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1、理解句子段落之间的逻辑关系 逻逻辑辑思思维维能能力力运运用用到到对对文文章章得得深深层层理理解解过过程程。这这需需要要对对种种种种逻逻辑辑概概念念有有一一定定得得知知识识积积累累。一一般般要要根根据据事事实实、现现象象或或常常识识,而而后后进进行行本本质质比比较较与与分分析析进进行行逻逻辑辑推推理理。要要搞搞清清常常见见得得逻逻辑辑关关系系。从从上上下下文文中中瞧瞧出出语语意意发发展展得得路路径径。逻逻辑辑思思维维得得方方向向主主要要指指:并并列列、递递进进、因因果果、转转折折、反反正正、比比较较、对对照照、例例证证、结结论论等等。文文章章得得逻逻辑辑性性体体现现在在结结构构上层次分明上层次分
2、明,语意上连贯通顺语意上连贯通顺,前后呼应。前后呼应。逻辑分析得细节逻辑分析得细节1 1、主次关系与要义提炼、主次关系与要义提炼2 2、事事实实与与逻逻辑辑推推断断:因因果果、顺顺序序、正正反反、对对应应、并并列、递进、转折、让步、例举、条件、。列、递进、转折、让步、例举、条件、。3 3、立论与解释与说明立论与解释与说明4 4、比较与对照、比较与对照5 5、例证与结论、例证与结论6 6、主题与支撑、主题与支撑7 7、包容与被包容、包容与被包容8 8、总体与具体、总体与具体9 9、前提与结论得呼应关系、前提与结论得呼应关系注意寻找逻辑衔接词语注意寻找逻辑衔接词语1 1。并列与递进。并列与递进:a
3、lso,in addition,whats more,moreover,likewise,similarly,2 2。转折。转折:however,on the contrary,instead of,3 3。因果。因果:due to,therefore,as a result,2 2。肯定与否定。肯定与否定:certainly,never,instead,3 3。让步与条件。让步与条件:although,unless,as long as,4 4。时间与空间。时间与空间:while,until,afterwards,5 5。顺序推展。顺序推展:first of all,then,finally
4、,6 6。列举说明。列举说明:for instanced,for example,such as,8 8。总结概括。总结概括:generally speaking,in conclusion,注意对句子概念得理解注意对句子概念得理解1。要搞清楚要搞清楚7 7句话所表达得方向句话所表达得方向:哪个就是核心句？哪个就是核心句？哪个就是上下文过渡句？哪个就是上下文过渡句？哪个就是总结性句子？哪个就是总结性句子？句子所处什么位置？句子所处什么位置？2 2。要在文中迅速找到对应部分。要在文中迅速找到对应部分3 3。要把握短文内容得整体理解。要把握短文内容得整体理解4 4。要积累不同文体表述特点。要积累不
5、同文体表述特点5 5。要小心。要小心:搞错一个搞错一个,等于错掉两个等于错掉两个2009全国高考宁夏、海南试题全国高考宁夏、海南试题根据短文内容根据短文内容,从短文后得选项中选出能填入空白从短文后得选项中选出能填入空白处得最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。处得最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables、1 Make a study time and have it at the same time every day、This
6、will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time、Allow them to study in blocks of time,such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle、2 Ideal(理想得)study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner、N
7、ever allow your children to study in front of the television,as that will encourage passive activity、3 、Youll also need to help your kids find the right place to study、After youre set up a good study time for little learners,set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing、4 、Mak
8、e sure there is a table or a desk and a fortable chair、5 、This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answer to any questions、The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable、A.Pick a place
9、 where your children can study properly、B.Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves、C.Finally,spend time with your kids when theyre studying、D.Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement,too、E.Instead,use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is pleted、F.Try to stop th
10、is bad habit by offering some sort or reward、G.One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to、答答案案:1、G 2、B 3、E 4、A 5、C判断方法判断方法:下文一般都就是对上文得解释与说明;或前后呼应。1.G 上句为题干:One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule
11、 that they keep to、养成孩子好得学习习惯最好得方法之一就就是设计她们要坚持得时间表。接下来得一句:Make a study time and have it at the same time every day、做一个学习时间表,每天在同一时间学习。其中得关键词:schedule 与 make a study time 2、B 在题干中找上句:Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves、坚守她们自己创造得日程安排。与下句能连贯起来:Ideal study times are after dinner or righ
12、t after school before dinner、理想得学习时间就是饭后或放学后。3、E 上句:Never allow your children to study in front of the television,as that will encourage passive activity、千万别让您得孩子在电视前学习,因为那会加剧消极活动。在题干中找到下句:Instead,use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is pleted、而就是要把瞧电视作为做完功课得奖励。其中关键词语就是 Instead 与 Never。_4
13、 4、A A 瞧题干瞧题干:Pick a place where your children can study properly、选择一个适合孩子读书地方。与下句正好呼应得就是与下句正好呼应得就是:Make sure there is a table or a desk and a fortable chair、一定要有一张桌子与一把舒适得椅子。5、C 瞧题干:Finally,spend time with your kids when theyre studying、孩子做功课时要与她们在一起。(作为最后一段得文字前,通常用Finally作为结束。)连贯下来:This includes h
14、elping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answer to any questions、The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bone and help make studying enjoyable、这包括有时要帮助孩子做作业,回答问题。在学习期间您对孩子得倾注将有助于巩固情感并使学习有乐趣。Getting your children to study can be a
15、little like getting them to eat their vegetables、1 Make a study time and have it at the same time every day、This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time、One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to
16、design a schedule that they keep toAllow them to study in blocks of time,such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle、2 Ideal(理想得)study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner、Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves、Never allow your children to stud
17、y in front of the television,as that will encourage passive activity、3 :Instead,use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is pleted、4:4:Make sure there is a table or a desk and a fortable chair、Pick a place where your children can study properly、5、This includes helping them out with their home
