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1、定语从句专项练习题及答案详解（完整版）资料(可以直接使用，可编辑 优秀版资料，欢迎下载）定语从句专项练习题及详解50题1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D. in which2.Do you know the man _?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3.This is the hotel _last month.A. which they stayed B. at tha
2、t they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they stayed4.Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that C. when D. on which5.That is the day _Ill never forget.A. which B. on which C. in which D. when6.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here.A. where B
3、. to which C. which D. in which7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working.A. where B. that C. which D. there8.This is one of the best films _.A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been shown this year D. that you talked9.Can you lend me the b
4、ook _the other day?A. about which you talked B. which you talkedC. about that you talked D. that you talked10.The pen _he is writing is mine.A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that12.The engineer _m
5、y father works is about 50 years old.A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom13.It there anyone in your class _family is in the country?A. who B. whos C. which D. whose14.Im interested in _you have said.A. all that B. all what C. that D. which15.I want to use the same dictionary _was used ye
6、sterday.A. which B. who C. what D. as16.He isnt such a man _he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. as17.He is good at English, _we all know.A. that B. as C. whom D. what18.Li Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him19.I dont
7、like _ as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels20.He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school.A. which B. that C. whom D. what21.The letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. who22.In our factory there a
8、re 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women.A. them B. which C. whom D. who23.Youre the only person _Ive ever met _could do it.A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who24.I lost a book, _I cant remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that25.Last summer we visited the W
9、est Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what26.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.A. that B. which C. as D. it27.I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together.A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. o
10、n which; when28.The way _he looks at problems is wrong.A. which B. whose C. what D./29.This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting.A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which30.This machine, _for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after
11、C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after31.The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill.A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for which;what32.He is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam.A. that B. which C. for which D. who33.That is not the way _I do it.A. / B. which C. for w
12、hich D. with which34.I have two grammars, _are of great use.A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which35.I want to use the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago.A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _
