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1、长沙市明德中学2022年高二年级下学期期中考试英语试卷注意事项：1 .答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在 答题卡上的指定位置.2 .选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写 在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3 .非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4 .考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共
2、5小题;每小题L5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How does the woman feel about the mans idea?A. Great.B. Serious.C. Unrealistic.2. What are the speakers doing?A. Making a call. B. Driving a car. C. Watching TV.3. How much would it c
3、ost to stay at the Swiss Chalet for a week?A. 100 dollars. B. 115 dollars. C. 126 dollars.4. What do we learn from the conversation?A. The woman is complaining.B. The socks are of good quality.C. It happens at home.5. What did the man do last Friday?A. He had dinner out. B. He went to the cinema. C.
4、 He listened to a concert.第二节（共15小题;每小题L5分,满分22.5分）phone radiation.12. We cant be sure whether cell phones cause cancer because.A. there has been little research on the problem up to nowB. its difficult to track the bad effects of cell phone radiationC. different studies has been arguing fiercely ab
5、out this problemD. there has been little evidence of it given the short history of cell phones. 13. What did the IARC find from their research?A. Radiation from the cell phone is certain to cause some brain cancers.B. Using cell phone for long periods of time could increase the risk of cancer.C. Cel
6、l phone use is more likely to cause a common cancer than a dangerous one.D. Staying away from cell phones with weak signal can reduce the risk of cancer.14. What is recommended to reduce the harm from cell phone use?A. Staying far away from the signal tower.B. Using cell phones when the signal is we
7、ak.C. Limiting childrens exposure to cell phones.D. Talking more and texting less via cell phones.【答案】12.D13.B14. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过文章主要向读者描述了目前还不确定使用手机是否会致癌，但还是建 议减少手机的使用，尤其是孩子。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段的 No one knows for sure. Mobile phones have only been widely used for around 20 years, with the ver
8、y first ones introduced just over 30 years ago. Ifs too soon to tell just how harmful cell phones are.（没有人确切地知道答案。手机的广泛使用大约20年，最早的一批手机是30前开始使用的，如此来判 断手机有害，操之过急。）可知，不能判断手机是否致癌的原因是，手机使用时间很短，没有足够的证据。 D. there has been little evidence of it given the short history of cell phones （考虑到手机使用史较短，没有证据 来证明）符合题
9、意。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的 However, the study did find enough evidence that using cell phones for long periods of time on the same side of the head could mean an increased risk of glioma.（然而, 研究确实发现了 足 够的证据来证明长时间使用手机意味着glioma风险的增加）可知，IARC发现长时间使用手机会增加患癌 风险。B. Using cell phone for long periods of ti
10、me could increase the risk of cancer.（长时间使用手机会增加癌 症风险）符合题意。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的 Phone use for children should also be limited because their brains absorb twice as much cell phone radiation.（儿童的手机使用应该被限制，因为他们大脑吸收的手机辐射达两倍之多）可 知，建议限制儿童使用手机。C. Limiting childrens exposure to cell phones.（限制儿童接触手机）
11、符合题意。故选C项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。How to get energetic after working hoursAfter a long workday, all you want to do is go home, sit on the couch and turn on the TV. So youve planned to go to the gym after work? TH go tomorrow, I promise. 15 Here are some tip
12、s for getting yourself to hit the gym after a tiresome workday, offered by Womens Health magazine:16Why not change the “Keep calm and carry on“ poster to some inspirational shape-up-messages around your workplace? If you think “No pains, no gains“ is too ordinary, how about “And though she may be bu
