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1、 动词的时态及语态动词的时态及语态动词决定句子的结构或句型，它有时态、动词决定句子的结构或句型，它有时态、语态、字形等的变化。本节要求熟记动词语态、字形等的变化。本节要求熟记动词的词形变化；掌握初中阶段出现的八种时的词形变化；掌握初中阶段出现的八种时态，重点掌握一般现在时、一般将来时、态，重点掌握一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时、一般将来时和现在完成时；一般过去时、一般将来时和现在完成时；同时要掌握被动语态的用法。同时要掌握被动语态的用法。时态时态 用法用法特征词特征词一般现一般现在时在时1.表示经常性、习惯性表示经常性、习惯性的动词动作或现在存在的动词动作或现在存在的状态。的状态。2.表示
2、事先安排好的事表示事先安排好的事情。情。always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never,every day现在进现在进行时行时1.表示现在或现阶段正表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作。在发生的动作。2.表示事先安排好的即表示事先安排好的即将发生的动作。将发生的动作。at the moment,today,now,right now,Listen!Look!1.She often _ (play)basketball.2.My father _(do)exercise every day._ plays_does一般现在时结构：一般现在时结构：1.主语主语+b
3、e（am/is/are)+其他其他 2.主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其他其他 3.主语（第三人称单数）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词行为动词 的第三人称单数的第三人称单数+其他其他 注意注意:动词的第三人称单数形式的形成动词的第三人称单数形式的形成现在进行时现在进行时:结构结构:主语主语+be(am/is/are)现在分词现在分词1.Mum _(sleep)now._is sleeping2.Look!Someone_(sing)._ is singing时态时态 用法用法特征词特征词一般将一般将来时来时表示将要发生的动作或存表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态或事先安排好要在的状态或事先安排好要做
4、的事情。做的事情。注意：某些表示位置移动注意：某些表示位置移动的动词，如的动词，如go,come,leave,travel等，等，起现在进行时形式表将来起现在进行时形式表将来时时Tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,next day/week/Sunday.“in+一段时间一段时间”基本句式：基本句式：1.主语主语+be going to+动原动原 2.主语主语+will/shall+动原动原Millie is writing about what her family members are doing.Help her complete her article w
5、ith the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.Lets do some exercise!I(1)_(have)a day out with my classmates this Saturday,so I(2)_(need)a pair of trainers.Mum(3)_(shop)online for me now.She often(4)_(shop)online.Dad(5)_(search)for information on the Internet.He(6)_(visit)Japan next week.Grandpa(7)
6、_(read)the newspaper and Grandma(8)_(watch)TV.I(9)_(want)to write an email to Wendy before I(10)_(go)to bed.will haveneedis shoppingshopsis searchingwill visitis readingis watchingwantgo时态时态用法用法常用特征词常用特征词一般一般过去过去时时1.过去发生或过去经常过去发生或过去经常发生的动作。发生的动作。2.过去存在的状态。过去存在的状态。yesterday,two years ago,last week,th
7、e other day,in 1999过去过去进行进行时时1.表示过去某个时刻正表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作在发生的动作2.过去同一时间里同时过去同一时间里同时发生的两个动作。发生的两个动作。3.过去一个时间段内持过去一个时间段内持续发生的动作。续发生的动作。at this time yesterday,from to,last night一般过去时的结构：一般过去时的结构：主语主语+动词的过去式动词的过去式+其他其他注意：动词过去式的构成注意：动词过去式的构成过去进行时的结构：过去进行时的结构：主语主语+be(was/were)+doing+其他其他e.g.:She _(go)to the
8、 zoo yesterday.wente.g.:I_(go)shopping at 5:00 yesterday afternoon.was goingSimon and his friends are talking about what they did after dinner last night.Complete their conversation with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.Simon:I(1)_(watch)a wonderful football match from 7 p.m.to 8:30 p.m.y
9、esterday.My favorite team(2)_(win)the match.Millie:I(3)_(write)an email to Wendy at 7 p.m.yesterday.She(4)_(send)me an email last week.Sandy:I(5)_(practise)playing the piano the whole night.I(6)_(take)part in a competition this morning.was watchingwonwas writingsentwas practisingtookPeter:Last night
