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1、“情态动词+havedone”的用法“情态动词+have done”也可称为“情态动词+完成体”，此句型既可以用来表示对过去所发生事情的一种推测，也可以用来表达其它含义。它的用法是情态动词语法中的一个难点，又频受历年高考题的青睐。一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.2.Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktotheservant.二、“cant+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。1.Mr
2、.SmithcanthavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.2.Marycanthavestolenyourmoney.Shehasgonehome.三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？”。1.Thereisnolightintheroom.Cantheyhavegoneout?2.Thereisnowheretofindthem.Wherecantheyhavegone?四、“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。意为“本来可以”
3、Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewastoocareless.用于肯定句中表“可能已经”Theycouldhavewalkedtothestation;itwassonear.五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。WhathashappenedtoGeorge?Idontknow.Hemayhavegotlost.六、“might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。1.Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,e
4、venthoughhewasbusy.(MET90)2.Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress,ifyouhadgivenhermorechances.七、“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会”。1.Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboysstory,butyoudidntaskme.2.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldnthaveachievedsomuch.八、“should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。”“shouldnt+have+done”表示本
5、来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。1.Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.2.Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldnthavebeensoharshonhim.九、“oughtto+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.十、“need+have+done”表示本来需
6、要做某事而没有做。“neednt+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”Ineednthaveboughtsomuchwineonlyfivepeoplecame.Heneedhavehurriedtothestation.Inthatcase,hewouldnthavemissedthetrain.总结：Can/couldhavedone“本来能够做而没做”Cant/couldnthavedone“不可能做了”May/mighthavedone“可能做过”Musthavedone“肯定做了”Shouldhavedone“本来应该做”(实际上没做)=oughttohavedone
7、 Shouldnthavedone“本来不应该做”（实际上做了）=oughtnottohavedone Needhavedone“本来需要做”Neednthavedone“本来不需要做”Wouldhavedone“本来会”Wouldnthavedone“本来不会”【经典考例1】Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I_thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.(2006江西)A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetaken C.neednthavetakenD.mustnthavetaken【经典考例2】Asyou
8、workedlateyesterday,you_havecomethismorning.（2006陕西）A.mayntB.cant C.mustntD.neednt 1.Harry_havewonthePhysicscompetitioneasilyyesterday,buthegaveup.A.couldB.mightC.should D.must 2.Hepaidforaseat,whenhe_haveenteredfree.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need Ididntseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.Sheatthemeeting.
9、A.mustnthavespoken B.mightnthavespoken C.couldnthavespoken D.shouldnthavespoke-Hi,isthatPeterBrown?-Sorry.You_thewrongnumber.A.mustdialB.musthavedialed C.shoulddialD.shouldhavedialed Heisnotpoor.You_havelenthimthemoney.A.cantB.neednt C.couldntD.mustnt Therewasplentyoftime.You_havehurried.A.wontB.mus
10、tnt C.needntD.couldnt I_hereintime,butImetanoldfriendofmine.Istoppedandtalkedwithhimforsometime.A.shouldnthavecome B.musthavecome C.neednthavecome D.couldhavecome They _ have finished the work yesterday,but it was raining hard.A.must B.could C.shouldnt D.might Ididnthearthephone.I_asleep.(MET89)A.mustbeB.musthavebeen C.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen