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1、高考英语外刊阅读模拟强化训练 阅读理解专题二十三Zhang Zhen has learned a few tricks for her job accompanying people to their hospital appointments: Dont ask too much about a persons illness, have a wheelchair ready, bring snacks and “focus on the positive,” she says. The 44-year-old Beijinger is part of a booming professio
2、n in China: Shes a “patient companion,” someone who hires themselves out to go along with patients during medical services, from regular doctors appointments to chemotherapy sessions.Patient companions often take the place of adult children who cannot take their aging parents to the hospital, either
3、 because they live too far away or cant take time off work. The job is demanding physically and mentally, said Zhang, who is often up by 5:30 a.m. and on her feet so much that her knees and feet have started to hurt. “Patient companions really are temporary children for these people. You want to mak
4、e them feel comfortable and safe maybe even more so than their own children would,” she said.The service also reflects some of Chinas most-pressing societal and demographic problems. As Chinas elderly populationhas grown, so have their medical needs, yet their children are fewer and farther away, of
5、ten moving across the country for work. Decades of family planning policies have left millions of aging residents with few relatives to look after them. It is also a symptom of the difficult job market many young Chinese face today after three years of covid-19.“Although China still values intergene
6、rational care, because of this migration, its very difficult,” said Yuying Tong, a demographer at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. “As the parents and grandparents of the one-child-policy generation age, this will be an emerging industry to cope with aging issues in China.”Trips to the hospital
7、are a fixture in the lives of many Chinese citizens, most of whom do not have a regular doctor and go to public hospitals for even routine care. Yet hospitals in major cities like Beijing are infamous for being crowded and overwhelming. Just getting an appointment is a competitive process that often
8、 requires waking up at dawn to begin fighting for a slot as soon as registration opens online. Residents from rural areas, where health care lags far behind, also flock here.Visits easily become day-long affairs of waiting in lines and shuffling back and forth across a sprawling hospital for tests a
9、nd to make payments, or to pick up medical files or prescriptions a labyrinthine system where each step is its own lengthy process. After all that, patients often get only a few minutes with a doctor. As a new industry, patient companionship is not regulated, and there are no requirements for becomi
10、ng a companion. Legal scholars have called for more oversight, including protections for both sides, and standardized prices. There is still some reticence around this emerging industry. Doctors are not always familiar with the idea of paid companions. And in some cases, the children doing the hirin
11、g dont want their parents to know someone is being paid to accompany them. Many patient companions defend their line of work in promotional videos. They explain that their work is different from thatof scalpers, who sell hospital appointments and are seen as profiting from other peoples misfortune.“
12、Is this an embarrassing line of work?” one companion in Henan province said in a video of him walking through a hospital.“Whats embarrassing is having empty pockets. Working hard and earning money is something to be proud of.”Patient companions and experts alike think the profession will be accepted
13、 eventually. That may already be happening. Liu, in Hangzhou, said half of her clientele now is young people who dont want to go to the hospital alone or bother friends or family. Tong, the demographer, agrees that society will adjust. “In the future, maybe people will realize this is normal, like p
14、aying people to clean the house, or taking a taxi.”【The Washington Post (May 19, 2023)】1. Which of the following statements about “patient companion” is wrong?A. “Patient companion” is a booming profession in China B. A patient companion is usually hired to operate medical treatment C. A patient com
15、panion is expected to do a lot of work D. A patient companion need to accompany customers to go through various medical services 2.What can we learn from Yuying Tongs words in paragraph 4?A. many young Chinese are reluctant to look after their aging parents B. the job market is so booming that young
16、 population need to work faraway C. migration leads to Chinas most-pressing societal and demographic problems D. the industry of “patient companion” will grow in the future to deal with Chinas aging issues 3. The underlined word “labyrinthine” can best be replaced by_A. complicated B. professional C
17、. ongoing D. advanced 4. Whats one of the disadvantages that the new industry has?A. this new industry is illegal to the legal system B. this new industry is a branch of the scalpersC. this new industry needs government regulation and oversight D. this new industry is underpaid and embarrassing To u
18、nderstand how rattled Prince Harry and his wife Meghan, Duchess of Sussex, may have been when pursued this week in New York City by photographers, it is important to recall that Harry believes paparazzi caused the car wreck that killed his mother, Princess Diana, when he was 12 years old.For Harry,
19、everything flows from that tragic event and his stated fear of “history repeating itself ” for himself, his wife and children. On Tuesday night, after an award ceremony at a New York City ballroom, a spokeswoman for the couple said “highly aggressive paparazzi（狗仔队）” chased a vehicle transporting Har
20、ry, Meghan and Meghans mother.The spokeswoman said the chase lasted two hours and was nearly “catastrophic.” A spokesperson for the New York Police Department said the presence of many photographers made the couples transport “challenging,” adding that Harry and Meghan arrived at their destination s
21、afely without any collisions or injuries. Ken Wharfe, a former bodyguard for Princess Diana and her then two young sons, said the episode in New York appeared to be“badly organized, badly planned.”“There seemed to be chaos when they were leaving the hotel,” he told The Washington Post. For Harry, af
22、ter a lifetime marked by constant contact with the paparazzi, and with the fate of his mother so dominant in his worldview, the intentions of the media remain highly suspect. He is waging three separate legal battles in British courts against the publishers of three of the largest tabloids in Britai
23、n the Daily mail, the mirror and the Sun over his claims that the publications hacked his phones and invaded his privacy. Harry has said his mission in life is to change tabloid culture, which he believes not only pollutes the lives of media consumers but contributed to his family rift.Harry “sincer
24、ely believes himself to be on a quest to clean up the British press,” said Alan rusbridger, who edited the Guardian for 20 years.“Harry genuinely has suffered a lot of intrusion, and you can understand why he feels angry, you dont need much empathy to understand that whatever happened in New York is
25、 bound to be upsetting to him,” he said.The prince said on ITV that changing the media “may be incredibly hard, and I dont know how long it is going to take, but it is 100 percent worth it.” He added that he is “happy with them talking crap about me every single day because I know it is not true, bu
26、t what I draw the line at is when you are inciting hatred on myself and on my wife and on my children.”The prince hopes to force change through the courts. Harry and his lawyers could embarrass the tabloids. He could win a substantial settlement or not. He could win in the court of public opinion or
27、 not. Matt Walsh, head of the School of Journalism at Cardiff University said that the prince, unlike other plaintiffs, has the money and the motivation not to settle out of court.“This is part of his lifes work,” Walsh said. “He feels it to be his duty to stop the press being as intrusive and as ag
28、gressive as they are into the private lives of the rich and famous.”【The Washington Post (May 19, 2023)】1. What happened to Prince Harry this week in New York City?A. He suffered from a car wreck just like his mother B. He was chased by photographers at a New York City ballroom C. He and his family
29、were pursued by paparazzi after an award ceremony D. He was badly injured when the transport was chaos 2. What caused the car chase according to Ken Wharfe?A. Prince Harry cant lose contact with the paparazzi for the whole life B. Prince Harry is fighting against three largest tabloids in Britain C.
