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1、access 接近；使用的权利；去的路(1) Students may have free access to the library.(2) The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. (3) The remote desert area is accessible only by helicopter.词组:have/ get access to 接近；有使用的权利the access to sp. 去的路attach 把附到上She attached a stamp to the envelope and mailed i
2、t.The printer is attached to the computer.The hospital is attached to the university.词组：attach to/ be attached to There was a message attached the flower.4. A young man attached himself to me at the party and I couldnt get rid of him.5. The reason why he cant improve his English is that he doesnt at
3、tach the importance to learning vocabulary.词组： attach oneself to sb. 缠着某人attach the importance to sth 认为很重要attract 吸引1. The top-heavy ancient tower attracts many visitors to the little town.2. Jacks speech attracted the attention of the audience.词组： attract sb./ sth. to attract ones attention/ attra
4、ct the attention of sb 吸引某人的注意力adj. attractive n. attraction 旅游景点: tourist attractionapproach(1)接近V.They are getting excited as the time for launching Change-2 is approaching.Frankly speaking(坦白地讲), few writers approach his richness of language.Whats the best way of approaching this problem?(2)接近；方法
5、 N.1. Alice hadnt heard her husbands approach and jumped as the door opened.2. The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline.辨析：method, way ,means, approach,当解释为“方法，方式”之意时的区别（1）method指有系统、有条理地办事或解决问题的方法。(with this method)（2）way普通用词，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式，也可指特殊的方式或方法。(in this way)（
6、3）means指为达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法、手段或途径。(by this means)（4）approach指从事某事的特别的方法、途径。(the approach to doing sth.)填空approach/ way/ means/ methodWhats the best approach to teaching English?What do you think of the way theyre dealing with waste water?Only by this means can you learn maths well.They worked out the p
7、roblem with the same method.aware 意识到，知道，觉察到1)Most smokers are perfectly aware of the danger of smoking.=Most smokers are aware that smoking is dangerous.2)Many people have become aware of the importance of their surroundings.搭配：sb. be aware of sth. 意识到 sb. be aware that make sb. aware of 使某人意识到make
8、 sb. aware that 使知道.awareness n. raise ones awareness ofcalm adj./vIt is important to keep calm in an emergency.2. Young man, what you have said sounds reasonable. Calm down. Dont be so angry.词组： keep/ stay calm 保持冷静calm() down 冷静下来concern Some people dont show much concern for our environment. Peop
9、le raise more concern about the traffic in big cities. The boys poor performance at school concerned his parents.词组: show concern for 对关心 raise concern about 引起对的关注She concerns herself about her sons future.= She is concerned about his sons future.(2) It is reported that the pop singer is concerned
10、with selling drug.(3) As far as Im concerned, the second arrangement is more suitable.(4) Police are anxious to hear any information concerning him.词组:be concerned about 对担忧be concerned with 与有关as far as sb. be concerned 在某人看来concerning 与有关关于住房的问题 problems concerning housingEx:What I _B_ is how you
11、feel after spending the “Golden Week”.am concerned B. am concerned aboutC. am concerned with D. had concerned2. The speech he made _d_ the football match bored a lot of fans to death.being concerned B. concernC. Concerned D. concerning consist of 由组成1）The committee consists of seven members.2）His jo
12、b consists of helping old people who live alone.注意：（1）consist of 不用被动式和进行时（2）consist of = be made up of = be composed ofcontrary1. Contrary to popular belief, the animals do not often attack humans.2. -The movie is good. -On the contrary, I dislike it.词组： adj. contrary to 与相反的是n. on the contrary 相反的
13、convenient adj.(1) The digital camera is simple and convenient to use.(2) Will it be convenient for you to come in the morning?(3) Please come at your convenience.n. convenience归纳: It be convenient (for sb) to do 做某事对某人来讲方便 sth be convenient to do 某物用起来很方便 at sbs convenience = if it is convenient fo
