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1、英语中八种常见时态英语中八种常见时态小卢老师01.一般现在时02.一般将来时03.一般过去时04.现在进行时目录目录05.过去进行时 06.现在完成时07.过去完成时08.过去将来时第一章第一章一般现在时一般现在时时间轴概念：表示现阶段经常发生的动作或现在的某种状况，也表示客观事实、客观规律或客观真理。谓语动词要用原形，主语是第三人称时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式常见时间状语标志常见时间状语标志：always,often,sometimes,usually,every day,on Sundays,once a always,often,sometimes,usually,every day
2、,on Sundays,once a day/week/monthday/week/month等等例如：I do some exercise 我每天做一些锻炼。She knows French and German besides English.除英语外，她还懂法语和德语。The sun rises in the east.太阳从东边升起。1.We often_(play)on the playgound.play2.He _(get)up at six oclock.gets3.Mike sometimes _(go)to the park with his sister.goes4._
3、Mike_(read)English every day?Doesread改句子：1.Do you often play football after school?(肯定回答)Yes,I do.2.I have many books.（改为否定句）I dont have many books.第二章第二章一般将来时一般将来时 时间轴概念：表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，以及打算、计划或准备做某事。常见时间状语标志：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,next day/week/month/year,this week/month/year,soon,in+时间状语
4、(如in one hour/in a few minutes等)，in the future,in future等。例如Ill take you there tomorrow.我明天带你去那儿Next month we will have our school open day.下个月我们将迎来学校开放日。The Talent Show is coming in two weeks time.新秀选拔演出还有两周时间就要到了。结构1结构1：肯定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+其他 否定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+not+其他一般疑问句式：助动词Will+主语+动词原形+其他简单
5、回答：在口语中，will在名词或代词后常缩为ll，will not常简缩为wont。在疑问句中，主语为第一人称时（I和we）时，常用助动词shall。例如：Shell go to play basketball.Shall we go to the zoo?结构2肯定句式：主语+be going to+动词原形+其他否定句式：主语+be not going to+动词原形+其他一般疑问句式：Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语+be （否）No,主语+be not注意：be going to 和will之间的区别。在时间上：be going to通常表示马上
6、要发生或相当快就要发生的事情；而will不指明任何具体时间，可以指遥远的未来。He is going to be better.He will be better.计划/临时：两者都表示意图时，be going to含有预先计划、准备的意思；will则指未经过预先思考或计划，是临时的一种决定。What are you going to do next Sunday?Im going to go fishing.Where is the telephone book?Ill go and get it for you.两者都用于预测时，be going to意指有迹象表明某件事将要发生，属客观的
7、推测；will则意指说话人认为/相信某件事将要发生，属主观的推测。在条件状语从句中，be going to表将来,will表意愿。例如：1.If you are going to make a journey,youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.尽快 2.Miss Gao will tell you the answer if you ask her.1.I am afraid there _（be）a meeting this afternoon.I cant join you.will be1.There _ a meeting
8、 tomorrow afternoon.A.will be going to B.will going to be C.is going to beD.will go to beC2.Charlie _ here next month.A.isnt working B.doesnt working C.isnt going to working D.wont workD3.They _ an English evening next Sunday.A.are having B.are going to have C.will having D.is going to haveB 第三章第三章一
9、般过去时一般过去时 时间轴1.概念：表示在过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。谓语动词要用过去时。2.常见时间状语标志：yesterday,the day before yesterday,last night/week/month,时间词+ago(如three days ago),in/on+过去的时间词(如in 2010),just now,at that time,in those days,one day,long long time ago,once upon a time等。肯定句式:主语+动词过去式+其他否定句式:主语+（助动词）didnt+动词
10、原形+其他一般疑问句式:Did+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+did (否)No,主语+did notTwo years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike.两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的山地自行车。Where did you go just now?你刚刚干什么去了1.There _ an English film at the cinema now.A.will have B.is going to have C.is going to be D.is2.The picture _ nice.A.looks B.is looke
11、d C.look D.is looking3.She _ down and soon falls asleep.A.live B.lain C.laid D.sits4.They _ the office in time very morning.A.reach to B.arrived C.went D.get to5.We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week.()6.Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A.will gives B.will giv
12、e C.gives D.give()7.-Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?-_.(不，不要。)A.No,you wont.B.No,you arent.C.No,please dont.D.No,please.()8.-Where is the morning paper?-I _ if for you at once.A.get B.am getting C.to get D.will get()9._ a concert next Saturday?A.There will be B.Will there be C.There can be D.There
13、 are()10.If they come,we _ a meeting.A.have B.will have C.had D.would have一般单词过去式规则1.一般在动词末尾加-ed 如:pull-pulled cook-cooked want-wantde wash-washde play-playde2.结尾是e加d 如:taste-tasted love-loved like-liked hope-hoped dance-danced3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped plan-planned1、a
14、m,is 的过去式：was wz are的过去式：were w(r)I am a teacher.我是一位老师I was a student ten years ago.10年前我是一位学生不规则过去式2、have hv vt.有，具有过去式：had hdI have a bike.我有一辆自行车I had a bike,but I lost it.我有一辆自行车，但我把它弄丢了3、do du vt.做;干;进行;从事;过去式：did ddYou can do it.你能做到Thanks for all you did.谢谢你所做的一切4、go g vi.走;离开;去做;进行;过去式：went