10、,I(7)_(find)a website about travelling in space.I(8)_(read)passages on the website while you(9)_(play)the piano,Sandy.Daniel:I(10)_(talk)to Aunt Jane on the phone at 7:30 yesterday evening.She(11)_(call)me the day before yesterday,but I(12)_(be not)at home then.foundwas readingwere playing was talki
11、ng calledwas not时态时态 用法用法注意注意一般一般过去过去时时只强调过去的动作或状只强调过去的动作或状态，不与现在发生联态，不与现在发生联系系时态状语是过去的，时态状语是过去的，yesterday,in 1998等。等。现在现在完成完成时时1.强调过去发生的动作强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影对现在产生的结果或影响。响。2.强调过去发生的动作强调过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。一直持续到现在。3.强调过去某个动作到强调过去某个动作到现在已经发生多少次。现在已经发生多少次。1.already,yet,ever,just,recently2.在肯定句中与在肯定句中与“since
12、+过去点时过去点时间、间、for+段时间段时间”连用时，谓语动词连用时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。必须是延续性动词。非延续性动词非延续性动词 延续性动词延续性动词 buyopenclosebegin/startcomegofinishdiejoinget marriedhavekeepbe openbe onbe herebe therebe overbe deadbe in /be a member ofbeen married转换转换The film has started for over ten minutes.（误）（误）The film has been on for over t
13、en minutes.（正）（正）（与（与for,since等表示从过去到现在的等表示从过去到现在的时间段连用时，肯定句中要用延续性时间段连用时，肯定句中要用延续性动词）动词）电影已经开始十多分钟了。电影已经开始十多分钟了。Millie is writing about some modern inventions that have changed the way we live.Help her choose the correct words in brackets to complete her article.Many modern inventions(1)_(make/have
14、made)a great difference in our life.They(2)_(changed/have changed)the way we live.In ancient times,people(3)_(used/have used)salt to help them keep fish or meat for a longer time.Fresh food would go bad in summer in a few hours.The invention of fridge(4)_(solved/has solved)this problem.have madehave
15、 changedusedhas solvedIn the past,people(5)_(washed/have washed)their clothes by hand.It(6)_(was/has been)tiring,and it(7)_(took/has taken)a lot of time.With the invention of the washing machine,people(8)_(had/have had)more time to relax.In the old days,people(9)_(travelled/have travelled)by ship.No
16、w planes(10)_(made/have made)journeys more comfortable.washedwastookhave hadtravelledhave made手工手工牛刀初试：1.-It seems that you have learnt a lot about Chengdu.-Of course.I _here for ten years.A.have been in B.have beenC.have come D.came to2.A new high-speed train railway station _in Hechi in five years
17、.A.will build B.will be builtC.has built D.has been builtBB 3.-It is said that the number of forest parks in Guangdong_ to more than 1,000 so far.A.increase B.increased C.has increased D.will increase4.-What is Bill doing right now?-He_ soccer.He _soccer every Saturday.A.plays;plays B.plays;is playi
18、ng C.is playing;plays5.-When will A Bite of China III begin tonight?-It _for ten minutes.A.will begin B.has begun C.will be on D.has been on CCD6-There _great changes in Tianshui in next ten years.A.are B.were C.will be D.are going to have7.-Do you still play basketball?-Oh,no.I _ it for the past tw
19、o years.A.havent played B.didnt playC.wont play D.hadnt playedCA8.-_ you _ a wash yet?-Yes,I _ a moment ago.A.Did,have;have washed B.Did,have;washe C.Have,had;washed D.Have,had;have washed9.-Howard,I havent seen your mum for a long time.She _London on business fo several days.A.went to B.has gone to C.has been to D.Has been toCB