18、work sometimes and being there for them with the answer to any questions、The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable、Finally,spend time with your kids when theyre studying、20092009辽宁卷辽宁卷 71 Home can be a great place for children to stu
19、dy、Its important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends、Location(位置)72 Kitchen and dining room are not so well suited for regular study,since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas、Set up a place where a chil
20、d can settle in and leave papers and pens at hand without having to clear everything away each night、For a child that likes being alone,set aside a corner of his bedroom,but keep it separate from things like games,music and other hobbies not related to studying、Keeping Things in Order Parents should
21、 encourage their child to spread out,but to leave it neat and orderly when it isnt using his workspace、Ownership is very important for self-respect、73 The workplace should be personal,but not another part of the playroom、74 Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that child
22、ren need for success in school、Give them a good example of how to manage time and get things done in the right way、75 Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family、A.Attitude Is Everything、B.Bring Organization into Your Home、C.Here are several ways to choose a locatio
23、n、D.Building a Good Home Learning Environment、E.Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example、F.Setting up a space in a mon area of your home can be a good idea for children、G.A child who learns to organize his space will carry organization into every corner of his life、71 Home can
24、be a great place for children to study、Its important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends、根据后文根据后文:Home can be a great place for children to study、家园就是孩子们学习得理想场所。家园就是孩子们学习得理想场所。D D项项:“:“建设一个好得家庭学习环境。建设一个好得家庭学习环境。”作为本文得标题作为本文得标题,即主旨要义。即
25、主旨要义。D:Building a Good Home Learning Environment、Location(位置)72 Kitchen and dining room are not so well suited for regular study,since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas、Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at hand without having to cl
26、ear everything away each night、For a child that likes being alone,set aside a corner of his bedroom,but keep it separate from things like games,music and other hobbies not related to studying、_安排一个固定得地方让孩子们可以手中拿纸笔不用每晚清理。安排一个固定得地方让孩子们可以手中拿纸笔不用每晚清理。F:Setting up a space in a mon area of your home can b
27、e a good idea for children、安排一个共用得地方给孩子就是个好主安排一个共用得地方给孩子就是个好主意意Keeping Things in Order Parents should encourage their child to spread out,but to leave it neat and orderly when it isnt using his workspace、Ownership is very important for self-respect、73 The workplace should be personal,but not another
28、 part of the playroom、上文上文:家长应鼓励孩子把东西铺开家长应鼓励孩子把东西铺开,还能在不用得还能在不用得时候摆放有序。对于自尊来说所有权就是很重要时候摆放有序。对于自尊来说所有权就是很重要得。接下来得。接下来:一个学会安排空间得孩子必将把这一个学会安排空间得孩子必将把这种条理性带如她人生得每个角落。种条理性带如她人生得每个角落。G:A child who learns to organize his space will carry organization into every corner of his life、_74 Encourage the whole fa
29、mily to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school、Give them a good example of how to manage time and get things done in the right way、75 Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family、从下文知道从下文知道:态度得重要性。从上文知道态度得重要性。从上文知道:有有“能能做到做到”得态度得
30、态度,孩子会以您为榜样。孩子会以您为榜样。A.Attitude Is Everything、E、Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example、20102010年北京卷考试说明样题年北京卷考试说明样题 Life Story of Dave Thomas Since 1989,Dave Thomas,who died of cancer at age 69 in his Fort Lauderdale home,was one of the most recognizable faces on TV、71 “As lo
31、ng as it works,”he said in 1991,“Ill continue to do those mercials、”72 “He still wont let anyone see his feet,which are out of shape because he never had proper-fitting shoes,”Wendy said in 1993、Born to a single mother,he was adopted as a baby By Rex and Auleva Thomas of Kalamazoo in Michigan、After
32、Auleva died when he was 5,Thomas spent years on the road as Rex traveled around seeking construction work、“He fed me,”Thomas said,“and if I got out of line,hed beat me、”Moving out on his own at 15,Thomas worked,first as a waiter,in many restaurants、73 “I thought if I owned a restaurant,”He said,“I c
33、ould eat for free、”A 1956 meeting with Harland Sanders led Thomas to a career as a Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant owner that made him a millionaire in 1968、In 1969,after breaking with Sanders,Thomas started the first Wendys Old Fashioned Hamburgers,in Columbus,Ohio,which set itself apart by servi
34、ng made-to-order burgers、74 Although troubled by his own experience with adoption,Thomas,married since 1954 to Lorraine,66,and with four grown kids besides Wendy,felt it could offer a future for other children、He started the Dave Thomas Foundation(基金会)for Adoption in 1992、In 1993,Thomas,who had left