13、t little, she is fierce.? When your colleagues ask about it, tell them the quote is from Shakespeare A Midsummer Night s Dream.Eat breakfast.Even though its hours before your trip to the gym, having a balanced breakfast will keep you energized throughout the rest of the day. 17Eat a little lunchNo m
14、atter what youre eating, if you have too much of it, your blood sugar is going to rise rapidly and then drop back down. 18 Try to avoid foods with refined carbohydrates or lots of sugar. Keeping your blood sugar steady will stabilize your energy, help you get more done, and feel awake enough to make
15、 it to the gym.Set the goal really low.19 And once youre at the gym, you might think: Well, I could probably stay just a little longer.” Also remember, some HUT （high intensity interval training） workouts are short but very effective. Just search for HIIT workouts online and you can find loads to te
16、ach yourself.A. Take advantage of tech.B. This will leave you sleepy and unproductive.C. But of course tomorrow will be exactly the same.D. This will guarantee that you wont fdrget“ to go to workout.E. Decorate your office space with motivational photos or slogans.F. Try to include eggs, fruits and
17、whole grain bread in your breakfast.G. If you make your goal really easy, you wont feel too reluctant （勉强的）to achieve it.【答案】15.C16. E 17. F 18. B 19. G【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文就如何在工作后保持精力充沛给出了几点建议。【15题详解】C 项 “But of course, tomorrow will be exactly the same.（但是，当然了，明天也会一模一样）”中的 “tomorrow”呼应前文的“111 go tomo
18、rrow（我明天就去）”，承接上文。故选C。【16题详解】后文 “Why not change the “Keep calm and carry orT poster to some inspirational shape-up-messages around your workplace?（为什么不把工作场所的“保持冷静，继续前进”的海报改成一些鼓舞人心的信息呢？）” 中的 uinspirational“workplace” 分另U呼应 E 项 Decorate your office space with motivational photos or slogans.（用励志照片或标语装饰
19、你的办公空间）”中的“motivational”和“office space”。故选E。【17题详解】根据前文 “Even though its hours before your trip to the gym, having a balanced breakfast will keep you energized throughout the rest of the day.（即使距离去健身房还有儿个小时,吃一顿均衡的早餐也能让你在一 天剩余的时间里精力充沛）”可知，F 项 “Try to include eggs, fruits and whole grain bread in your
20、 breakfast.（尝试在早餐中加入鸡蛋、水果和全麦面包）”是对前文早餐的承接。故选F。【18题详解】B 项 “This will leave you sleepy and unproductive.（这会让你昏昏欲睡，效率低下）”中的 “sleepy and unproductive与后文 “ Keeping your blood sugar steady will stabilize your energy, help you get more done, and feel awake enough to make it to the gym.（保持血糖平稳将稳固你的精力，帮助你完成更
21、多的工作，并且使你 去健身房的时候感觉足够清醒）”中的uhelp you get more done, and feel awakev意思相对，符合本段的表 述。故选B。【19题详解】G 项 “If you make your goal really easy, you wont feel too reluctant （勉强的）to achieve it.（如果你将目标定得很容易，实现起来就不会觉得太勉强）”中的“make your goal really easy”呼应段落小标题uSet the goal really low （把目标定得很低）”。故选G。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分3
22、0分）第一节：完型填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂 里OOne day I was driving to the marsh （湿地）for bird-watching. The weather forecast called for the possibility of fog. As I 20 the destination, the fog began to 21, At a turning point, I lost 22 of the carand ran into the wet land.
23、I tried to open the door, but it was locked as the water had 23 the electrical system. I remembered I had a fire extinguisher （灭“Q器）. I24 it and gave the window a 25 hit. Itmerely bounced off. I hit itagain, with the 26 result.The water level had risen and soon I was swinging （挥动）the extinguisher un
24、derwater. I had to 27 for air and down to take as many 28 as my breath would allow. I was nearly 29. A part of me justwanted to give up. But then another thought came to mind, “You have 30 more time. What will you do with it?” Im going to try 3111 responded.I 32 swinging the fire extinguisher as har
25、d as I could and suddenly the impact felt different. I33 my left hand and felt a hole in the 34.1 knew I was going to live.20. A. soughtB. approachedC. visitedD.chose21. A. riseB. buildC. disappearD. decrease22. A. sightB. touchC. trackD. control23. A. operatedB. settledC. shortedD. developed24. A.
