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1、20182018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（课标全国卷）年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（课标全国卷）英英语语第一部分第一部分听力（共两节，满分听力（共两节，满分3030 分）分）第二部分第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分阅读理解（共两节，满分4040 分）分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A AWelcome to Holker Hall&GardenWelcome to Holker Hall&GardenVisitor InformationVisitor InformationHow to
2、 Get to HolkerBy car:Follow brown signs on A590 from.J36,M6.Approximatetravel times:Windermere 20minutes,Kendal 25 minutes,Lancaster 45 minutes,Manchester l hour 30minutesBy rail:the nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmelwith trains to Carnforth.Lancaster and Preston forconnections to major cities&airpo
3、rts.Opening timesSunday-Friday(closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4;00pm,30 March-2nd November.Admission Charges Hall&Gardens GardensAdults:12.008.00Gropes:9.00Special Events Producers Market 13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks.Meet the producers and get some excellentrecip
4、e ideas.Holker Garden Festival 30th MayThe event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening,making it oneof the most popular events in the gardening.National Garden Day 28th AugustHolker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged.For just a small do
5、nation you can takea tour with our garden guide.Winter Market 8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family!Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a livemusic show and nice street entertainment.21.How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A.2
6、0 minutes.B.25 minutes.C.45 minutes.D.90 minutes.22.How much should a member of a tour group pay a visit to Hall&Gardens?A.12.00.B.9.00.C.8.00 D.5.5023.Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?A.Producers Market.B.Holker Garden Festival C.National Garden Day.D.Winter MarketB B
7、Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are,like a nearby port on river.People settle in theseplaces because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade.New York City,forexample,is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.Over 300 years its po
8、pulation grew graduallyfrom 800 people to 8 million.But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time.Boom towns grow fromnothing almost overnight.In 1896 Dawson Canada was unmapped wilderness(荒野).But gold was discoveredthere in 1897 and two years later,it was one of the largest cities in
9、 the West,with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris.People went there for gold.They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers.The path to Dawson wascovered with thirty feet of wet snow that co
10、uld fall without warning.An avalanche(雪崩)once closed the path,killing 63 people.For many who made it to Dawson,however,the rewards were worth the difficult trip.Of the first20,000 people who dug for gold,4,000 got rich.About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how
11、rich they were,Dawson was never comfortable.Necessities like food and wood were veryexpensive.But soon,the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found.The city was crowded withdisappointed people with no interest in settling down,and when they heard there were new gold discoveries inAlaska,they
12、left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.Today,people still come and go to see where theCanadian gold rush happened.Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City-its present population is 762.24.What attracted the early settlers to New York City?A.Its business culture.B.Its small population.C
13、.Its geographical position.D.Its favourable climate.25.What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A.Two thirds of them stayed there.B.One out of five people got rich.C.Almost everyone gave up.D.Half of them died.26.What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?A.They fou
14、nd the city too crowded.B.They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C.They were unable to stand the winter.D.They were short of food.27.What is the text mainly about?A.The rise and fall of a city.B.The gold rush in Canada.C.Journeys into the wilderness.D.Tourism in Dawson.C CWhile famous foreign,archi
15、tects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as thenew CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts,many excellent Chinese architects are makinggreat efforts to take the center stage.Their efforts have been proven fruitful.Wang Shu a 49-year-old Chinese arc
16、hitect,won the 2012 PritzkerArchitecture Prize-which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture-on February 28.He is the firstChinese citizen to win this award.Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Department at the China Academy ofArt(CAA).His office is locate
17、d at the Xiangshan campus（校园）of the university in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province.Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.Many visitors were amazedby the complex architectural space and abundant building typ
18、es.The curves（曲线）of the buildings perfectlymatch the rise and fall of hills,forming a unique view.Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages.He asked the workers to usetraditional techniques to make the bricks into walls,roofs and corridors.This creation attracted a lot of
19、 attentionthanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements.Wangs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.Through such a balance,he had created a new type of Chinese architecture,said Tadao Ando,the winner of the1995Pritzker Prize.Wang
20、 believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.“That is only evidence thattraditions once existed,“he said.“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions.They think tradition means old things from thepast.In fact,tradition also refers to the things that have been dev
21、eloping and that are still being created,“he said.“Today,many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinesetraditions.Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are,said Wang.The study of traditions should be combined,with pra
22、ctice.Otherwise,the recreation of traditions would be artificialand empty,he said.28.Wangs winning of the prize means that Chinese architects areA.following the latest world trendB.getting international recognitionC.working harder than ever beforeD.relying on foreign architects29.What impressed visi
23、tors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?A.Its hilly environment.B.Its large sizeC.Its unique style.D.Its diverse functions.30.What made Wangs architectural design a success？A.The mixture of different shapes.B.The balance of East and WestC.The use of popular techniquesD.The harmony of old and new.31.Wh
24、at should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?A.Spread them to the world.B.Preserve them at museums.C.Teach them in universities.D.Recreate them in practice.D DAdults understand what if feels like to be flooded with objects.Why do we often assume that more ismore when it comes to kids a
25、nd their belongings?The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than Idid how to live more with less.I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things,and it worked.Because of our efforts,our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag o
26、f toys to a little girl whose motherwas unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.She chose to sell a few large objects that were less often used whenwe promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)(our kindergarten is serious about becoming a doctor).For weeks,Ive been thinking of bigger,de
27、eper questions.How do we make it a habit for them?And how dowe train ourselves to help them live with,need and use less?Yesterday,I sat with my son,Shepherd,determined totest my own theory on this.I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest.Iexpected that o
28、ne toy would keep his attention for about five minutes,ten minutes max.I chose a red rubberball-simple,universally available.We passed it,he tried to put it in his mouth,he tried bouncing it,rolling it,sittingon it,throwing it.It was totally,completely enough for him.Before I knew it an hour had pas
29、sed and it was time tomove on to lunch.We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together.He had my full attention and I had his.Mylittle experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.32.What do the words“more is more”in paragraph 1 probably mean?A.The more,the better.B.
