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1、托福阅读否定事实信息题1.否定事实信息题介绍2.做题方法3.练习1.否定事实信息题介绍1.1 基本介绍基本介绍题型描述题型描述根据文章明确陈述的信息，确定哪些信息是根据文章明确陈述的信息，确定哪些信息是不真实的或者是原文所没有提及的。不真实的或者是原文所没有提及的。数量数量每篇0-2个答题时间答题时间每题最多两分钟1.2 题型识别题型识别uAccordingtotheparagraph,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofX?uTheauthorsdescriptionofXmentionsallofthefollowingEXCEPT2.做题方法2.1 步骤步骤u读题
2、目，找线索u读选项，找关键词u读原文，排除选项TPO27-PASSAGE1：SomeoftheearliesthumancivilizationsaroseinsouthernMesopotamia,inwhatisnowsouthernIraq,inthefourthmillenniumB.C.E.Inthesecondhalfofthatmillennium,inthesoutharoundthecityofUruk,therewasanenormousescalationintheareaoccupied by permanent settlements.A large part of
3、that increasetook place in Uruk itself,which became a real urban centersurrounded by a set of secondary settlements.While populationestimates are notoriously unreliable,scholars assume that Urukinhabitants were able to support themselves from the agriculturalproductionofthefieldsurroundingthecity,wh
4、ichcouldbereachedwithadailycommute.ButUruksdominantsizeintheentireregion,far surpassing that of other settlements,indicates that it was aregionalcenterandatruecity.Indeed,itwasthefirstcityinhumanhistory.2.1.1真题真题演练一演练一Accordingtoparagraph1,allofthefollowingaretrueoftheancientsettlementatUrukEXCEPT:I
5、twasapermanentsettlementItwasself-sufficientItwasoneofagroupofotherlargersettlementsIthadeasyaccesstothelandwhereitscropweregrownStep1：题目中的线索词为ancientsettlementatUrukStep2:看原文中对ancientsettlement的描述；Step3：分别可以找到的是ABD选项；C是答案。TPO27-Passage3Paragraph4:Thepreferredfoodsofsnowshoeharesarewillowandbirch tw
6、igs.As hare density increases,the quantity of these twigsdecreases,forcingthe hares to feed on low-quality,high-fiberfood.Lower birth rates,low juvenile survivorship,and low growth ratesfollow,sothereisacorrespondingdeclineinhareabundance.Oncetheharepopulationhasdeclined,ittakestwotothreeyearfortheq
7、uantityoftwigstorecover.2.1.2真题演练二真题演练二Accordingtoparagraph4,allofthefollowingaretrueofthefoodofsnowshoeharesEXCEPT:ThepreferredfoodforharesconsistsofwillowandbirchtwigsHighfiberfoodisthemostnutritiousforharesDepletionofthesupplyofwillowandbirchtwigscauseslowbirthandgrowthratesThefoodsupplytakestwoo
8、rthreeyearstorecoverafterapeakinharepopulationdensityStep1：线索词 the food of snowshoe haresStep2：看原文对比选项 A选项原文重现；B选项与原文不符合（原文是说，随着数量的增加，必须吃low-quality，high-fiber的事物；但选项B中说high-fiber是最营养的；不符合。Step3：确定正确答案为B2.2方法方法u对比排除u正确选项特点：跟原文信息不符合；在原文中找不到出处；u错误选项特点：跟原文完全一致；或者是同义词替换。3.否定事实信息题练习讲义：p87-971.大小定位2.选项定位3.正确选项特征4.错误选项集中分布5.错误选项分散总结总结：如何做否定事实信息题如何做否定事实信息题u题目题目选项选项原文原文排除排除（无依据（无依据/找不到）找不到）u定位技巧定位技巧-正误选项特征正误选项特征