合句意，且根据时间状语By now和副词continuously可知，空格处应用现在完成进 行时，表示从过去到现在持续进行的主动动作
38、，故选C项。7. C【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的三个月里，我的室友林涛每晚都在图书馆工作。根据时间状语 Over the last three months,可知，此处使用现在完成时：句子描述的Lin Tao每晚在图书馆工作这个动作从 过去的三个月就开始一直持续到现在，还有可能会持续下去，因此用现在完成进行时。故选C项。8. C【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他们从今天上午开始一直在讨论这个问题，但还没有达成一致意见。根据 “since this morning, but havent reached an agreement”可知，此处表示从过去开始一直持续到现在，还有可能 持续下去的动
39、作，应用现在完成进行时。故选C。9. A【详解】考查时态。句意：他在芝加哥创办的男孩女孩俱乐部自1996年以来一直在帮助年轻人。结合句 中since 1996,可知这个组织帮助年轻人的动作一直在持续，所以主句的时态要用现在完成进行时。故选 Ao10. D【详解】考查非谓语动词和谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦一直致力于中医研究。结合句意，表示“致力于” 用apply oneself to，此处谓语应该用主动语态，且to是介词，后面跟动词需用动名词形式作宾语。故选 D项。11. D【详解】考查谓语动词时态。句意：自从人类开始有园林艺术，我们就一直努力让环境更美。分析句子结 构和意思可知，句子有时间状语“S
40、ince the time humankind started gardening，所以谓语动词用现在完成进 行时，说明“我们努力让环境更美的行为从过去一直持续到现在，还有可能延续到将来。故选D。12. C【详解】考查时态。句意：哦，不！雨已经连续下了一个星期了！ 嗯，收音机刚刚说要到下周二 才会停。根据句意可知，下雨是从一周前开始下一直持续到现在，而且下到下周二。动作从过去开始，持 续到现在，而且继续持续下去，应为现在完成进行时。故选C。13. D【详解】考查时态。句意：对不起，Ellen夫人，每日邮报的记者打了一整天的电话。你现在可以跟他 讲话吗？根据句意可知，动词phone和主语“a j
41、ournalist from the Daily Mai之间是主动关系，故排除A和 B项，结合句意，根据时间状语all day,此处应用现在完成进行时，表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一 直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去，基本结构为“havc/has been doing”，主语“a journalist”是单数，因 此空格处是has been phoning。故选D。14. B【详解】考查时态。句意：美国学校多年来一直在争论做家庭作业与否，至今还没有人提出解决方案。结 合语境和时间状语for years可知,此处强调动作从过去持续到现在并会持续到将来，应用现在完成进行时， 主语the deb
42、ate是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选B。15. B【详解】考查时态。句意：我已经等了 40多分钟了，但我的食物还没做好。根据后文for over 40 minutes 可知，表示动作从过去某时开始发生，直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间，并可能延续下去，应用现在 完成进行时。故选B。16. C【详解】考查时态。句意：伊桑在哪里？我到处都找不到他。他午饭后去了图书馆，从那以后就 一直在那里写论文。根据时间状语ever since可知，句中表示从过去一直待续到现在动作，且很可能继续 下去，应用现在完成进行时。故选C项。17. C【详解】考查时态。句意：我确信你将在考试中做的更好，因为你今年一直在
43、学习很努力。根据语境，学 习的动作是从过去一直持续到现在，还要持续下去。所以用现在完成进行时。故选C。18. A【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：你知道的，我这3个月来一直在找工作，但是没有任好运。根据句 意可知，我一直在找工作，但是没找到。再根据for three months,故时态用现在完成进行时，表示从过去 到现在一直持续做某事。故选A项。19. B【详解】考查时态。句意：别担心。这只受伤的狗过去两周一直和一名志愿者住在一起，现在可以到处跑 了 o根据下文的时间状语the last two weeks可知，表示从过去一直延续到现在的动作用现在完成进行时， 且属于the wounded
44、dog是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数，故选B。20. D【详解】考查时态辨析。句意：Maria对运动非常感兴趣，在过去的三年中她每周上四次游泳课。由句中 的时间状语“over the last three years”并结合句意可知，动作在过去的三年中一直发生，并且有可能将来还持 续下去，所以用现在完成进行时。主语Maria是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故选D。21. hunting【详解】考杳动词。句意：自从大学毕业，Mary一直在寻找工作。根据时间状语since she graduated from college可知，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示动作发生在过去且持续到现在，
45、有可能继续持续到将来， 同时结合空前的has been,可知谓语动词用现在完成进行时。故填huniing。22. wandering【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这家伙怎么了，他已经流浪了两个小时了？根据时间状语by now以及空 前的has been可知,用现在完成进行时have been doing sth.。故填wanderingo23. have been doing【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意：为了找到失踪的孩子，村民们在过去的五个小时里竭尽所能。分析 句子可知，本句缺少谓语，根据时间状语over the past five hours,结合句意，表示“现在可能还在努力寻找“， 可
46、知应用现在完成进行时，其结构为“have been doing sth?故填have been doing。24. has been raining【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意：糟糕的天气!我厌倦了这里。我也是。从上周五开始就一 直在下雨。真希望明天能看到太阳。根据语境可知，雨从上周五一直下到现在且有可能继续下下去，故此 处应用现在完成进行时；主语It为单数，主谓保持一致，即“has been doing sth.”结构。故填has been raining. 25. have been enjoying【详解】考查时态。句意：自从格林一家一年前搬到美国以来，他们的健康状况就一直在好转。设
47、空处为 主句谓语，根据Eversince引导时间状语从句，可知主句应用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去开始持续 到现在，并且将持续下去，主语they,谓语应用复数形式，故填have been enjoying。26. has been typing【详解】考查时态。句意：她累了。她整个下午都在打字。由all Ihe afternoon和句意可知，打字这一动作 从过去开始持续到现在，并有可能继续进行下去，强调进行的过程，应用现在完成进行时，主语是she, 助动词为has,故填has been typing。27. has been dealing【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，他一直在和几
48、家国际公司打交道。根据时间状语In the past few years和句意可知，表示过去发生的动作或状况一直持续到现在，这个动作可能仍在继续进行或刚刚结束， 用现在完成进行时。故填has been dealing。28. has been doing【详解】考查时态。句意：数月以来，中国政府一直在研究对抗非洲猪瘟的疫苗，最近许多人接种了第一 针。根据下文“for months（数月以来）”可知句子表达的是一个几个月以来一直持续的动作，渭语动词应使用 现在完成进行时形式，又因主语The Chinese government是表示整体含义的集体名词，为第三人称单数， 故填 has been doing 。29. has been working【详解】考查时态。句意：她非常疲劳，整个