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1、小学英语重点知识归纳小学英语重点知识归纳（5 5）句型专项归类汇总）句型专项归类汇总小升初小升初cwx一、肯定句肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子陈述的句子l如：Imastudent.lSheisadoctor.lHeworksinahospital.lTherearefourfansinourclassroom.lHewilleatlunchat12:00.lIwatchedTVyesterdayevening.二、否定句二、否定句否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子义词的句子l如：Imnotastudent.lSheisnot(
2、isnt)adoctor.lHedoesnot(doesnt)workinahospital.lTherearenot(arent)fourfansinourclassroom.lHewillnot(wont)eatlunchat12:00.lIdidnot(didnt)watchTVyesterdayevening.注意 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词“not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写“isnt，arent”，但amnot一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可
3、以把它们缩写在一起如“dont,doesnt,didnt）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did”把以下句子变为否定句把以下句子变为否定句改否定句时，在改否定句时，在be动词、情态动词动词、情态动词、助动词后加、助动词后加not.lIam17._lTheyarelisteningtotheteacher._lSheisinthehouse._lWewerehappyyesterday._lHewasatschoollastyear._Iamnot17.Theyarenot
4、listeningtotheteacher.Sheisnotinthehouse.Wewerenothappyyesterday.Hewasnotatschoollastyear.lTheycanspeakChinese._lTomgoestobedat10:00p.m.l_lLilyreadsEnglishinthemorning.l_lThestudentsplayedfootballafterschool.l_TheycannotspeakChinese.Tomdoesntgotobedat10:00pm.LilydoesntreadsEnglishinthemorning.Thestu
5、dentsdidntplayfootballafterschool.三、一般疑问句三、一般疑问句一般疑问句是指询问事实的句子，必一般疑问句是指询问事实的句子，必须用须用“yes”，或，或“no”来回答。来回答。lAreyouastudent?Yes,Iam/No,Imnot.lIssheadoctor?Yes,sheis./No,sheisnt.lDoesheworkinahospital?No,hedoesnt.lAretherefourfansinourclassroom?Yes,thereare.lWillheeatlunchat12:00?No,Iwillnot(wont).lAret
6、heyswimming?Yes,theyare./No,theyarent.lDidyouwatchTVyesterdayevening?Yes,Idid.注意注意 小结：小结：l一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上：l把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。如：Imastudent.lSheisadoctor.lTherearefourfansinourclassroom.l没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。l这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单
7、数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did”。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。如：lHeworksinahospital.lHewilleatlunchat12:00.lIwatchedTVyesterdayevening.把句子变为一般疑问句把句子变为一般疑问句l改一般疑问句时，主语和谓语（be动词、助动词）换一下位置，句末加问号。但是值得注意的是第一、二人称的相互转换。lHeisathome._lIamfine._lTheyareinred._lAmicereadbookslasteve
8、ning._Isheathome?Areyoufine?Aretheyinred?DidAmicereadbookslastevening?lLindareadsbookseveryevening._lShecandraw._lYoumustgotobedat10:00p.m._lThereisabookinthedesk._lTheywillplaychessonFriday._DoesLindareadbookseveryevening?Canshedraw?Mustyougotobedat10:00pm?Isthereabookinthedesk?WilltheyplaychessonF
