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1、选择型阅读理解考前“保持手感”热身练：说明文篇（2）Unconfident children can improve their performance in math tests simply by saying nice things to themselves, a study suggests.A total of 212 fourth to sixth graders, aged between 9 to 13 years old, took part in the research. The children completed a math test in two parts.
2、At the end of the first half, researchers asked the first group of kids to talk to themselves about the amount of effort they would put into the second half of the test before carrying on. The children quietly told themselves: I will do my very best. Another group was told to consider their ability,
3、 by repeating the phrase: I am very good at this. The children were instructed to write down their given phrase, and repeat it to themselves while working on the problems, particularly when they found the work challenging. The rest of the children acted as the control group, and werent required to s
4、ay anything. A few days before completing the test, all the kids completed a survey on how they viewed their own and others abilities.Compared with kids who didnt do what is known as self-talking, those with low self-confidence who spoke about the effort theyd make did better in the second half of t
5、he test. The data led the researchers to conclude children who struggle with negative thoughts about their competence could improve their achievements in school by telling themselves they will put effort into a task.However, the team said they did not find the same result among children with low sel
6、f-confidence who spoke to themselves about ability, for self-talk about effort is the key. Meanwhile, they pointed out the findings may not relate to children of other ages, and more research is needed to explore this.1How was the research conducted?ABy telling students to talk about their effort.BB
7、y comparing three groups of students.CBy instructing students to repeat phrases.DBy telling students not to say anything.2What conclusion did the researchers draw?AStudents may benefit from talking about effort.BStudents should talk about effort in the tests.CStudents can benefit from talking about
8、ability.DSelf-talking helps all students do better in tests.3We can infer from the last paragraph that the research team is _.AcarelessBcautiousCstubbornDcompetitive4In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?AEntertainment.BHealth.CEducation.DSports.Food made from atmospheric carbon could
9、 feed the world while helping to fight climate change, according to Solar Foods, a Finnish company founded in 2017.“We can collect CO2 anywhere,” said its CEO Pasi Vainika, whose company has developed a protein powder made using CO2. “Thats a strategic shift where raw materials are in the air. ” The
10、 protein powder, called Solein, can be turned into meat and dairy substitutes or added tofoods and shakes.Solar Foods uses special units to pull CO2 from the atmosphere. To turn it into protein,microbes (微 物),similar to those in the production of wine and yogurt, will be fed on it to grow and reprod
11、uce. During the process, water is split into hydrogen and oxygen. Along with a growth medium containing necessary minerals, the three gases are pumped in to feed the microbes. Harvested and dried, that remaining mixture becomes Soleina yellow powder made up of single-cell protein, with a nutrient co
12、mposition similar to wheat flour.Solar Foods claims that Solein removes most of the emissions associated with modern agriculture, which is responsible for almost one-third of all greenhouse gas emissions. “One kilogram of Solein sends out 0.2 kilogram of CO2e(二 氧化碳当量).In comparison.beef herds produc
13、e around 100 kilograms and chicken 10 kilograms,” said Vainikka. “ We can rermove the climate impact of modem food systems on the planet, which today account for about 30 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions.” He further stressed that while the companys factories also require some land used f
14、or industrial farming, only about one-tenth of the land is needed compared to photosynthesis (光合作用）. “We could free up agricultural land to grow back forests,” he added, “and those remove carbon permanently from the atmosphere.”Probably optimists are now contenting themselves with the pleasant scene
15、 of masses of trees absorbing CO2: on the planet. However, while that may sound great, Vainikka put it right, “It can happen only if we produce enough Solein from CO, to replace meat and dairy at a large scale.”And that still remains a long way to go.1What can we say about Solein?AIt is in the air.B
16、It can be changed into meat.CIt can take in CO2.DIt is good for the environment.2What are needed to produce Solein according to Paragraph 2?AWine and water.BWater and minerals.CMierobes and yogurt.DWine and microbes.3What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us about Solein?AIts present situation.BIts possi
17、ble benefits.CIts production process.DIts potential drawbacks.4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AAir Protein Produced, CO, ReducedBCollecting Air, Removing CO2CClimate Changing, Danger ComingDProtect Earth, Save Ourselves选择型阅读理解考前“保持手感”热身练：说明文篇（2）【题目】Unconfident children can
18、 improve their performance in math tests simply by saying nice things to themselves, a study suggests.A total of 212 fourth to sixth graders, aged between 9 to 13 years old, took part in the research. The children completed a math test in two parts. At the end of the first half, researchers asked th
19、e first group of kids to talk to themselves about the amount of effort they would put into the second half of the test before carrying on. The children quietly told themselves: I will do my very best. Another group was told to consider their ability, by repeating the phrase: I am very good at this.