14、r sb 在某人方便的时候destroy （ed,ed）vt.毁坏，摧毁 n. destruction adj. destructive1) Half of the worlds rainforest have already been destroyed.2) The earthquake destroyed the town, killing about 20,000 people.3) If the tree falls that way, it will destroy the car.比较destroy, damage, ruindestroy常指彻底破坏，以致不能或很难修复，常作“
15、破坏、毁灭”讲，也可指抽象的（比如希望、计划等）破灭damageruin表示严重破坏，强调致使该物的使用价值出现了问题。也可表示某人破产。表示废墟常用复数ruins。Practice:1) He damaged the window of my car with a stone.2) They have destroyed all the evidence.3) The crops were ruined by the snow disaster.differ(1) They always differ from me about how to stop the factory from po
16、lluting the river.(2) She differs from her sisters in looks.Thats where they differ.adj. different n. difference(4) Can you see any difference between these two pictures?(5) It makes no difference to me whether you go or not. 词组:A differ from B in A与B在不同A is different from B in difference between 之间
17、的不同make a/no difference 有（无）差别distinguish 辨别；区别(1) The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to distinguish one from the other.(2) You should be able to distinguish between right and wrong.(3) She has already distinguished herself as an athlete.词组:distinguish from 区分和distinguish between an
18、d distinguish oneself 使某人出众adj distinguishedglance 匆匆地看一眼；瞥1. I glanced at my watch and was surprised to see that it was nearly midnight.2. He glanced over the letter.3. We glanced through the book.4. He saw at a glance that she was crying.5. I took a glance at the newspaper.相关搭配：glance at 匆匆地看一眼 gl
19、ance over/ through 浏览at a glance 看一眼 take/ give/ throw a glance at 匆匆的看一眼grateful 感激的They sent us a grateful letter.Id be very grateful if you could let me know as soon as possible.Im really grateful to you for your help.He was grateful to have someone to talk to.相关搭配：be grateful to sb. for sth. be
20、grateful to do be made up of1）Water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen.2）The team consists of nine players.3）Thirty boys and twenty girls make up our class.4）Youd better work harder to make up for the time you wasted.固定搭配：make up 组成，构成；编造；化妆make up for sth. 弥补in sight 看得见；在视线内 sight n.(1)视线；视力He has
21、long sight so he cant see clearly.It was his first sight of a tiger.(2)景观；景象The sunset was a beautiful sight.相关短语归纳：at first sight 一看见 at the sight of 看见in (within) sight 在视线内 out of sight 看不见catch/ get sight of 突然看见 come in (into) sight 进入视线内lose ones sight 失明 lose sight of 看不见in memory of 为了纪念1)Th
22、ey will build a monument in memory of the national hero.2)The book is written in memory of Luxun.拓展：in praise of 为了赞美 in favor of 支持in need of 需要 in honor of 为纪念in place of 代替 in search of 寻找in case of 万一 in charge of 掌管，负责no doubt 无疑，确实1) There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matt
23、er.2) I have no doubt that he will succeed.3) He doubts if/ whether she will keep her promise.拓展：in doubt 怀疑，拿不定主意no/without/ beyond doubt无疑地，必定judge (1)n.法官，审判员，裁判1) He was one of the judges of the football match.2) The judge made recommendations to the court.(2)判断，断定，审判1) I couldnt judge whether t
24、he delay was good or bad.2) You cant judge a person by his looks.3) Judging by/ from what he said, he must be an honest man.固定搭配：judgefrom/by 根据判断Judging by/ from 从判断来看，根据来判断（做状语）likely1. It is likely to rain tonight.2. He isnt likely to win.3. It is very likely that shell ring me tonight.= She is l
25、ikely to ring me tonight.词组：Sb. be likely to do It is likely thatIt is possible/ probable (for (sb) to do that (2) Who is _B_ to go traveling with us?possible B. likely C. probable D. perhaps(3) What do you think is the most _B_ result?like B. likely C. possibly D. probablyoccupy(1)占领The enemy soon
26、occupied the town.(2)担任的职务He occupies an important position in the Ministry of Education.(3)占用；占据The bed seems to occupy most of the room.Reading occupies most of my free time.Many problems occupy his mind. (4)忙于She occupies herself with routine office work.The workers are occupied in building new h
27、ouses.固定搭配：occupy sb./ oneself in doing sth. =sb be occupied in doing sth occupy sb./ oneself with sth.=occupy sb with sth raised adj. 凸起的；升起的 raise raised;raised1. Heavy rains raised the river.2. We must raise the living standard of the people.3. His speech raised my interest.与raise相关的固定搭配：raise a
