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1、lesson 43over the south PoleFFour oceans in the world the Pacific Oceanthe Indian OceantheArcticOceanAthe AtlanticOceanNew words and expressions pole n.（地球的）极 flight n.飞行 explorer n.探险家 lie v.处于 serious adj.严重的 point n.地点 seem v.似乎 crash v.坠毁 sack n.袋子 clear v.越过 aircraft n.飞机 endless adj.无尽的 plain
2、n.平原First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。How was the plane able to clear the mountains?The American explorer ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks so the plane rose to10000 feet.Ask and answer:1.When did the man successfully fly over the South Pole for the first time?2.
3、Who successfully flew over the South pole for the first time?3.Would the plane crash?4.How did they clear the mountain?5.Why did Byrd now know that he would be able to reach the South Pole?6.Was there any difficulties?1.TheAmericanexplorer,R.E.Byrd,successfullyflewovertheNorthPolefirsttime.2.Byrdand
4、hiswereabletobakealotofphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow.3.Theplanecouldonlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000miles.4.AfterByrdorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks,theplanewasabletorise.In 1929,three years after his flight over the North Pole,the American explorer,R.E.Byrd,successfully flew
5、 over the South Pole for the first time.Though,at first,Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below,they soon ran into serious trouble.At one point,it seemed certain that their plane would crash.It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000
6、 feet.Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks.The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away,for there were no more mountains in sight.The aircraft was able to fly ov
7、er the endless white plains without difficulty.can“can is one of the most commonly used modal verbs in English.It can be used to express ability or opportunity,to request or offer permission,and to show possibility or impossibility.Examples:I can ride a horse.ability We can stay with my brother when
8、 we are in Paris.opportunity She cannot stay out after 10 PM.permission Can you hand me the stapler?request Any child can grow up to be president.possibility could“couldisusedtoexpresspossibilityorpastabilityaswellastomakesuggestionsandrequests.Couldisalsocommonlyusedinconditionalsentencesasthecondi
9、tionalformofcan.Examples:Extremeraincouldcausetherivertofloodthecity.possibilityNancycouldskilikeaprobytheageof11.past abilityYoucouldseeamovieorgoouttodinner.suggestionCouldIuseyourcomputertoemailmyboss?requestWecouldgoonthetripifIdidnthavetoworkthisweekend.conditional“could cannot be used in posit
10、ive sentences in which you describe a momentary or one-time ability.e.g.Yesterday,Icouldliftthecouchbymyself.Not Correctcan 和be able to的区别 can与be able to 用法上的区别 口语中,can 与be able to在用法上既有相同的一方面,又有不同的地方,这是应该引起注意的。当它们表示能力的时候，是同义的。如：He can speak two foreign languages.He is able to speak two foreign lang
11、uages.表示过去通过努力终于做成了某事要用be able to，而不能用can。如：I was able to swim to the bank after the boat turned over.can 和be able to 都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能力,而且只有两种形式,即:can,could be able to 则主要指具体做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be 发生变化，所以形式比can 多可以说：I can swim.I am able to swim.但是不能说：All the people could escape from the big fire in ti
12、me.只能说：All the people were able to escape from the fire in time.can能表猜测，be able to不能。can的这种用法主要用于疑问句和否定句。Somebody is knocking at the door.Who can it be?It cant be our teacher who is knocking at the door.其肯定形式是must be。如:It must be our teacher who is knocking at the door.Sum up the language points Phr
13、ases 1.能做某事:beableto 2.飞越:flightover=flyover 3.第一次:forthefirsttime 4.首先:atfirst 5.拍照:takeaphotograph=takeapicture 6.大量的:agreatmanyof 7.陷入困境:runintotrouble=getintotrouble 8.在某一个地方:atonepoint 9.似乎肯定:Itseemscertainthat 10.丢弃:throwout 11.在视线中:insight美国探险家 R.E.伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第一次飞越了南极。虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞
14、机下面连绵群山的大量照片，但他们很快就陷入了困境。在有个地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁了。只有在飞至10,000英尺的高度时，它才能飞过这些山头。伯德马上命令他的助手们把两个沉重的食物袋扔掉，于是飞机可以上升了，它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。伯德这时知道他能够顺利飞抵300英里以外的南极了，因为前面再没有山了。飞机可以毫无困难地飞过这片茫茫无际的白色原野！1.美国探险家RE伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第1次飞越了南极。（1）这句话包含两个同位语。threeyearsafter为1929的同位语，作插入性的补充说明；REByrd作theAmericanexplorer的同位语。（2）f
15、orthefirsttime表示“第一次”，time在这里表示“次”、“回”，thistime,lasttime,nexttime,anothertime,eachtime,forthelasttime等：我最后一次提醒你，如果你不快点，你就会赶不上火车的。I remind you for the last time that if you dont hurry,youll miss the train.下次你见到他的时候，把这些照片给他。Give him these photos next time you see him.2.虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照片，但他
16、们很快就陷入了困境。（1）连词though引导的是让步状语从句，其含义为“虽然”、“尽管”。这个从句中的时间状语atfirst被单独用逗号隔开了，它如果按正常的词序应放在从句的末尾，但有可能会引起误解。（2）atfirst与主句中的soon形成时间上的照应，表示先后次序。（3）takeaphotographof表示“拍的照片”Hetookaphotographofhishousebeforehelefthome.他离家前给他家的房子拍了一张照片。（4）thatlaybelow为themountains的定语从句，that为从句的主语。（5）runintotrouble的含义与getintotr
17、ouble相似，表示“陷入困境”Eachtimeheranintotrouble,heaskedhisparentsforhelp.每当他陷入困境时，他都向他父母求助。3.在有个地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁了。（1）atonepoint在此处可以解释为“在有个地方”，但它通常的含义为“在某一时刻”，point指时间上的某一点：Atonepoint,hemadeuphismindtobecomeapainter.他曾一度下决心要当个画家。（2）it为“先行主语”，真正的主语为that引导的从句。it作先行主语时经常与seem，appear，look等连用：现在似乎可以肯定会议将被推迟。It now
18、looks certain that the meeting is going to be put off.4itclearedthemountainsby400feet.它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。clear在这里表示“（不接触地）越过”：他跳过了2.1米。Hecleared2.1metres.by表示“相差，以之差”我晚了10分钟，没赶上火车。I missed the train by ten minutes.他比我小两岁。He is younger than me by two years.5.fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.因为前面再没有山了。for表示“因为”。insight表示“在看得见的范围内”、“在可看见之处”：一个人也看不见。Nomanwasinsight.