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1、主语从句讲解一、概述在句中起名词作用的各种从句，统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中的语法作用，这类从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。How the earth came into existence remains a mystery to us.地球是如何形成的对我们来说仍然是一个谜。It worried the woman that her son was always playing computer games.儿子一直在玩电脑游戏，这让这位女士很担心。二、引导主语从句的连接词引导主语从句的连接词有三类：从属连词、连接代词和
2、连接副词。1从属连词that和whether/if(1)that引导的主语从句That my parents always treat me as a little child makes me very unhappy.我的父母总是像对待小孩子那样对我，这让我很不开心。That the college will take in more new students this year is true.今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。(2)whether/if引导的主语从句Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance
3、.他是否能按时完成他的任务非常重要。Whether the sports meeting will be held is not certain now.运动会是否会举行现在还不确定。【温馨提示】(1)that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接作用，宾语从句中的that有时可省略。(2)whether在从句中不充当任何成分，起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略。2连接代词引导主语从句连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。常见的连接代词有who, whose, whom, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whic
4、hever等。Who will bring up the child hasnt been decided yet.谁来抚养这个孩子还没有决定。Which lifestyle is the most beneficial to our health is still unknown.还不知道哪种生活方式对我们的健康最有利。Whoever loves their children will be loved by their children.爱孩子的父母会被孩子爱。Whatever you do should do no harm to others.无论你做什么都不应该伤害别人。【温馨提示】
5、(1)what引导主语从句时在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，相当于定语从句中的“先行词关系代词”的形式，表示“的事情(时间、 地点、样子等)”。What (The thing that) you did yesterday was right.昨天你做得对。She made a trip to what (the place that) was once a battlefield.她到以前曾是一个战场的地方去旅游了。(2)“疑问词 ever”既可引导主语从句，又可引导让步状语从句。但是“no matter 疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。Whoever breaks the law shou
6、ld be punished.(主语从句)任何违法的人都应该受到惩罚。Whoever (No matter who) breaks the law, he should be punished.(让步状语从句)无论谁违反法律，都应该受到惩罚。3连接副词引导主语从句连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。连接副词有when, where, why, how等。How the book will sell depends on its author.这本书如何销售取决于作者本人。Where we shall have the meeting makes no diffe
7、rence.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。三、主语从句与形式主语it有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在含有主语从句的复合句中使用形式主语it, 而将真正的主语从句移至句末。常见的用形式主语it的主语从句结构有：(1)It be名词词组主语从句常用于这种句型的名词有a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a wonder, no wonder等。It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.她犯了这样一个错误，真是遗憾。(2)It be形容词主语从句Its strange that he should have taken the
8、 books without the owners permission.真奇怪，他居然没有得到主人的允许就把书拿走了。(3)It be过去分词主语从句It is believed that at least 20 buildings were damaged or destroyed.人们认为，至少有二十栋建筑遭到破坏或彻底毁掉。(4)It 不及物动词(happen, seem, appear, etc.)主语从句It happened that I had been away when he called.他打电话时，我碰巧不在家。(5)It 及物动词宾语that从句It surprise
9、d me that our parents wouldnt like to accept new things.让我吃惊的是我们的父母不愿意接受新事物。课后训练1. Dad thinks I am a narcissist, but _ I say is that my pictures arent hurting anyone, so who cares?2Its true _inner beauty is very important, but external beauty cant be completely overlooked.3 _he managed to finish the
10、 task by himself is still a mystery to me.4 _we go there by train or by air makes no difference.5 _he was absent from the meeting remains a mystery.6Its known _ knowledge is treasure and practice is the key to success.7According to the rules, _ fails to return the books on time will have their accou
11、nts frozen.8 _ he will attend the meeting or not tomorrow depends on his time schedule.9 _ he will come back from Canada isnt known, so I will call him up to check the exact time.10It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.参考答案whatthatHowWhetherWhythatwhoeverWhet
12、herWhenthat提升训练1. _ will take charge of our class hasnt been decided so far.2. _ makes the film so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the director3. _ life exists on any other planet in the solar system still remains a question.4. _the head teacher present a speech on the graduate ceremony
13、 is a long-held tradition at this high school.5. _ is known to us all is that the sport meeting will take place in Paris this summer.6. It is pretty well understood _ controls the carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.7. _we make friends and communicate with them has changed dramatically compared with the past.8. Its true _ inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldnt be completely overlooked.9. Does it matter to you _ he finished the job on time?10. _ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrows meeting.whowhatwhetherThatWhatwhatHowthathowWhere学科网（北京）股份有限公司