9、riday?四、特殊疑问句四、特殊疑问句以特殊疑问词（以特殊疑问词（what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等）开头引导的等）开头引导的句子句子此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能不能用“yes、no”来回答。如：lWhatisthis?Itsacomputer.lWhatdoeshedo?Hesadoctor.lWhichseasondoyoulikebest?Summer.lWhendoyouusuallygetup?Iusuallygetupat6:00lWhoseskirtisthis?ItsAmys.lHowareyou?Imfine./Imhapp
10、y.l其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如：howmany（多少(数量)）,howmuch（多少(钱)）,howtall（多高）,howlong（多长）,howbig（多大）,howheavy（多重）l例句：Howmanypencilsdoyouhave?Ihavethreepencils.lHowmanygirlscanyousee?Icanseefourgirls.lHowmanydesksarethereinyourclassroom?Thereare51.句型转换。句型转换。就红色部分提问：首先应该看红色部分在句中的意思、作用及成分，再用相关的疑问词来提问。
11、lIlikesummer,becauseIlikeswimming.l_lTomdoessportstwohoursaweek.l_lIlikewinter.l_lWewalkedafterdinner._Whydoyoulikesummer?WhatdoesTomdotwohoursaweek?Whichseasondoyoulike?Whendidyouwalk?lShecleanedtheroomafterbreakfast.l_lIwanttogohomebytrain.l_lHelivesinAmerica.l_lIhavefourfriendshere.l_lItsOctobert
12、hefirsttoday.l_Whatdidshedoafterbreakfast?Howdoyouwanttogohome?Wheredoeshelivein?Howmanyfriendsdoyouhavehere?Whatsthedatetoday?lTheygotoShanghaibyplane._lHeoftengoestoschoolat7:00inthemorning._lIfeelhappy._lIm1.6meterstall._HowdotheygotoShanghai?Whendoesheoftengotoschool?Howdoyoufeel?Howtallareyou?l
13、Ihaveoneapple._lIts7:00._lTheflagisred._lThegirlinthereddressisLily._lItsSundaytoday._Howmanyapplesdoyouhave?Whatsthetimenow?Whatcolouristheflag?WhichgirlisLily?Whatdayisittoday?补充：补充：lWhatsthedatetoday?今天是几号？lItsMaythefirst.今天是五月一号。lWhatdayisittoday?今天是星期几？lTodayisSunday.今天是星期天。专项练习1 1、连词成句、连词成句:l(
14、1)witharegoingwhoyoul(2)toyearwelastwentCanadal(3)sayitstotimegoodbyefriendsmytol(4)willImthatlikesurehel(5)wouldpartyyouliketothethecometolWhoareyougoingwith？WewenttoCanadalastyear.Itstimetosaygoodbyetomyfriends.Imsurethathewilllike.Youwouldliketocometotheparty.l(6)youabouthowl(7)arewhereyoustaying
15、l(8)youlookingwhatforarel(9)differentarewegoingseeplacetoHowaboutyou?Whereareyoustaying?Whatareyoulookingfor?Wearegoingtoseedifferentplace.2、改错。、改错。l常见的几种错误有：漏词，单词拼写错误，固定词语搭配错误，时态、语法上的错误，没有转换人称，be动词、助词、助动词的单复数等等。l(1)Whatishedonow?l_l(2)Whatscolouristhepencil?l_l(3)Ilikeapairshoes.l_l(4)Itsared.l_Wha
16、tishedoingnow?Whatcolouristhepencil?Ilikeapairofshoes.Itsred.l(5)Howareyoufeel?l_l(6)Howmanyfootsdoyouhave?l_l(7)Whatsshename?l_l(8)ThisisaLibrary.l_l(9)Heistheyson.l_Howareyoufeeling?Howmanyfeetdoyouhave?Whatshername?Thisisalibrary.Heistheirson.3、用所给单词的正确形式完成句子、用所给单词的正确形式完成句子l若所给的单词为名词，要注意单复数及名词的格。
17、若所给的单词为名词，要注意单复数及名词的格。l若所给的单词为动词，要注意动词所用的时态等。若所给的单词为动词，要注意动词所用的时态等。l若所给的单词为形容词或副词，要注意比较级、最若所给的单词为形容词或副词，要注意比较级、最高级等。高级等。l(1)She_(be)apupilofGradeOne.l(2)Wehavea_(wind)daytoday.l(3)I_(notgo)toworkonfoot.iswindydonotgo(4)HerbirthdayisMaythe_(five).(5)_(do)youruncleliveinShanghai?(6)_(we)Englishteacherisawoman.(7)Mylegsare_(long)thanhers.(8)Im_(eat)now.(9)Jenny_(go)outfiveminutesago.fifthDoesOurlongereatingwent