13、 was very kind of them.A. who B. which C. that D. it 37.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from which 38.He is not such a man _ would leave his work half done.A. that B. which C. who D. as 39. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes.A. / B. why C. wh
14、en D. whose 40. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. that B. which C. it D. though 41. - Did you ask the guard _ happened?- Yes, he told me all _ he knew.A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm withthe farmers
15、, _ has a great effect on my life.A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 43. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing.A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are 44. During the days _, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that f
16、ollowed 45. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. which D. it 46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see _ was going on inside house.A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that 47. Is _ some German friends visited last week?A. this sch
17、ool B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 48. John got beaten in the game, _ had been expected.A. as B. that C. what D. who 49. I have bought two ballpens, _ writes well.A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 50. All that can be eaten _ eaten up.
18、A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 参考答案及解析1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。2C. 和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。3. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。5A. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。6C. 解析同第5题。7.
19、A. 解析见第3题。8. A. 本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。9. A. “谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。10. A. with which是介词+关系代词结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有用的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.11. C. i
20、n front of which 即in front of a farmhouse. In front of which在从句中作状语.12. D. with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.13. D. whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.14. A. that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.15. D. the same.as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.16. D. such as是固定用法
21、,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.17. B. as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.18. B. Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成suchas或the sam
22、eas固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。 as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a.,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词.20. B. things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.21. D. who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.22. C. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23. D. 先行词person后有两个定语从句,第
23、一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.24. A. whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which25. A. for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for 以.而闻名.26. C. 当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as. As在本从句中作主语.27. A. 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作