20、The children were instructed to write down their given phrase, and repeat it to themselves while working on the problems, particularly when they found the work challenging. The rest of the children acted as the control group, and werent required to say anything. A few days before completing the test
21、, all the kids completed a survey on how they viewed their own and others abilities.Compared with kids who didnt do what is known as self-talking, those with low self-confidence who spoke about the effort theyd make did better in the second half of the test. The data led the researchers to conclude
22、children who struggle with negative thoughts about their competence could improve their achievements in school by telling themselves they will put effort into a task.However, the team said they did not find the same result among children with low self-confidence who spoke to themselves about ability
23、, for self-talk about effort is the key. Meanwhile, they pointed out the findings may not relate to children of other ages, and more research is needed to explore this.1How was the research conducted?ABy telling students to talk about their effort.BBy comparing three groups of students.CBy instructi
24、ng students to repeat phrases.DBy telling students not to say anything.2What conclusion did the researchers draw?AStudents may benefit from talking about effort.BStudents should talk about effort in the tests.CStudents can benefit from talking about ability.DSelf-talking helps all students do better
25、 in tests.3We can infer from the last paragraph that the research team is _.AcarelessBcautiousCstubbornDcompetitive4In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?AEntertainment.BHealth.CEducation.DSports.【答案&解析】【答案】1B 2A 3B 4C1细节理解题。根据第二段的At the end of the first half, researchers asked the fi
26、rst group of kids to talk to themselves about the amount of effort they would put into the second half of the test before carrying on Another group was told to consider their ability, by repeating the phrase: I am very good at this. The rest of the children acted as the control group, and werent req
27、uired to say anything. (在前半部分测试结束时，研究人员要求第一组孩子对自己说他们会在后半部分的测试所做出的努力另一组被告知通过重复“我非常擅长这个”来考虑他们的能力剩下的孩子作为对照组，不需要说任何话)和第三段的Compared with kids who didnt do what is known as self-talking, those with low self-confidence who spoke about the effort theyd make did better in the second half of the test.(与那些没有自言
28、自语的孩子相比，那些缺乏自信的孩子在考试的后半部分表现的更好)可知，研究是通过把孩子们分成三组，按照不同的要求进行活动，最后对结果进行对比来进行的。B. By comparing three groups of students.(通过对比三组学生)符合以上说法，故选B项。2细节理解题。根据第三段的The data led the researchers to conclude children who struggle with negative thoughts about their competence could improve their achievements in schoo
29、l by telling themselves they will put effort into a task.(研究人员通过数据得出结论：那些对自己能力有消极想法的孩子，可以通过告诉自己他们会努力完成任务来提高学习成绩)可知，不自信的孩子可以受益于告诉他们自己会努力。A. Students may benefit from talking about effort.(学生可以从谈论努力中获益)符合以上说法，故选A项。3推理判断题。根据最后一段However, the team said they did not find the same result among children wit
30、h low self-confidence who spoke to themselves about ability, for self-talk about effort is the key. Meanwhile, they pointed out the findings may not relate to children of other ages, and more research is needed to explore this.可知，该研究团队说，他们在对自己能力进行自我评价的那些缺乏自信的孩子中没有发现同样的结果，因为自言自语说努力是关键。同时，他们指出这些发现可能与其
31、他年龄段的孩子无关，并且还需要更多的研究来探索这个。由此推测，该研究团队对其研究结果非常谨慎。B. cautious(谨慎的)符合以上说法，故选B项。4推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第三段的The data led the researchers to conclude children who struggle with negative thoughts about their competence could improve their achievements in school by telling themselves they will put effort into a
32、task.(研究人员通过数据得出结论：那些对自己能力有消极想法的孩子，可以通过告诉自己他们会努力完成任务来提高学习成绩)可知，该研究结果会对不太自信的孩子的学习成绩有帮助。由此推测，这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸的教育版面。C. Education.(教育)符合以上说法，故选C项。【重点词汇&词组】1. unconfident - adj. 不自信的2. improve - v. 改善，提高3. performance - n. 表现，成绩4. math - n. 数学5. suggest - v. 暗示，建议6. total - n. 总数7. fourth - num. 第四个8. sixth
33、 - num. 第六个9. graders - n. 年级学生10. age - n. 年龄11. research - n. 研究12. complete - v. 完成13. test - n. 测试14. part - n. 部分15. researcher - n. 研究人员16. group - n. 组17. kid - n. 孩子18. talk - v. 谈话19. themselves - pron. 他们自己20. amount - n. 数量21. effort - n. 努力22. carry on - 继续进行23. quietly - adv. 安静地24. ver
34、y - adv. 很，非常25. do ones best - 尽力26. consider - v. 考虑27. ability - n. 能力28. phrase - n. 短语29. write down - 写下来30. particularly - adv. 特别地31. challenging - adj. 具有挑战性的32. rest - n. 剩余33. control group - 对照组34. require - v. 要求35. survey - n. 调查36. view - v. 视为37. competence - n. 能力38. achievement - n