35、 school at 15,graduated from Coconut Creek High School in Florida、75 The kids voted him Most Likely to Succeed、“The Dave you saw on TV,”says friend Pat Williams,senior vice president of the Orlando Magic,“was the real Dave、He wasnt a great actor or a great speaker、He was just Joe Everybody、”A.But he
36、 had something much better in mind、B.He even took Lorraine to the graduation dance party、C.Even though he was successful,Thomas remained troubled by his childhood、D.By using his experience and determination,Thomas turned the restaurants around、E.With 6,000 restaurants worldwide,the chain now makes$6
37、 billion a year in sales、F.He appeared in more than 800 mercials for the hamburger chain named for his daughter,now 40、G.He dropped out of school to work full-time、This decision to drop out haunted him until he went back to school 45 years later、补全后瞧连贯补全后瞧连贯 Since 1989,Dave Thomas,who died of cancer
38、 at age 69 in his Fort Lauderdale home,was one of the most recognizable faces on TV、71 “As long as it works,”he said in 1991,“Ill continue to do those mercials、”F:He appeared in more than 800 mercials for the hamburger chain named for his daughter,now 40、72:“He still wont let anyone see his feet,whi
39、ch are out of shape because he never had proper-fitting shoes,”Wendy said in 1993、Born to a single mother,he was adopted as a baby By Rex and Auleva Thomas of Kalamazoo in Michigan、After Auleva died when he was 5,Thomas spent years on the road as Rex traveled around seeking construction work、“He fed
40、 me,”Thomas said,“and if I got out of line,hed beat me、”C:Even though he was successful,Thomas remained troubled by his childhood、Moving out on his own at 15,Thomas worked,first as a waiter,in many restaurants、73 “I thought if I owned a restaurant,”He said,“I could eat for free、”A 1956 meeting with
41、Harland Sanders led Thomas to a career as a Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant owner that made him a millionaire in 1968、A:But he had something much better in mind、In 1969,after breaking with Sanders,Thomas started the first Wendys Old Fashioned Hamburgers,in Columbus,Ohio,which set itself apart by s
42、erving made-to-order burgers、74 E:With 6,000 restaurants worldwide,the chain now makes$6 billion a year in sales、In 1993,Thomas,who had left school at 15,graduated from Coconut Creek High School in Florida、75 The kids voted him Most Likely to Succeed、B:He even took Lorraine to the graduation dance p
43、arty、(2010北京海淀区北京海淀区1月模拟题月模拟题-E篇篇)Warren Buffett For someone who is such a successful investor,Warren Buffett es off as a pretty ordinary guy、He was born on August 30,1930、71 He used to door-to-door and sell soda water、When his family moved to Washington,Buffett became a paperboy for The Washington
44、Post、Buffett ran his five paper routes and even added magazines to round out his product offerings、While still in school,he was making$175 a month,a full-time wage for many men、72 He spent$1,200 on 40 acres of farmland in Nebraska、He and a friend also made$50 a week by placing pinball machines in ba
45、rber shops、They called their venture(企业)Wilson Coin Operated Machine Co、Already a successful small-time businessman,Buffett wasnt interested in going to college but ended up at the university of Pennsylvania-his father encouraged him to go、73 But he was turned down in what had to be one of the worst
46、 admission decisions in Harvard history、The oute affected Buffetts life,for he ended up attending Columbia Business School,where he studied under Professor Benjamin Graham,the father of securities analysis who provided the foundation(基础)for Buffetts investment strategy、From the beginning,Buffett mad
47、e his fortune from inveting、He started with all the money he had made from selling soda water,delivering papers,and operating pinball machines、Between 1950 and 1956,he grew his$9,800 to$14,000、74 And then he gradually drew in other investor through word of mouth and very attractive terms、75 He doesn
48、t collect houses or cars or works of art,and he disdains(鄙视)panies that waste money on expensive cars,private dining rooms,and high-priced real villas、He is a creature of habit-same house,same office,same city,same soda water、A.Then Buffett applied to Harvard Business School、B.Buffett is more likely
49、 to be found in a four-star restaurant、C.When he was 14,Buffett still kept great interest in investment、D.Even as a young child,Buffett was serious about making money、E.One thing is for sure about Buffett:he is happy doing what he is doing、F.Buffetts investment strategy mirrors his lifestyle and his
50、 overall philosophy、G.From there,he organized investment partnerships with his family and friends、For someone who is such a successful investor,Warren Buffett es off as a pretty ordinary guy、He was born on August 30,1930、71 He used to door-to-door and sell soda water、When his family moved to Washing