24、状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.28. D. 在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in (或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。29. D. for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代.30. B. which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句.31. A. The reason why was that.已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能
25、随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 “因为”的含义。32. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.33. A. 解释见28题.34. D. 主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B. both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句.35. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成suchas或the sameas固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.36. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which
26、引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.37. D. 38. D. 解析见35题.39. A. he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that.40. B. which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句.41. A. what happened是宾语从句. all 之后that he knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.42. D. years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.43. C. 本句话的定语从句是who own cars. 其先行词是peo
27、ple,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指“.的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。44. D. that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。45. A. 先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。46. B. through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。47. B. 为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school that some
28、Germanfriends visited last week. 不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。48. A. 解释见35题。49. C. 因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。50. B. 本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。与朱元思书复习题 一、填空 1、与朱元思书选自艺文类聚，作者吴均，字书庠。南朝时梁著名文学家，其诗文清拔有
29、古气，被称为吴均体。本文题目中的“书”是信函，是古代一种文体。 2、从题目上看，本文体裁是书信；从句式上看是骈文；从内容上看，更是一篇山水游记。 3、文章在写景上有详有略，全文详写山，略写水。写水部分详写静态，略写动态。写山部分详写动态，略写静态，这样既突出了景物的主要特征，又显得详略适宜，轻重有度。 4、根据原文语句填空。 总写自富阳到桐庐山水之美的句子是奇山异水，天下独绝。 交代人在富春江沿岸的美好环境中的感受的句子是鸢飞戾天者，望峰息心；经纶事务者，窥谷忘反。 从听觉方面描写山中泉喧鸟鸣情景的句子是泉水激石，泠泠作响；好鸟相鸣，嘤嘤成韵。 描写富春江沿岸全貌的句子是风烟俱净，天山共色。
30、文章中直接表达对富春江及沿岸景色的无限赞美之情的句子是奇山异水，天下独绝。 柳宗元的小石潭记中有句写道“潭中鱼可百许头，皆若空游无所依。”与朱元思书中与其写作手法相似的句子是游鱼细石，直视无碍。 第一段中可作为全文纲领的句子是奇山异水，天下独绝。 5、指出下列句中加点字词的古今异义。 一百许里 许：古义是附在整数词之后，表示约数。金义是或许，赞许。 猛浪若奔 奔：古义是指飞奔的马；今义是奔跑，飞奔。 6、一词多义 奇山异水，天下独绝 绝：绝美，绝妙。 猿则百叫无绝 绝：断、停 负势竞上 上：向上。 横柯上蔽 上;在上边。 7、解释下列加点字词的意思。 （1）词类活用【湍】急流。【奔】飞奔的马。
31、【轩邈】往高处和远处伸展。轩，高。邈，远。 （2）通假字【转】通“啭”，鸟叫声。【反】通“返”。【见】通“现”，露出。 （3）常规词语【风烟】烟雾。【共色】一样的颜色。【从流】随着江流。从，顺，随。【缥（pio）碧】青白色。【无碍】毫无障碍。【甚箭】比箭还快。【夹岸】两岸。【寒树】使人看了有寒意的树。形容树绿而密。【负势】凭依高峻的山势。负，依凭。【竞上】争着向上。竞，争。【直指】笔直地向上，直插云天。【千百】形容很多。【泠泠（lng）】形容水声激越。【作响】发出声响。【相鸣】互相和鸣。【成韵】形容声音和谐动听。韵，和谐的声音。【千转】长久不断地叫。千，表示多。【绝】停止。【鸢 (yun)飞戾
32、（l）天】鸢飞到天上，这里比喻极力追求功名的人。鸢，一种凶猛的鸟。戾，至。【息心】平息热衷功名之心。【经纶】筹划，治理。【柯(k)】树木的枝干。【蔽】遮蔽。【犹】像。【交映】互相掩映。 （4）记住带点的词 任意东西 （向东或向西） 互相轩邈 （意思是向高处或远处伸展。） 望峰息心 （使平息） 风烟俱净 （散尽） 天山共色 （相同） 奇山异水 （不同） 急湍甚箭 （激流的水） 嘤嘤成韵 （和谐的声音） 蝉则千转不穷（指蝉的叫声）（尽） 鸢飞戾天者 （至） 窥谷忘反 （看）（反通返，返回） 经纶事务者 （筹划） 二、阅读课文，根据自己的理解回答下列问题。 1、本文是一篇骈文，骈文相对于散文有什么特
33、点？你还读过哪些骈文？请列举一、二。 答：多用对偶句、排比句，讲究对仗和声律。如陋室铭爱莲说。 2、与朱元思书一文对富春江景物特点概括描写的语句是哪几句？全文表达了作者怎样的思想感情？ 答：“奇山异水，天下独绝”表达了作者对富春江山水的喜爱和赞美之情。 3、读到“水流飘荡，任意东西”时，你是否体会到了作者的情趣？请谈一谈。 答：作者心情舒畅，感受到从未有过的自由和快乐。 4、概括富春江的水有哪些特点？并体会其写法之妙。 答: 水清澈、湍急。写水清采用了正面描写和侧面描写、静态描写和动态描写相结合的手法。写水流湍急运用了夸张和比喻的修辞手法，这样写生动形象，更能突出水的特点。 5、作者写夹岸风光