30、Enough is enough.C.More money,more worries.D.Earn more and spend more.33.What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?A.Saving up for her holiday.B.Raising money for a poor girl.C.Adding the money to her fund.D.Giving the money to a sick mother.34.Why did the author play the ball with Shepher
31、d?A.To try out an idea.B.To show a parents love.C.To train his attention.D.To help him start a hobby,.35.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Take it or Leave it.B.A Lesson from Kids.C.Live More with Less.D.The Pleasure of Giving.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
32、多余选项。Before there was the written word,there was the language of dance.Dance expresses love and hate,joy andsorrow,life and death,and everything else in between.36We dance from Florida to Alaska,from north to south and sea to sea.We dance at weddings,birthdays,office parties and just to fill the tim
33、e.I adore dancing,says Lester Bridges,the owner of a dance studio in Iowa.I cant imagine doing anythingelse with my life,Bridges runs dance classes for all ages.Teaching dancing is wonderful.37Its great towatch them.For many of them,its a way of meeting people and having a social life.38I can tell y
34、ou about one young couple,says Bridges.Theyre learning to traditional dances.They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.39So,do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better,calmer,healthier?Andrea Hillier says,Dance,likethe pattern of a beating heart,is life.Even after al
35、l these years,I want to get better and better.40I find ithard to stop!Dancing reminds me Im alive.A.So why do we dance?B.Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.C.If you like dancing outdoors,come to America.D.My older students say it makes them feel young.E.I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired.F.D
36、ancing seems to change their feeling completely.G.They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.第三部分第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分语言知识运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person,we u
37、sually saysorry,41 number!and move on But when Dennis Williams42 a text that clearly wasnt intendedfor him,he did something43.On March 19,Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didnt know were at the hospital,waiting for the 45 of a baby.Congratulations!But I think someone was mistaken,Denn
38、is46 .The baby was born and updatetexts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother,Teresa.In her 48 ,she didnt seem torealized that she was49the baby s photos with a complete stranger.“Well,I dont 50 you allbut I will get there to take pictureswith the baby”,replied Dennis before asking which ro
39、om thenew51 were in.Much to the familys surprise,Dennis stuck to his52 !He turned up at the hospital53 giftsfor the new motherLindseyand her baby boy.Limdseyshusbandwas totally 54 by theunexpected visit.“I dontthink we would have randomly invited him over but we55 it and thegifts.”Teresa56 a photo o
40、f the chance meeting on a social networkingwebsite57 by thetouching words:“What a 58 this young man was to our family!He was so59 and kind todo this.“The post has since gained the60 of social media users all over the world,receiving morethan 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.41.A.un
41、lucky B.secret C.new D.wrong42.A.received B.translated C.copied D.printed43.A.reasonable B.special C.necessary D.practical44.A.convincing B.reminding C.informing D.warning45.A.wake-up B.recovery C.growth D.arrival46.A.responded B.interrupted C.predicted D.repeated47.A.coming in B.setting out C.passi
42、ng down D.moving around48.A.opinion B.anxiety C.excitement D.effort49.A.comparing B.exchanging C.discussing D.sharing50.A.accept B.know C.believe D.bother51.A.parents B.doctors C.patients D.visitors52.A.dream B.promise C.agenda D.principle53.A.bearing B.collecting C.opening D.making54.A.discouraged
43、B relaxed C.astonished D.defeated55.A.admit B.need C.appreciate D.expect56.A.found B.selected C.developed D.posted57.A.confirmed B.simplified C.clarified D.accompanied58.A.pity B.blessing C.relief D.problem59.A.smart B.calm C.sweet D.fair60.A.sympathy B.attention C.control D.trust第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5
44、 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Im not sure 61 is more frightened,me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears outof nowhere.Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.Unexpectedly,Imface-to-facewith the gorilla,who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs.Th
45、at makes her babyscream,and then a 400-pound male appears.He screams the 63(loud)of all.The noise shakes thetrees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.I quickly lower myself,ducking my head toavoid 64(look)directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel 65(challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor.Im
46、 a 66(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.Iwas searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing.No one had seen them forhours,and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find 68(they)alive.True togorillas u
47、naggressive nature,the huge animal 69(mean)no real harm.He was just saying:“Im kingof this forest,and here is your reminder!”Once his message was delivered,he allowed me 70(stay)and watch.第四部第四部写作（共两节，满分写作（共两节，满分3535 分）分）第一节短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错
48、误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。It was Monday morning,and the writing class had just begin.Everyone was silent,wait to see whowould be called to read his and her paragraph aloud.So
49、me of us were confident and eager take part in theclass activity;others were nervous and anxious.I had done myself homework,but I was shy.I was afraidthat to speak in front of a larger group of people.At that moment,I remembered that my father once said,“The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks,and mistake as wel l.”Immediate,I raised my hand.第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）假定你是李华，Peter 来信询问你校体育活动项目开展情况，请给他写封回信，要点如下：1.你校运动场情况介绍；2.开展的体育项目；3.你喜欢的项目。注意：1.词数 100 左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。