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1、浙江省高二年级第二学期期中易错回顾-阅读理解【语篇1】You might see loneliness as someone （usually an old person） sits alone, staring into the distance or out of a window. Such images are deceptive. Researchers have actually found that those who report experiencing loneliness the most are young people, and such images of soli
2、tude dont match the experience of loneliness during youth. Those years are typically spent surrounded by other people, at school or at work.Loneliness during youth can be defined as a negative feeling about a difference between the relationships we have and those we want. This means we might feel lo
3、nely in the company of others if we dont feel they understand us or share common interests with us. Although loneliness is often a difficult experience, it can help us to reconnect and to rethink our relationships so that we can build （or seek out） the ones that mean the most to us.There are certain
4、 features of youth that tend to give rise to loneliness. In youth, our friendships are increasingly important in providing us with emotional support. Research shows that young people have higher expectations of their friendships than adults do; they show a preference for larger friend groups, more c
5、ompanionship and higher frequency of contact with friends. When we consider that loneliness serves the function of keeping us safe within our social world, it makes sense that the feeling like we do not “fit in”, as so many young people feel, gives rise to loneliness. Another reason is our developin
6、g sense of self-discovering who we are. That often means changes to values or beliefs. It can be challenging when your friends are going through the same process, but might not follow the same path as you. Young people often report feeling lonely at school, while home is a comfortable space. But whe
7、n there are difficulties at home-such as arguments or tension with family members and the departure of supportive family members-these can make the feeling of loneliness worse.If you find yourself feeling lonely and it seems like nothing is helping, do not give up hope. It is likely that you have no
8、t yet found the strategy that works for you. Here are some practical steps you can try, starting with what you can do on your own and moving on to ways to connect with others.1. What does loneliness of young people usually refer to?A. Not having a preference for dealing with tough things alone.B. No
9、t having friends or family for company when in trouble.C. Not having interest in others school life within the social world.D. Not having positive attitude to the present relationships with others.2. What will the text probably talk about next?A. Suggestions on how to beat loneliness.B. More reasons
10、 that cause the feeling of loneliness.C. Strategies to deal with the arguments or tension in family.D. Ways to face the departure of supportive family members.【语篇2】About one-third of adults globally have high blood pressure, which increases the risk of having a heart attack or stroke（中风）.Physical ac
11、tivity is known to lower blood pressure. However, many people have trouble keeping to exercise plans.Yoga tends to be more sustainable（可持续的）than other forms of exercise because it is gentle, can be done with others and helps to relax the mind. Several experiments have found that yoga lowers blood pr
12、essure. However, these experiments have typically involved several sessions a week, which may not be achievable for many people.To find out if yoga helps to reduce blood pressure in the real world, some researchers conducted a new study and analysed the electronic health records of 1,355 people aged
13、 18 to 79 who practised yoga at least once a week. They compared each of these people with at least three other individuals. They had similar characteristics in terms of things like age, gender, and body mass index（BMI）, but had no mention of practising yoga in their records. On average, the people
14、who practised yoga had systolic blood pressure（收缩压）that was 2.8 mmHg lower and diastolic blood pressure（舒张压）that was 1.5 mmHg lower than those who didnt.This blood pressure reduction probably wouldnt make a huge difference to most people in the study, since they tended to be young and healthy. They
15、already had normal blood pressure. But at a population level, if average blood pressure declined by this much, it would prevent a significant number of heart attacks and strokes. For example, a 2018 study found that a population-wide average systolic blood pressure reduction of 2 mmHg among middle-a
16、ged adults in the US would prevent more than 12,000 heart attacks and 7,000 strokes each year.Based on the new study, we cant say for sure that yoga lowers blood pressure, because there may be other explanations for the findings. People who do yoga may have lower blood pressure because they tend to
17、have better diets, not because of the yoga itself. And yoga shouldnt be seen as the replacement for blood pressure lowering medicines. Nevertheless, yoga is likely to assist in lowering blood pressure if it encourages sedentary（久坐的）people to exercise. Z/The greatest benefit is getting the exercise-s
18、hy to do something rather than increasing exercise in someone who does it regularly/ an expert says.3. Which of the following can be inferred from the new study?A. The study took the relevant factors in reality into consideration.B. All these participants were of the same age and gender.C. The study
19、 analysed different kinds of exercise.D. The researchers studied the participants daily routine.4. What does the author want to show by the example in paragraph 4?A. The results are far from satisfactory.B. Lowering blood pressure is quiteeasy.C. Blood pressure reduction is beneficial.D. Doing yoga
20、once a week ismeaningful.5. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Other reasons have been found to explain the blood pressure reduction for certain.B. Encouraging inactive people to do yoga possibly contributes to lowering blood pressure.C. Having better diets is more important than practisin
21、g yoga regularly for sedentary people.D. The benefits of practising yoga are equal to taking blood pressure lowering medicines.【语篇3】As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, fr
22、om the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the cast of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification. Z/Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off,
23、 and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks/ A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 per cent of Tunisias agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.Toumi recognized that farm