34、时抓住了哪些有江南特点的景物来写的？ 答：山峰高耸，树林茂密，百鸟争鸣。 6、“奇山异水，天下独绝”一句在文中的作用是什么？ 答：统领全文。 7、“急湍甚箭，猛浪若奔”写出了富春江的什么特点？由此你想到三峡的哪一句？ 答：写出富春江水迅疾凶猛，想到三峡中的“有时朝发白帝暮到江陵，其间千二百里，虽乘奔御风不以疾也。” 8、文中从哪几种感官描写了山景？这样写有哪些好处？ 答：听觉和视觉。这样写形象生动，使人感受深刻，使读者如身临其境。 9、你是怎样理解第三段中对各种声音的描写的？ 答：对声音的描写，既表现了大自然的和谐美，又突出了山中的宁静，给人已超然世外的感受。 10、文中对山势进行描写时运用了
35、什么修辞手法？有什么作用？ 答：拟人。写出了富春江的山奇丽多姿，高峻的特点，把静止的山写得具有动态美。 11、“鸢飞戾天者，望峰息心；经纶事务者，窥谷忘反”的实际意义是什么？表达了作者怎样的处世思想？ 答: 追求功名利禄的人到此以后，心会变得平静下来。表达了作者热爱自然，不追求功名利禄，对官场政务的厌倦的思想。 12、与朱元思书的景物描写的作用是什么？ 答：表现了作者陶醉于美好大自然的闲适、随意的心情，也流露出了对追求利禄之徒的蔑视，含蓄传达出爱慕美好自然，避世退隐的高洁志趣；同时也是对朋友婉言相劝，希望他早日离开官场，过隐居生活。 13、近代学者王国维说：“一切景语皆情语”结合与朱元思书的景
36、物描写谈一谈你对这句话的理解。 答：文章中景物的描写表现了作者高雅的志趣和高洁的情怀。 “从流飘荡，任意东西”表现了一种享受自由，无拘无束，无牵无挂的轻松惬意。 从对山水的描写中，表现了作者对自然对自由的热爱，对生命力的赞颂。 在描绘山景时“鸢飞戾天者，望峰息心；经纶事务者，窥谷忘反”这几句感受，不仅衬托出险峰的魅力更传达出作者对功名利禄的鄙弃，对官场政务的厌倦。 14、学完本文后，请结合你对本文的理解，写一组不少于五言的对偶句。 答：游鱼细石现清净，奇山异水显隐心。 15表明富春山天朗气清的壮丽背景（全貌）的句子是什么？风烟俱尽，天山共色。 16既写出江流宛转，小舟随波逐流的情形，更表现了作
37、者陶醉于美好大自然的闲适随意心情的句子是什么？从流飘荡，任意东西。 17作者是怎样有层次的描绘“异水”的？运用了什么修辞方法？先写“缓流”，突出澄澈（游鱼细石）；再写“急湍”，突出凶猛（急湍、猛浪）。运用了夸张、比喻的修辞方法。 18作者是怎样表现“奇山”的？ 整体形象奇。“夹岸高山，皆生寒树。负势竞上，互相轩邈。争高直指，千百成峰。” 生长状态奇。两岸峭壁，皆生寒树，层峦叠嶂， 自然声音奇。 从听觉写泉音、鸟鸣、蝉嘶、猿叫，生机盎然的大自然交响曲 19流露出对追求利禄之徒的蔑视，含蓄传达出爱慕美好自然，避世退隐的高洁志趣的句子是什么？这句对写“奇山异水”有什么关系？ 飞戾天者，望峰息心；经纶
38、世务者，窥谷忘反。 有这样的“奇山异水”，必然有人的足迹，有人的触景之情，这句是游览者自然生发的感情。同时这句又是侧面着笔，通过衬托手法，强化了山水诱人的力量，突出了“奇山异水”。 20结尾“横柯上蔽，在昼犹昏；疏条交映，有时见日”，似是多余，对此你有何看法？ 不多余。一是起了反复渲染的作用。写树木遮空，昼夜不分，既照应前面对寒树的描写，又给山水增加奇色异彩。二是使结构更加严谨完美。全文犹如作者放出的千里之线，这里又收回手中，承接文章开头四句，清幽淡雅，余音缭绕。 21、看看作者描写景物时流露出怎样的情感和志趣？ （1）“从流飘荡，任意东西”一句，让我感受到一种享受自由、无拘无束、无牵无挂的轻
39、松惬意，流露了作者恬静的心境，展现了作者旷达的情怀。 （2）、“急湍甚箭，猛浪若奔”“负势竞上，互相轩邈”两句，作者赋予了山水情感、生命：水在争相向前，山在竞相向上。表现了作者对自然、自由的热爱，对生命力的赞颂。 （3）、“鸢飞戾天者，望峰息心；经纶世务者，窥谷忘反。”不仅从侧面衬托险峰幽谷夺人心魄的魅力，更传达出作者对功名利禄的鄙弃，对官场政务的厌倦。 22、选句品味写景的妙处 风烟俱净，天山共色。 水皆缥碧，千丈见底。 游鱼细石，直视无碍。 急湍甚箭，猛浪若奔。 夹岸高山，皆生寒树。 负势竞上，互相轩邈。 泉水激石，泠泠作响；好鸟相鸣，嘤嘤成韵。蝉则千转不穷，猿则百叫无绝。 “共色”二字不
40、光写出了天和山的颜色，而且还包含着形体感：青青的山霭渐渐地溶入蓝蓝的天空，二者合为一体。境界阔大，令人神清气爽。 “缥碧”不光写出水的清澈，而且也写出了水的深度，因为“缥”是苍青色，如果不深，水是不会青得发暗的。“千丈”承“缥”，“见底”承“碧”，用词的精当由此可见一斑。 鱼在水中，非水清则不可见，何况是正在游动、倏忽而过的鱼；石在水中，要看见实属不易，更何况是“细石”。所以“游”“细”二字，表面上看似平淡，但略加品味，即可看出用词的分量，可以说是“看似寻常最奇谲，成如容易实艰辛。” “箭”，本是名词，作者把它动词化，形容水流之急，显得既形象又简洁；“奔”，本是有生命的动作，作者用来形容无生命
41、的浪，也显得更有生气。 “夹岸”描述高山耸峙于富春江两岸，这样既交待了上文所云的急湍甚箭之因，也写出了山峰壁立之状。“寒树”一方面点出了秋天的季节特征，树叶凋零、一片萧索的景象，另外也暗寓了山的高峻，给人一种高寒的感觉。 不但写出了山峰各依自己的地势而形成的千奇百态之状，而且还赋予它以人的心理：个个争着往上，一个想比一个高远。写出了山的生机、活力，拟人手法的运用，使山势别具一格，个性分明。 这几种声响中，有无生命的泉水，也有有生命的蝉、鸟、猿；有昆虫，有飞禽，也有走兽；有的反映出季节的典型特征，如蝉鸣；有的又为山林之间所独有，如泉声，如猿啼。因此可以说这些声音既代表了山水中所有的音响，又反映出
42、山水名区的典型特征。另外，作者描摹这些音响时，也能分辨出它们之间细微的区别，文笔显得准确、俊美而又简洁。如形容水流声是“泠泠”，鸟鸣声是“嘤嘤”；写蝉鸣、猿啼则是“千转不穷”“百叫无绝”，着重描绘其音调多变和连绵不断的音响特征。 主语从句练习题一翻译1(谁将去接他)_ is not decided.2(哪个班级会赢得这场足球赛)_ is not clear .3(他能否买到飞机票)_ doesnt matter much.4(我们如何去那里)_ is a question.5(你刚才告诉我的)_ was really a surprise.6(他什么时候出国)_ is being discus
43、sed7(他为什么哭)_ is not clear.8It is clear_(他是一个乞丐).9(你要请谁)_ is not important.10(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)_ is not clear. 二找出下列句子中的主语从句及其引导词，并且指出引导词是否充当成分，充当什么成分。1. That we shall be late is certain.2. That the driver could not control his car was obvious.3. It is certain that we shall be late.4. It was obvious that
44、the driver could not control his car.5. Is it possible that they will come tomorrow？6. It is clear that he was telling the truth.7. Its probable that well be a little late.8. What caused the accident is a complete mystery.9. It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.10. It shocked me that Peter didnt tell anybody where he was.11. Who was responsible for the accident is not