35、. 成就39. school - n. 学校40. struggle - v. 挣扎41. negative - adj. 消极的42. thoughts - n. 思想43. tell oneself - 对自己说44. result - n. 结果【题目】Food made from atmospheric carbon could feed the world while helping to fight climate change, according to Solar Foods, a Finnish company founded in 2017.“We can collect
36、CO2 anywhere,” said its CEO Pasi Vainika, whose company has developed a protein powder made using CO2. “Thats a strategic shift where raw materials are in the air. ” The protein powder, called Solein, can be turned into meat and dairy substitutes or added tofoods and shakes.Solar Foods uses special
37、units to pull CO2 from the atmosphere. To turn it into protein,microbes (微 物),similar to those in the production of wine and yogurt, will be fed on it to grow and reproduce. During the process, water is split into hydrogen and oxygen. Along with a growth medium containing necessary minerals, the thr
38、ee gases are pumped in to feed the microbes. Harvested and dried, that remaining mixture becomes Soleina yellow powder made up of single-cell protein, with a nutrient composition similar to wheat flour.Solar Foods claims that Solein removes most of the emissions associated with modern agriculture, w
39、hich is responsible for almost one-third of all greenhouse gas emissions. “One kilogram of Solein sends out 0.2 kilogram of CO2e(二 氧化碳当量).In comparison.beef herds produce around 100 kilograms and chicken 10 kilograms,” said Vainikka. “ We can rermove the climate impact of modem food systems on the p
40、lanet, which today account for about 30 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions.” He further stressed that while the companys factories also require some land used for industrial farming, only about one-tenth of the land is needed compared to photosynthesis (光合作用）. “We could free up agricultural
41、 land to grow back forests,” he added, “and those remove carbon permanently from the atmosphere.”Probably optimists are now contenting themselves with the pleasant scene of masses of trees absorbing CO2: on the planet. However, while that may sound great, Vainikka put it right, “It can happen only i
42、f we produce enough Solein from CO, to replace meat and dairy at a large scale.”And that still remains a long way to go.1What can we say about Solein?AIt is in the air.BIt can be changed into meat.CIt can take in CO2.DIt is good for the environment.2What are needed to produce Solein according to Par
43、agraph 2?AWine and water.BWater and minerals.CMierobes and yogurt.DWine and microbes.3What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us about Solein?AIts present situation.BIts possible benefits.CIts production process.DIts potential drawbacks.4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AAir Prote
44、in Produced, CO, ReducedBCollecting Air, Removing CO2CClimate Changing, Danger ComingDProtect Earth, Save Ourselves【答案&解析】【答案】1D 2B 3B 4A1细节理解题。根据第一段“Food made from atmospheric carbon could feed the world while helping to fight climate change, according to Solar Foods, a Finnish company founded in 2
45、017.”（根据2017年成立的芬兰太阳能食品公司的说法，用大气中的碳制成的食物可以养活世界，同时帮助对抗气候变化。）以及“ The protein powder, called Solein, can be turned into meat and dairy substitutes or added tofoods and shakes.”（这种蛋白质粉，叫做比目鱼蛋白，可以用来制作肉类和奶制品，也可以添加到食品和奶昔中。）可知，该公司开发这项技术，一是应对气候变化，二是生产肉、奶等的替代品，从而实现保护环境的目的。所以该公司开发的产品“对环境有利”。故选D。2细节理解题。根据第二段“To
46、 turn it into protein,microbes (微 物),similar to those in the production of wine and yogurt, will be fed on it to grow and reproduce. During the process, water is split into hydrogen and oxygen. Along with a growth medium containing necessary minerals, the three gases are pumped in to feed the microb
47、es. ”（为了将其转化为蛋白质，微生物，类似于生产葡萄酒和酸奶的微生物，将以其为食来生长和繁殖。在这个过程中，水分解成氢和氧。再加上含有必要矿物质的培养基，这三种气体被注入到微生物体内。）可知,微生物（用于发酵）、水（分解成氢气和氧气）和含有矿物质的生长培养基都是必备物质。故选B。3细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Solar Foods claims that Solein removes most of the emissions associated with modern agriculture, which is responsible for almost one-third of
48、all greenhouse gas emissions.”（太阳能食品公司声称索林能够消除大部分与现代农业相关的排放物，而现代农业排放的温室气体几乎占所有温室气体排放量的三分之一。）为主题句。 研究人员再通过对比说明，相同重量的蛋白质，Solein比牛肉和鸡肉产生更少的二氧化碳，因此会解放更多的耕地，用于退耕还林。故选B。4主旨大意题。第一段概括介绍 Solar Foods 公司利用空气中二氧化碳生产蛋白质 Solein 的基本信息第二段介绍这一生产过程及所需物质第三段阐述该技术的优势及长远意义第四段主要介绍该技术的前景。综上，A选项概括了文章大意从空气中获取二氧化碳生产蛋白质Solein，减少二氧化碳。故选A。【重点词汇&词组】1. atmospheric - adj. 大气的，空气中的2. carbon - n. 碳3. feed - v