15、 wentI go to school at 8:00 every morning.我每天早上8点上学I went to school at 7:30 yesterday morning我昨天早上7点半上学5、buy ba vt.&vi.购买，购得 过去式：bought b:tI want to buy a car.我想买辆车I bought a car last week.上周我买了一辆车6、fly fla vi.飞;飞行 过去式：flew flu:Birds can fly.鸟儿能飞We flew to London via Dubai我们经迪拜飞往伦敦7、blow bl vt.&vi.（
16、风）吹;吹气 过去式：blew blu:He tried to blow the hair away.他试着把头发给吹开The wind blew my hair around this morning今天早上风把我头发吹乱了。8、bring br vt.带来，引来;过去式：brought br:tI bring an umbrella with me everyday每天我都会带一把伞在身边I brought a cake to the party.我带了一个蛋糕去派对9、fight fat vt.&vi.战斗;斗争;争吵 过去式：fought f:tWe must fight for th
17、e good life.我们必须要为美好的生活去奋斗My brother and I fought almost every day when we were little.我和弟弟小时候几乎天天打架10、teach ti:t vt.教;教导 过去式：taught t:tI teach everyday.我每天都在教书I taught my parrot how to talk and now I regret it.我教了鹦鹉如何讲话，现在我后悔了11、speak spi:k vt.&vi.讲，谈;过去式：spoke spkI speak Chinese.我会说汉语。We spoke on
18、the phone yesterday.我们昨天在电话里说了12、read ri:d vt.&vi.阅读，朗读 过去式：read redI read English book everyday.我每天都看英语书I read a book last week上周我看了一本书13、drink drk vt.&vi.喝（酒）;饮;喝酒 过去式：drank drkDont drink too much.别喝太多了I drank too much yesterday我昨天喝的太多了14、tell tel vt.告诉，说 过去式：told tldLet me tell you how to do this
19、.让我来告诉你怎么做。My mother told me a story everyday when I was young当我是小孩的时候，妈妈每天都会给我讲故事。1.We _(enjoy)ourselves at the party last night.enjoyed2.They _(buy)a guitar yesterday.bought 改错题 1.How is Jane yesterday?2.He go to school by bus last week.3.He often goes home at 6:00 last month.4.I can fly kites sev
20、en years ago.5.Did you saw him just now.6.Tom wasnt watch TV last night.7.I didnt do my homework yesterday.8.He wait for you three hours ago.9.Who find it just now?found10.What did he do last week?第四章第四章现在进行时现在进行时时间轴 概念：表示现在正在进行的动作，或现阶段正在进行的动作。现在进行时由“am/is/are+现在分词”构成。结构：am/is/are+动词的现在分词【doing】常见时间
21、状语标志：now,at this time,at this moment,at present等。例如：Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.现在她正在为旅行制定时间表。Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.当今在中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。注意：不用进行时的动词：表示感官的动词：如see(看见)，hear(听见)，feel(感觉出)，taste(尝出)，smell(闻到)，notice(注意到)，observe(观察到)等。
22、表示某种情感或精神状态的动词：如believe,doubt,feel、have an opinion,hate,image,know,(dis)like,love,prefer,realize,appreciate,recognize,remember,see(=understand),suppose,think understand,want,wish等。一些用于交际和应答的动词：如agree,appear,astonish,deny,disagree,look(=seem),mean,please,promise,seem,surprise等。表示所属、类似、构成等关系的动词和系动词，如：
23、be,belong,concern,consist,contain,fit,include,lack,matter,measure,need,own,possess,weigh(=have weight)。1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.6.They _ _(not,wash)the c
24、lothes now.7.Look!the girls _(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our son doing?He _ _(listen)to music.9.Its 5 oclock now.We _(have)supper now 10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Yes,she is.is drawingare singingis cookingaredoingare havingare not washingare dancingis listeningare havingIswashing第五章第五章过去进行时过去进行时时间轴
25、概念：表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作，或过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作，过去进行时由“was/were+现在分词”构成。常见时间状语标志：(just)then,at that time,yesterday afternoon,the whole morning,all day yesterday,from 9 to 10 last evening/night,those days等。结构：was/were+动词的现在分词(-ing)May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant yesterday?请问你昨天到我的餐馆里来干什么？It was a co
26、ld day and his jacket was lying on the back of a chair.天很冷，他的夹克衫搭在椅背上。？过去进行时和一般过去时的区别：过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作，强调动作的连续性；而一般过去时则表示一个完成的动作。1.What _ your grandfather _ this time yesterday?A.is.doing B.was.doing C.did.do D.had.doneB2._ you _ a meeting at four yesterday afternoon?A.Were.having B.Was.having C.D
27、id.have D.Do.haveA3.A:I called you at about half past eight last night,but nobody answered.B:Oh,I _ in my office at that time.A.will work B.was working C.worked D.had workedB4.His family _ TV from ten to twelve last night.A.watched B.were watching C.had watched D.was watchingB用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空（综合）1.I,
28、with my sister,sometimes _ swimming in the river.(go)2.He _ the film with us last night.(not see)3.You draw quite well.I think you _ a good painter in the future.(be)4.One Sunday morning the man upstairs heard the sound of children _ in the park.(play)5.Mother _ vegetables in the garden now.(grow)6.
