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1、名词的单数与复数w 1.名词?名词是表示人与事物名称的词,它既可以表示具体的东西,也可以表示抽象的东西。w 2.名词按数分为:可数名词(单数和复数的相互转化)不可数名词(列出你知道的不可数名词)1常见的不可数名词l food-ricebreadmeatfishl drink-waterjuicecoffeeteamilkl others-advicemoneypeopleworkhelpglasspaperclothsandsoaphopeworkweatherinformationnews注意:1.不可数名词一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式。2.不可数名词前面不能用不定冠词a/an。2-Wha
2、t are these?-Whats this?-Its a pen.-They are pens.3-What are those?-Whats that?-Its an English book.-They are English books.4单数复数可数名词如何变化?规则变化不规则变化规则变化51.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s 构成复数形式。carbasketballcarsbasketballsbook books6box2.以s,x,ch,sh 等结尾的名词,在词尾加-es 构成复数形式。boxesclass classeswatch watchesbrush brushessxs
3、hch2.73.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变“y”为“i”,再加-es 构成复数形式。ncitycitiesnfamilyfamiliesnpartyparties84.以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,直接在词尾加-s 构成复数形式。boy boysday daysoayy.95.以f 或fe 结尾的名词,先将f 或fe 变成v,再加-es 构成复数形式。knife kniveswolf wolves.注意:roofroofs106.以o 结尾的名词,有的加-s,有的加-es 构成复数形式。photo photosheroestomatoeszoos zootomato(西红柿)hero(英
4、雄).11以o 结尾的名词,表示无生命事物的名词,词尾加-s,表示有生命事物的名词,词尾加-es。加-es 的名词有:potato,tomato,hero12 12v Sumup:1.一般情况下,直接在名词词尾加-s.2.以s,x,sh,ch 结尾的名词,在词尾加-es.3.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,要变y为i 再加-es.5.以f 或 fe 结尾的名词,先将f 或 fe 变为v,再加-es.6.以o结尾的名词,表示无生命事物的名词加-s,表示有生命事物的名词加-es。4.以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,直接在词尾加-s.137.单数复数的不规则变化 例词:manmenwomanwomen14c
5、hildchildrenfootfeet158、单复数同形,保持原音。例词:fishfish16sheepsheepcattlecattledeerdeer17给下列可数名词加复数bird-card-lady-orange-ruler-photo-lady-boy-leaf-mouse-tooth-cat-wife-shelf-key-bus-hero-Chinese-dictionary-fox-girl-zero-party-cup-18this that I you he/she/it am/is thesethoseweyoutheyare 单数 复数19句子单数变复数1.This i
6、s a book.2.That is an eraser.3.It is a red apple.4.I am a boy.5.He/She is a teacher.6.Whats this?These are books.Those are erasers.They are red apples.We are boys.They are teachers.Whatre these?20Praticel 1.Weneedmore_(people)toattendit.l 2.Thereissome_(food)inthebasket.l 3._(knife)areusedforcuttingthings.l 4.Iseeyouhaveafewwhite_(hair)l 5.Thisdresscostme20_(dollar)21名词单数变复数后s/es 的读音1.在清辅音后读/s/2.在元音和浊辅音后读/z/3.在/s/z/t/d/后 读/iz/4.在/t/后读/ts/,在/d/后读/dz/desks mapsbrothers pensclasses,watches,orangescats,friends 22