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1、English HistoryAn outlined study病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程Highlights1.Cultural Noun Explanations:The Magna CartaThe Protestant Church The Elizabethan AgeCharles Darwin病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程The Middle Ages 476-1453ADKing Arthur(6th century
2、)King Arthur and his Knights of the Round TableAlfred the Great(871-899)A fine Saxon king who successfully defeated the invading Danes.病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程William I(1066-1087)Known as William the ConquerorKnown as William the Conqueror Richard I(1189-1199)A Norman
3、king,known as Richard Lion-Heart Most famous Crusaders Tried to snatch the“Holy land”病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程King John(1199-1216)King John(1199-1216)The Magna Carta(Great Charter)in 1215,the The Magna Carta(Great Charter)in 1215,the basis of British Constitution(p26)ba
4、sis of British Constitution(p26)Joan of ArcJoan of Arc The Hundred Years War(1337-1453)The Hundred Years War(1337-1453)Relations between England&France was Relations between England&France was completedly cut offcompletedly cut off病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程The Sixteenth
5、CenturyCharacteristics the transition of the modern period the age of great voyages of discovery the beginning of freedom of thought in the Christian religion 病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程Henry VIIIHenry VIII(1509-1547)(1509-1547)His request to devorce his Queen was His req
6、uest to devorce his Queen was refused by the Roman Poperefused by the Roman PopeEstablished the Church of EnglandEstablished the Church of England,also,also Anglican Church.Declared that he and not the Anglican Church.Declared that he and not the Pope was the head of the Church in EnglandPope was th
7、e head of the Church in EnglandThe Catholic Church&the Protestant ChurchThe Catholic Church&the Protestant Church病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程Mary I(1553-1558)Mary I(1553-1558)a devout Catholic.a devout Catholic.“Bloody Mary”“Bloody Mary”Elizabeth IElizabeth I (1558-1603)-A
8、n age of Glory(1558-1603)-An age of Glory Protestantism gradually bacame the dominant Protestantism gradually bacame the dominant faithfaithAn age of real literary achievement:An age of real literary achievement:ShakespeareShakespeareAdventure on the Sea,defeated Spanish“Adventure on the Sea,defeate
9、d Spanish“Armada”by Sir Francis DrakeArmada”by Sir Francis Drake病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程James I(1603-1625)James I(1603-1625)the“the“Gunpowder Gunpowder Plot”Plot”a plot to blow a plot to blow up the King and up the King and ParliamentParliament病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的
10、相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程The Seventeenth CenturyCharles I(1625-1649)Believed that he had a“Divine Right”to govern The great Civil War(1642-1649)-wars between“Roundheads”and“Cavaliers”was condemned to death病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程Oliver Cromwell(1649-1658)Lord Prot
11、ector Built a republic country(11ys)William III and Mary II(1688-1702)the Glorious Revolution(1688)the Bill of Rights was passed 病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程The Eighteenth CenturyWar with FranceWar with France the Battle of the Battle of Trafalgar(1805)Trafalgar(1805)the b
12、attle of the battle of Waterloo(1815)Waterloo(1815)病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程Industrial Revolution(1750-1850)the invention of the steam engine human power-machine power domestic system-factory system industrial towns and cities a new social class-workering class 病原体侵入机体，
13、消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程The Nineteenth CenturyChanges in this age:Reform Bill(1832)Trade Unions Great progress in the field of communications病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程Queen VictoriaReigning period:May 24,1819-Janu.22,1901Major events in this Golden
14、 Age:1837 the Queen of England and Ireland;1839 married;1857 the control of the Suez;1876 the Queen of India;the British Empire.病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程Characteristics of Victorian ageNational development&optimismNational development&optimismSocial stability Social sta
15、bility Strictly disciplinedStrictly disciplinedFamily virtuesFamily virtuesThe origin of Species by Charles DarwinThe origin of Species by Charles Darwin病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程The Twentieth CenturyThe First World War(1914Nov.11,1918)The independence of Ireland(1922)Th
16、e great“slump”of the early 1930s病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程The Second World War(Sept.1939-1945)1)Western Europe was weakened;2)The United States and the Soviet Union bacame stronger;Winston Churchill(1940-1945)病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程After-c
17、lass tasksQs:Why was the sixteenth century so important to English history and European history?What were the characteristics of the Victorian age?病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程Suggested answersEXIII On TextEXIII On TextB,D,A,C,D.B,D,A,C,D.Noun ExplanationsNoun Explanations1
18、.1.The Magna CartaThe Magna CartaThe Magna Carta(or Great The Magna Carta(or Great Charter)was a document signed in 1215 by Charter)was a document signed in 1215 by King John under compulsion by the powerful King John under compulsion by the powerful barons.The purpose of the Charter was to make bar
19、ons.The purpose of the Charter was to make King John to recognize the rights of the barons.King John to recognize the rights of the barons.The Magna Carta is now kept in the British The Magna Carta is now kept in the British Museum,London.Museum,London.病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程
20、度的病理生理过程Suggested answers2.The Protestant ChurchIt refers to the Christian Church whose faith and practice originated from the principles of the Reformation.As the Popes political power and religious authority declined in the 16th century,Protestant churches sprang up in Northern Europe in opppsitio
21、n to the established Roman Catholic Church.In Britain,Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith in the Elizabethan Age.病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程Suggested answers3.The Elizabethan Age It refers to the period during the reign of Elizabeth I in British history.It w
22、as an age of real literary achievement,especially that of Shakespeare,and it was an age of adventure on the sea.病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程Suggested answers4.Charles Darwin The famous British scientist who wrote the important book The Origin of Species.His theory of evolution caused violent reaction of the Victorians against the book,and furious debates were held in private and in public.Darwins theory contributed to the decay of Victorianism