24、ing practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers rather than chemicals.In 2012, Toumi strengthened her
25、 dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertif
26、ication and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water/By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 per cent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protectTunisias far
27、mland. She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2018. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.6. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Saving Water in TunisiaB. Planting Trees of Native SpeciesC. Holding back the SaharaD. Fighting
28、 Poverty in North Africa【语篇4】WHEN KIM JI-UN lived in Seoul, she worried about finding a good job. Now, she is worried that drought may ruin her crop. The 23-year-old started a farm last year. Her first harvest was a success; she was surprised that her black beans did better than her strawberries.Ms
29、Kim is part of a phenomenon called kwichon, or returning to rural life. Created a millennium ago.kwichon appears during periods of economic hardship. This time, in the wake of the pandemic, many new farmers have never lived in the countryside before. By planting young farmers in rural areas, the gov
30、ernment hopes to enjoy big rewards in future.The plan is working. In 2021 nearly 380, 000 people moved to the countryside. Comfort with digital technology gives young farmers a leg up, says Cho Kyung-ik, the director of the Beginning Farmers Centre,an institution educating those who wish to kwichon
31、at its downtown offices. They sell fresh produce on Naver; South Koreas largest search engine.The centre teaches techniques like how to use a tractor or select the best crops. It arranges a trial period during which ambitious farmers work under the guidance of an old hand, learning what it means to
32、do back-breaking labour from dawn to dusk.The most important lesson is how to get on with the locals. The villagers are also offered tips on how to act towards the newcomers. That part is not yet a total success. Ms Kim says her neighbors have a bad temper. /zThe old people come in here and give me
33、unwanted advice, or say that I will never be able to grow anything/ she says. Her black beans beg to differ. She and the South Korean government will be hoping that her crops put the argument to rest for good.7. What can we infer from kwichon in South Korea?A. Farming makes huge profits.B. Locals ne
34、ed technical training.C. It helps to bring rural areas back to life.D. Government should helpfarmers.【语篇5】Theres a new Al bot: ChatGPT； and youd better pay attention, even if you arent into artificial intelligence. The tool is an Al chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off an
35、d test what a very large, powerful Al system can achieve.ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It gets its answers from huge quantities of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of la
36、rge language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement (强化)learning.You can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming help. Perhaps its not smart enough to replace all humans yet, but
37、it can be creative, and its answers can sound professional. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok abo
38、ut 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server, it overloads and cant process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people ar
39、e trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an option for you. As of Feb.l, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month.However, ChatGPT c
40、an not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence bot that provides solutions to your questions, but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is upda
41、ted every day.8. Why are Tiktok and Instagram mentioned in paragraph 3?A. To show the popularity of ChatGPT.B. To stress the high cost ofinventing ChatGPTC. To present the creativity of artificial intelligenceD. To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.9. What is a limitation o
42、f ChatGPT compared with Google?A. It operates based on limited data.B. It takes more time to search forsolutions.C. It can only update information at a fixed time.D. It may provide replies unrelatedto the questions.【语篇6】The memory of elephants is the stuff of lore （传说），and now it seems they can reca
43、ll the smell of a relative even after a decade apart.When Franziska Horner at the University of Wuppertal in Germany and her colleagues heard about planned reunions between two mother-daughter pairs at zoos in Germany, they took advantage of the chance to test the elephants memories. One pair had be
44、en separated for two years, while the other had spent 12 years apart.Horner collected faecal （排泄物的）samples from these African elephants and others at German zoos,hauling the stinking 10-to-15-kilogram samples around in her tiny car.Her team presented these samples one at a time to the four elephants
45、 in advance of their reunions with family members. When they encountered faeces from unrelated elephants,either those in the same zOO unfamiliar animals, they sniffed and walked away.But when presented with a sample from the mother or daughter they were due to be reunited with, the female elephants
46、repeatedly sniffed the samples and showed a variety of reactions, from making sounds to flapping their ears.Such reactions may be linked to positive emotions, the researchers say. That was amazing and really intense/ says Homer. We were sure they do remember, and they know exactly what they are smel
47、ling there/The sample size was small, but it would be cruel to do similar tests on elephants that werent being reunited, says Horner.“I am not surprised that elephants have memories, especially in social contexts, that last along time/ says Joshua Plotnik at Hunter College in New York, who wasnt inv
48、olved with the work. Elephants live in groups that split up and come back together over long periods of time.But Plotnik says the experiment may not be a true test of memory. There may be scent cues（线索，提示）common to all relatives that can trigger recognition not linked to memory, he says, and present
49、ing the elephants with other smells would help make sense of their responses. 10. Why did Horner collect faecal samples from elephants at German zoos?A. To figure out mother and daughter elephants.B. To haul samples in the tiny car.C. To help elephants reunite with their family.D. To test elephants memories.11. How did the elephants react when presented with samples from family members?A