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1、非谓语动词 在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）。谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别高考题点击：Suddenly,a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away,_ into the woods.A.seizing,disappeared B.seized,disappeared C.se
2、izing,disappearing D.seized,disappearing D一、形式 主动 被动 一般式 进行式 完成式一般式 完成式不定式动名词、现在分词过去分词 二、功能主 宾 表 定 状 补不定式动名词分词to do to be doing to have done to be done to have been donedoing having donebeing donehaving been donedone 三 判断过程：1.根据非谓语动词的位置判断其充当的成分2.根据成分进行功能比较3.根据逻辑主语判断非谓语动词的主被动关系4.根据与所在句子的谓语动词的比较发生的先后决
3、定非谓语动词的时态四 成分判定：1.Here you can see an old church built in 1819.2.2.His excuse sounds to be quite convincing.3.It took(us)five hours to get here.4.She was glad to see her children well taken care of in the nursery.5.Standing on the tower,we could see the whole city.6.Can you tell me how to get to the
4、 station?7.What I would suggest is to start work at once.8.-What has made Tina excited recently?-_(admit)into a key university.定语表语主语宾补状语宾语表语主语Being admitted1.Here you can see an old church built in 1819.2.2.His excuse sounds to be quite convincing.3.It took(us)five hours to get here.4.She was glad
5、to see her children well taken care of in the nursery.5.Standing on the tower,we could see the whole city.6.Can you tell me how to get to the station?7.What I would suggest is to start work at once.五、功能比较（一）不定式、动名词做主语的区别：1、动名词充当的主语一般表示抽象的、一般的、经常性的行为。不定式表将来的特定、具体的一次性的行为。2、在某些并行结构中，动名词和不定式是特定的对称结构，一 般
6、不能随意替换：1）在句子主语和表语同时使用非限定动词时，两者必须一致，不能交叉使用。eg.Seeing is believing.To learn is to use.2)在某些It做形式主语的固定句式中eg.It is no good/use drinking so much.It is not easy（for Tom）to find a job.注意：There is no need to do sth.高考题点击：Fishing is his favorite hobby,and _.A.hed like to collect coins as well B.he feels like
7、 collecting coins,too C.to collect coins is also his hobby D.collecting coins also gives him great pleasure 在 and 连接的并列句中，两个主语要保持一致的形式。动名词 fishing 和 collecting coins 分别作两个简单句的主语。这句话的意思为“钓鱼是他的爱好，集硬币也给他带来极大的乐趣。”D（二）不定式、动名词作宾语的区别：1、动名词表示一般的、经常性的行为，不定式表示特定的、具体的行为。eg.I like swimming,but I dont like to sw
8、im today.2、一般介词后面不可用不定式作宾语，（except,but除外）eg.He has no choice but to lie down and sleep.I hate the kind of person who does nothing but look on.3、及物动词后一般可用动名词或不定式作宾语，但1)advise,consider,enjoy,escape,excuse,delay,deny,dislike,finish,keep,include,miss,mind,practise,stand,suggest,risk,imagine,admit,cant help+doing2)agree,dare,decide,hope,determine,elect,choose,expect,fail,long,manage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,wish+to do4、有些及物动词可接动名词和不定式，但意义不同。rememberforgetregretstopgo ontry meanneedwantrequire