本科毕业设计-浅析英语新词的构成与翻译.doc
《本科毕业设计-浅析英语新词的构成与翻译.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《本科毕业设计-浅析英语新词的构成与翻译.doc(21页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、AbstractLanguage, as an important carrier of social development, is supposed to be synchronized with it. The rapid development of politics, economy in modern society, the consistent progress of science and technology, the increasingly frequent cross-culture communication as well as the prevalence of
2、 the Internet has produced a great number of English neologisms. Being a prism of western social life, English neologisms reflect the new idea, new life and new value of modern western people. Hence, the research on English neologisms is of great significance in many aspects such as linguistics, cul
3、turology and sociology. It not only benefits the research on English renewal and changes, but also facilitates the international exchange of science and culture.This thesis, which focuses on English neologisms created after World War , will firstly give a relatively clear definition to “Neologism”,
4、then the formation and translation skills of English neologisms will be analyzed. Further, we will undertake discussing with respect to the sources or underlying reasons for their existence, and finally make some forecast of developing trend of English neologisms. The innovation of this thesis as fo
5、llows: in the future, the new coinage of English neologisms will tend to be efficient and mass-produced, and Chinese will be a great source of English neologisms.Key words: English neologism; word formation; translation; sources; prospect 中文摘要作为社会发展动态和成果的直接载体,语言的发展必须与之同步。现代社会政治经济的发展、科学技术的进步、频繁的跨文化交流
6、,网络的盛行,大量的英语新词应运而生。英语新词表现了当代西方人的新思想、新生活、新的价值观念,是反映西方社会的多棱镜。英语新词的研究是一项非常重要的工作,具有语言学、文化学、社会学等多方面的意义。研究英语新词不仅有利于研究英语的更新和变化,还有利于促进世界性科技文化交流。本文针对二战后产生的英语新词,根据国内外对英语新词的研究,首先对“何为新词”给出一个较为明确的定义,重点分析阐述其构词方式和翻译技巧,继而探讨其产生来源,并对其未来发展趋势作出预测。本文的创新点在于指出在未来,英语新词的造词趋向简洁化批量化,而中文亦将对其有着更为重要的影响。关键词:英语新词;构词;汉译;来源;展望Chapte
7、r 1 Introduction and Definition of Neologisms1.1 IntroductionAs the vehicle of communication, language is relatively stable as well as constantly changing. The British scholar Foster (1980) said when society changes gradually or sharply, language will show some changes to cater to the demands of soc
8、iety. And Eugene Nida (1982) deemed that the most distinctive feature of English language is its flexibility.Vocabulary is the most important and active component of a language. Social development leads to developments and changes of English language, which results in the appearance of a large numbe
9、r of English new words. Consequently, it is an inexorable trend of English language to adapt to the development of society. According to The Barnhart Dictionary Companion, the number of new words they collect is no less than 1,500 to 1,600 per year. The first systematic research on English neologism
10、 started in the early 20th century, and most of the early neologisms came from wars and technology. The dictionary compilation of English neologisms was booming in the last two decades. Roughly estimated, there are more than 20 different kinds of neologism dictionaries. Moreover, the thriving of the
11、 Internet and modern media also provide a fertile ground for neologisms. The Internet performs its magic power and makes twitter and unfriend become the hottest new words of 2009 while news reports apply neologisms as spot lights in news title producing. Nevertheless, different from abroad, the dome
12、stic study of English neologisms has just taken off.This thesis will give a relatively clear definition for neologism, then the emphasizing analysis on the characteristics of their word formation, translations as well as sources will be given, and finally predictions of the prospects of English neol
13、ogisms will be made. The study of English neologisms not only benefits the study of English renewing and changing, but also enhances the global technological and cultural exchange and cooperation, better integration rather than separation.1.2 Definition of NeologismsWebsters New World Dictionary (Th
14、ird College Edition) defines the word “neologism” as “a new word or new meaning for an established word” (David Bernard Guralnik, Neufeldt Victoria, 1989).The definition of neologism in Microsoft Encarta Library Encarta Dictionary was “a recently coined word or phrase, or a recently extended meaning
15、 of an existing word or phrase”. Lin Chengzhangs (1987) definition is “newly coined words or words that are given new meaning to fit new situation because of social, economic, political, cultural, scientific and technical changes in human society.” Neologisms are prisms of the modern society that re
16、flect the new thoughts, new life styles and new values. This thesis will mainly focus on the general principles for formation and translations of neologisms in latest decades. Roughly speaking, the word “neologisms” in this thesis includes the following meanings: i) A new word: it was created becaus
17、e of the social changes. ii) An old word: new meanings were given to an old word during the development of a language or an existed word of other languages was introduced to English.Chapter 2 Literature ReviewThe researches on English neologisms always goes with lexicology as the birth of English ne
18、ologism will always lead to the need of compiling of a dictionary to include English new words. The American scholar John Algeo once wrote in the preface of his book Fifty Years Among the New Words: A Dictionary of Neologism, 1941-1991 (1993), though neologisms dictionaries win warm praise from the
19、public in recent years, in fact, the compiling of English dictionaries begins with the compiling of neologisms dictionaries in a way. The first overseas researches on neologisms and compiling of new words dictionaries can be dated back to the beginning of 20th century, in a real sense. Leon Meads bo
20、ok Word - Coinage which was published in 1902, is the earliest writing of studies on new words in the 20th century. Though the book is not yet a neologism dictionary, it does collect a amount of writings of neologisms. In the book, Mead presented the research on neologisms for the first time, and no
21、ted the attitudes of some writers at that time. Alphonso Smith, on the other hand, had his writing which was entitled New Words Self-Defined released in 1920. This book is the first record of new development of new words (mostly for military use) by means of dictionary compiling. From then on, war a
22、nd scientific technology seems to be hot spots of producing new words, and neologisms dictionaries that include new words of these two fields are emerging unceasingly.In the recent 20 years, the dictionary compiling in western countries is thriving. According to statistics, there are more than 20 ty
23、pes of English neologisms already. And Websters Third New International Dictionary, The Oxford Dictionary of New Words, The Barnhart Dictionary of New English and Fifty Years Among the New Words: A Dictionary of Neologism, 1941-1991 by Professor Algeo are of highest academic value among those dictio
24、naries. Besides, well-known publications like Random House Dictionary of the English Language, Verbatin and Dictionary Society of North America have given a push to the promotion of English neologisms. Moreover, the mass media, both the traditional ones and the new media provide new ways of collecti
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 本科 毕业设计 浅析 英语 新词 构成 翻译
限制150内