29、My father _ some washing when I got home yesterday evening.(do)7.Somebody knocked on my window when I _ TV last night.(watch)8.Grandma _ breakfast while I was doing my homework this morning.(cook)godidnt seewill beplayingis growingwas doingwas watchingwas cooking第六章第六章现在完成时现在完成时时间轴概念1)表示动作发生在过去，但其结果
30、影响到现在。常见时间状语标志：already,yet,just,ever,recently,so far,up to/till now等。2)表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在，还可能持续下去。常见时间状语标志：for+时间段,since+时间点/过去时从句,ever since等3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经历。常见时间状语标志：twice,ever,never,three times,before等。结构：肯定句：主语+助动词have（has）+动词过去分词-ed否定句：主语+助动词have（has）+not(havent,hasnt)+动词过去分词-e
31、d一般疑问句：Have(Has)+主语+动词过去分词-ed+？特殊疑问句：疑问词+have(has)+主语+动词过去分词-ed+？现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时和一般过去时都表示过去发生的动作。差别在于：现在完成时强调的是动作与现在的关系，即对现在的影响或动作延续到现在；而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某时发生，不表示和现在有关系。因此，句中有过去时间状语时，一般用一般过去时。试比较：I have lost my new bike.我把新自行车丢了。(现在还未找到)I lost my new bike yesterday.我昨天把新自行车丢了。(现在找到与否不清楚)He worked t
32、here for three years.他在那里工作了 3 年。(现在已不在那里工作)He has worked there for three years.他在那里工作已 3 年了。(现在仍在那里工作)注意:have/has gone to,have/has been to 和have/has been in的区别：have/has gone to 表示人在去某地的路上或在某地，还未回来；have/has been to 表示人曾经去某地，并且人已经回来了；have/has been in 表示人已经在某地，常与一段时间连用。Mr.Li has gone to Lanzhou 去了兰州（现
33、在在兰州或者在去兰州的路上）I have never been to Beijing去过北京（现在已经不在北京了）She has been in America for 3 years.她在美国已经3年了。第七章第七章过去完成时过去完成时时间轴1.概念：表示以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前的行为，即“过去的过去”。2.常见时间状语标志：before,by the end of last term/week/month/year 等。例如：Most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.当他到达晚
34、会现场时，大多数客人已经离开了。Before he volunteered to direct the traffic,Tom had lots of jobs.铁穆特欧在志愿指挥交通之前做过很多工作。He said that he had learned some English before.结构：助动词had动词过去分词第八章第八章过去将来时过去将来时时间轴1.概念：表示从过去某个时间看即将发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时由“should/would+动词原形”构成。2.常见时间状语标志：通常在宾语从句中出现，主句谓语动词为过去时态。例如：He said that he would f
35、inish his work before 9 oclock.他说他会在九点之前完成工作。When I thought about it,I wondered what their reaction would be.当我考虑这件事时，我想知道他们的反应是什么。结构a)would/should+动词原形 b)was/were going to+动词原形1.感谢信假设你是李华，梁教授去年六月推荐你去悉尼大学深造，现在你已经被悉尼大学化学学院录取，请写封信向梁教授表示感谢。【优秀满分范文】Dear Professor Liang,I am writing to extend my gratitud
36、e to you.Because of your help，now I am a student of Chemistry Department of Sydney University.Last June,when I applied to become a graduate student of Sydney University,you really gave me a lot of valuable help.You not only wrote a recommendation（推荐）for me to Professor Wells who works in the Sydney
37、University，but also gave me careful and patient instructions on how to fill the application forms and write the application letters.It is your unreserved(无保留的）help that enables me to obtain this splendid（极好的）opportunity of further education.For the following two years I will study hard to reciprocate（回报）your sincere help and expectations with excellent grades.Yours truly,Li Hua