28、question； raise ones voice raise a family ； raise money for raise the price ； raise ones spirits 辨析rise与raise rise( rose / risen )是“上升，上涨，起床，站立”的意思,不及物，无被动。该词含义较广，总的意思是指依次上升，如自然界的日、月、星、雾、云的上升，人体从睡、跪、坐、躺等姿势站立起来等。如：The sun rises in the east .Prices rise every day in those countries.The chairman rose f
29、rom his chair.relief 安慰；救济金，救济物品；安慰的人或事The pills give her some relief.= The pills bring relief to her.We were happy to hear that the relief was sent to the flood-hit area.v. relieve The minister was relieved of his post.The new medicine will relieve the symptoms of illness(病痛症状).固定搭配:relieve some bu
30、rden 减轻负担relieve sb. from anxiety 缓解某人的焦虑send relief to 给送救济物品to ones relief 令某人开心，宽慰的是1) We found the remains of a meal on the table.2) His remains are buried in the churchyard.3) She used the remaining money to buy her mother a skirt.= She used the money left to buy her mother a skirt.连系v.1) remai
31、n+adj. Whatever great progress you have made, you should remain modest. The shop remains open until 11 at night. 2) remain+doneThey never remain satisfied with their successes. They remained locked in the room. 3) remain+doingThe guests came in, but she remained sitting at the desk reading. vt .1)re
32、main+n.Peter became a manager but John remained a worker. Their marriage remains a secret.2) remain+to be doneThis remains to be proved. Whether it will do us good remains to be seen. 3) remain+介词短语 I have remained in touch with the Greens for more than 10 years. He had to remain in hospital until h
33、e was better.remain 剩下，留下，呆在（相当于stay）1) When the others had gone, Joan remained (=stayed) to clean the room. 2) Only a few leaves remained (=were still) on the tree. 3) The soldiers were ordered to remain where they were. replace vt.代替；取代E-mail has largely replaced the traditional business letter.Ro
34、bots are replacing people on assembly lines.He has replaced Mr. Black as President.Youd better replace the worn-out tires(轮胎) with new ones.固定搭配：replace sb./ sth. as replace A with B 相关词组：take the place of 代替；取代 take ones place 代替；取代take place 发生 in place of 代替；取代instead of 代替；而不是ruin 1)n.(常作ruins)废
35、墟；（U）n.毁灭，毁坏The city lay in ruins after the earthquake.The house has fallen into ruin.The news meant the ruin of all our hope.2)vt.破坏，毁灭，毁掉，使破产The rain ruined our plan for a holiday.He has lost all his money in business and is now ruined.stare 盯着看；凝视1. Do you like being stared at?2. The old man star
36、ed up at the bird flying in the sky.辨析 glance at ,stare at, look at, 与 glare at的区别take control of 控制1）You cant take control of others but you can control yourself.2）The police have taken control of the situation.相关词组：lose control of 失去对的控制in control of (sth) 控制in/ under the control of 受的控制beyond (ou
37、t of) control 超出控制under control 在控制之下bring/ get/ keep sth. under control 把某物控制起来Practice:1）The family has sold most of its shares and will lose control of the company.（这家已经卖出了大部分的股份，将失去对公司的控制权。）2）Whos in control of the project?（谁是这个项目的负责人？）3）He was under the control of evil men and forced to do wick
38、ed things.（他被坏人控制了，被迫做了坏事。）4）The situation now is beyond control.（形势现在超过了我们的控制能力。）5）John lost control of his car.（约翰的车子失去了控制。）6）The fire was finally brought under control.（火势最终得到了控制。）take over 夺取，接管，接手1)The army finally took over the small town.2) You watch them until ten oclock, and then Ill take o
39、ver.3)GBS records (哥伦比亚广播公司) were taken over by Sony.4)When Mr. Green retired, his son took over the business from him.拓展：take away 拿走，夺去 take back收回，带回take off 脱下，起飞，匆忙离开，事业走红 take in 吸收，接纳，欺骗take on 呈现，雇佣 take down 记下take up 拿起，占据，从事Practice:1) The plane took off despite the fog.2) The kind old la
40、dy offered to take in the poor homeless boy.3) She took up the story where John had left off.4) Shanghai took on a new look during the 2010 EXPO.5) Who do you think will take over as manager after he retires?whisper1. He whispered to her so that no one else would hear.2. They sat at the back of the room, talking in whispers.词组: whisper to sb in a whisper/ in whispers