30、 Prince Harrys phones were hacked and his privacy was invaded D. The ceremony was organized and planned in a poor manner 3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Prince Harry is delighted when the media is inciting hatred on him and his family B. Prince Harry is deter
31、mined to clean up the British presss tabloid culture C. Prince Harry is certain to win an important settlement and the public support D. Prince Harry will settle out of court like other plaintiffs 4. Whats the best title of the passage?A. N.Y. car chase highlights Prince Harrys media missionB. Princ
32、e Harry was upset about the car wreck in N.Y.C. How to change British presss tabloid culture?D. Prince Harry was angry about privacy intrusion Students at Texas A&M University at Commerce were in celebration mode this past weekend, as parents filed into the universitys Field House to watch students
33、donned in cap and gown walk the graduation stage.But for pupils in Jared Mumms animal science class, the fun was cut short when they received a heated email Monday afternoon saying that students were in danger of failing the class for using ChatGPT to cheat. “The final grade for the course is due to
34、day at 5 p.m.,” the instructor warned. “I will be giving everyone in this course an X,” indicating incomplete.Mumm, an instructor at the universitys agricultural college, said hed copied the student essays into ChatGPT and asked the software to detect if the artificial intelligence-backed chatbot ha
35、d written the assignments. Students flagged as cheating “received a 0.” He accompanied the email with personal notes in an online portal hosting grades. “I will not grade chat Gpt s*,” he wrote on one students assignment. “I have to gauge what you are learning not a computer.”The email caused a pani
36、c in the class, with some students fearful their diplomas were at risk. One senior, who had graduated over the weekend, said the accusation sent her into a frenzy. She gathered evidence to prove her innocence shed written her essays in Google Docs, which records timestamps and presented it to Mumm a
37、t a meeting.“Weve been through a lot to get these degrees,” she said. “The thought of my hard work not being acknowledged, and my character being questioned. It just really frustrated me.”The rise of generative artificial intelligence, which underlies software that creates words, texts and images, i
38、s sparking a pivotal moment in education. Chatbots can craft essays, poems, computer code and songs that can seem human-made, making it difficult to ascertain who is behind any piece of content.While ChatGPT cannot be used to detect AI-generated writing, a rush of technology companies are selling so
39、ftware they claim can analyze essays to detect such text. But accurate detection is very difficult, according to educational technology experts, forcing American educators into a pickle: adapt to the technology or make futile attempts to limit the ways its used.Educational experts say the tensions e
40、rupting at Texas A&M lay bare a troubling reality: protocols on how and when to use chatbots in classwork are vague and unenforceable, with any effort to regulate use risking false accusations.In response to concerns in the classroom, a fleet of companies have released products claiming they can fla
41、g AI generated text. Plagiarism detection company Turnitin unveiled an AI-writing detector in April to subscribers. A Post examination showed it can wrongly flag human generated text as written by AI. In January, ChatGPT-maker OpenAI said it created a tool that can distinguish between human and AI-g
42、enerated text, but noted that it “is no fully reliable” and incorrectly labels such text 9 percent of the time.Educational technology experts said use of this software may harm students, it still causes mental and emotional strain when a student is wrongly accused. “False positives carry real harm,”
43、 he said. “At the scale of a course, or at the scale of the university, even a one or 2% rate of false positives will negatively impact dozens or hundreds of innocent students.”Bruce Schneier, a public interest technologist and lecturer at Harvard Universitys Kennedy School of Government, said any a
44、ttempts to crackdown on the use of AI chatbots in classrooms is misguided, and history proves that educators must adapt to technology. Schneier doesnt discourage the use of ChatGPT in his own classrooms. Educators must grapple with the concept of “what does it mean to test knowledge.” In this new ag
45、e, he said, it will be hard to get students to stop using AI to write first drafts of essays, and professors must tailor curriculums in favor of other assignments, such as projects or interactive work.“Pedagogy is going to be different,” he said. “And fighting AI, I think its a losing battle.”【The W
46、ashington Post (May 19, 2023)】1.Why werent pupils in animal science class in celebration mood?A. their parents couldnt attend their graduation ceremony B. their diplomas might be out of reach with the failure of the class C. they hadnt received an email from their instructor D. they were graded “X”
47、in animal science class2. Whats the meaning of the underlined word “pivotal” in paragraph 5?A. critical B. urgent C. threatening D. severe 3. Educational technology experts will argue for which of the following statements?A. its easy to operate a detection software to analyze AI-generated writingB.
48、American education should make constant attempts to limit the use of ChatGPTC. it may do harm to students to use AI-writing detectorD. OpenAI can create a tool to distinguish between human and AI-generated text4. How does Schneier think of the use of AI chatbots in classrooms?A. disapproval B. objective C. neutral D. supportive 答案BDACCDBABACD学科网（北京）股份有限公司