26、closedB. grabbedC. controlledD. broke25. A. indirectB. mildC.sharpD. slight26. A. sameB. joyfulC. positiveD. different27. A. go outB. go awayC. go upD. go over28. A. fistsB. swingsC. cutsD. breaks29. A. delightedB. embarrassedC. determinedD. desperate30. A. farB. muchC. plenty ofD. a little31 A. har
27、derB. worseC. weakerD. better32. A. paused33. A. shookB. continuedB. wavedC. consideredD. startedC. extendedD. took34. A. car【答案】20.BB. door21. A 22. D 23. CC. extinguisherD. window24. B25. C 26. A27. C 28. B29. D 30.31.A32. B33. C34. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者在去湿地观鸟时遇到了大雾，汽车失去控制冲进了沼泽地。作者不断努 力，没有放弃，用灭火器把车窗
28、砸出了一个洞，从而实现了自救。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我接近目的地时，雾开始升起。A. sought寻找；B. approached接近；C. visited 参观；D. chose 选择。根据上文One day I was driving to the marsh （湿地）for bird-watching” 可知, 有一天作者开车去沼泽地观鸟。显然，此句的意思是“当我快到目的地时”。故选B。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我接近目的地时，雾开始升起。A. rise升起；B. build修建；C. disappear消 失；D. decrease 减少。根据上文 uT
29、he weather forecast called for the possibility of fogv 可知,天气预报说可 能有雾。显然要用rise,意思是“雾开始逐渐升起”。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拐弯处，我的汽车失去了控制，冲进了湿地。A. sight视野；B. touch触摸；C.track小径;D. control控制。根据下文“ran into the wet land”可以判断出，车陷进了沼泽地,这就 暗示作者失去了对车的控制。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着开门，但门锁上了，因为水使电力系统短路了。A. operated操作；B.
30、settled 解决；C. shorted（使）短路;D. developed 发展。根据上文 tried to open the door, but it was lockedw 可知，此处表示“我试图打开门，但是门被锁住了，因为水使得电路系统短路了”。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我抓起它，狠狠地打了窗户一下。A. closed关闭；B. grabbed抓住；C.controlled 控制；D. broke 打破。根据上文 “1 had a fire extinguisher和下文 “gave the window a 6hit”可知，作者在这里是抓起了灭火器，然后给窗户狠
31、狠一击。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我抓起它，狠狠地打了窗户一下。A. indirect间接的；B. mild温和的；C.sharp剧烈的；D. slight轻微的。根据下文“It merely bounced off”及常识可知，作者是狠狠地打了窗户一 下，故选c。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我又打了一次，结果还是一样。A. same同样的；B. joyful高兴的；C.positive 积极的；D. different 不同的。根据下文I was swinging the extinguisher underwatern 可知，作者还 是没能敲烂窗户，所以结
32、果和前面是一样的，故选A。27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我必须浮上去呼吸，沉下去挥动灭火器，只要我的呼吸允许，我必须尽可能 多挥动灭火器。A.goout出去；B.goaway走开；C. go up上升；D.goover复习。根据上文“The water level had risen可知，水位上升，显然作者被淹没在水下了，他就不得不从水中浮上来呼吸空气。故选 Co28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我必须浮上去呼吸，沉下去挥动灭火器，只要我的呼吸允许，我必须尽可能 多挥动灭火器。A. fists拳头；B.swings摆动；C.cuts划口； D. breaks休息。根据上文“I was
33、swinging the extinguisher underwater”可知，作者在水下挥动灭火器，显然此处要用swings,意思是“摆动，挥动”， 表示“只要我的呼吸允许，我必须尽可能多挥动灭火器”。故选B。29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我几乎绝望了。A. delighted高兴的；B. embarrassed尴尬的的；C.determined 下定决心的；D. desperate 绝望的。根据下文“A part of me just wanted to give up. ” 可知，作者 几乎绝望了，故选D。30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你还有一点时间。A. far远的;B
34、. much很多;C.plenty of大量的;D. a little 一点儿。根据下文What will you do with it?可知，作者感觉到他只有一点（alittle）时间了。故选D。31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我会更加努力，”我回答说。A.harder更努力地；B.worse更差地；C. weaker 更弱地；D. better 更好地。根据下文 “swinging the fire extinguisher as hard as I could” 和常识可 知，作者要更加努力才能把窗户敲碎。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我继续使劲摆动着灭火器，突然间
35、，我感到了不同的冲击。A. paused暂停；B. continued 继续；C. considered 考虑；D. started 开始。根据下文 “I could and suddenly the impact felt different可知，作者继续使劲摆动着灭火器。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我伸出左手，感觉到窗户上有个洞。A. shook摇晃；B. waved挥手；C. extended伸出；D.took拿走。根据下文felt a hole可知,作者是伸出左手,感觉到窗户上有个洞。故 选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我伸出左手,感觉到窗户上有个洞。A.
36、 car汽车;B. door门；C. extinguisher 灭火器;D. window窗户。根据下文“I knew I was going to live. ”可知，窗户上砸出了个洞,所以作者觉 得自己能活下去了。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Artificial intelligence, also known as machine intelligence, is 35 branch of computer science that aims 36 (create)intelligent mach
37、ines. It is the development of computers since the 1940s that has made the dream of AI n reality. Since the field of Al was 37 (official)founded in the mid-1950s, people have been predicting the rise of intelligence machines.However, Al technology developed very slowly for a long time. Not until 199
38、7,38 Deep Bluedefeated the world chess champion, did AI make a major breakthrough. In 2017, Ke Jie, arguably the best human Go player, 39 (beat)by a computer program named AlphaGo, marking a significant advance in deeplearning Al systems.AI is currently being applied in many fields, 40 (transform)th
39、e way we live. Apparently, we are at a turning point in history. Although intelligent robots will be working to 41 (us)advantage someday in the future, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. Where will all this lead?Will we fall victim42 AI?Stephen Hawking warned, “The development o
40、f full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race. Such 43 (waming)deserve our attention. Indeed, it is fantastic to allow a robot to do all the work for us, 44 we shouldnt be too greedy and rather be careful what we wish fbr.【答案35. a 36. to create37. officially38. when 39. was be
41、aten40. transforming41. our 42. to43. warnings44. but【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能的发展以及人们对人工智能的担忧。35题详解】考查冠词。句意：人工智能，也被称为机器智能，是计算机科学的一个分支，旨在创造智能机器。名词 branch为可数名词，泛指，表示“一个分支”，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人工智能，也被称为机器智能，是计算机科学 一个分支，旨在创造智能机 器。aim to do sth.旨在做某事。故填to create。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：自人工智能领域于上世纪50
42、年代中期正式成立以来，人们一直在预测智能机器的崛起。修饰动词，用副词形式。故填officially。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：直到1997年，深蓝打败了国际象棋世界冠军，人工智能才取得了重大突破。句中 先行词为1997,在非限定性定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。【39题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：2017年，可以说是人类最优秀的围棋选手柯洁被名为AlphaG。的计算机程序击 败，标志着深度学习人工智能系统的重大进步。根据时间状语In 2017可知，用一般过去时。主语KeJie 与beat之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was beaten。【40题详
43、解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人工智能目前正被应用于许多领域，改变着我们的生活方式。句中已有谓语动 词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语AI与transform之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填 transforming o41题详解】考查代词。句意：虽然智能机器人在未来的某一天会对我们有利，但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了担忧 和恐惧。名词advantage前用形容词性物主代词。故填our。【42题详解】考查介词。句意:我们会成为人工智能的受害者吗？ fall victim to成为的牺牲品、受害者。故填t。【43题详解】考查名词的数。句意：这样的警告值得我们注意。名词warning为可数名词
44、，前无冠词，所以用复数形 式。故填 warnings。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：确实，让机器人为我们做所有的工作是不可思议的，但我们不应该太贪婪，而应该小 心我们的愿望。根据 心 is fantastic to allow a robot to do all the work for us,” 和 “we shouldnt be too greedy and rather be careful what we wish for.”可知，前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故填but。第四部分 写作（共两节;满分40分）第一节（满分15分）45.假设你是校英语报记者李华，你校最近进行
45、了一次全校学生视力检查，结果显示有80%多的高中生患 有近视，请你就此写一篇英语通讯稿投稿。内容包含：1 .现状；2 .分析原因（过度用眼，不良阅读习惯等）；3 .建议（提高护眼意识，增加户外运动等）。2、可以适当增加要点。注意：1、字数约80左右；An eyesight test was held by our school recently.【答案】An eyesight test was held by our school recently. The result shows that almost 80% of high school students are now sufferi
46、ng high levels of short-sightedness, fuelling great concerns from the teenagers.Various factors contribute to the serious problem, overuse of eyes, poor reading habits and improper sitting position, to name but a few. It9s high time that we take effective measures to solve it. One good way to protec
47、t our eyes is to take part in outdoor activities regularly, which will benefit our eyes a lot. Besides, raising awareness of saving our sight is also of great significance, always reminding us to use our eyes properly.In a word, each of us should attach more importance to the sight protection.【解析】【导
48、语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生就最近全校学生的视力检查结果写一篇通讯稿投稿。【详解】1.词汇积累最近：recently一lately表明：show一indicate各种各样 的：variety ofvarious导致：contribute tolead to2 ,句型拓展合并句子原句： An eyesight test was held by our school recently. The result shows that almost 80% of high school students are now suffering high levels of short-sightedness,