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1、怀仁市2022-2023学年度下学期高三第二次调研测试英语（考试时间120分钟，满分150分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. What does Jim do?A. A teacher. B. An officer. C. A student.2. What ti
2、me did Suzy leave home?A. 4:30. B. 5:00, C. 5:15.3. What is the mans suggestion?A. Going to the concert. B. Going to see a show. C. Just walking around.4. How long has the rain lasted?A. 5 days. B. 6 days. C. 7 days.5. What opinion do they hold on their chemistry course?A. Its well organized. B. It
3、is satisfactory. C. It is unsatisfactory.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。6. Where does this conversation take place?A. In a library. B. In a school. C. In a bookstore.7. Why
4、 is William Shakespeare mentioned （提及）in the conversation?A. He gave gifts to millions of people.能需要更多的个人数据，并造成更大的信息滥用风险。）”可推断，对于Facebook试图引导元世界，一些 人持担心的态度。故选C。DBirds that dive underwater - such as penguins, gannets and pelicans - may be more likely to go extinct than their nondiving relatives, a ne
5、w study reported in Proceedings of the Royal Society finds.Many waterbirds have evolved highly specialized bodies and behaviors that facilitate diving. Now, an analysis of the evolutionary history of more than 700 waterbird species shows that once a bird group gains the ability to dive, the change i
6、s irreversible, which could help explain why diving birds have a higher extinction rate compared with nondiving birds.“There are considerable morphological 形态 学的）adaptations fbr diving. says Catherine Sheard, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Bristol in England. For instance, gannets an
7、d some pelicans that dive into the water from the air have twists to the neck muscles and the bones in the chest. Ifs possible that some diving birds are evolving under an evolutionary ratchetJ where adaptations to use a certain food source or habitat encourage specialized evolution. These birds may
8、 become trapped in their ways, increasing their risk of extinction.Evolutionary biologists Josh Tyler and Jane Younger investigated the evolution of diving in a collection of 727 waterbird species across 11 bird groups. They explored the link between diving and the development of new species, or the
9、ir extinction, in various bird lineages（家族）.Among 236 diving bird species, 75, or 32 percent, were part of lineages that are experiencing 0.02 more species extinctions per million years than the generation of new species. Bird lineages that don*t dive, on the other hand, generated 0.1 more new speci
10、es per million years than the rate of species dying out.“The more specialized you become, the more reliant you are on a particular diet, foraging（觅食）strategy or environment. says Tyler. The range of environments available for foraging is much larger fbr the nondiving birds than fbr the specialist di
11、vers, and this may play into their ability to adapt and thrive.12. What does the underlined word “irreversible in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Unexpected.B. Unchangeable.C. Unreal.D. Unwelcome.13. Why are gannets and pelicans mentioned in Paragraph 3?A. To present a fact.B. To illustrate a concept.C
12、. To give a definition.D. To explain a phenomenon.14. What do we know about Josh Tyler and Jane Youngers study?A. Biologists got the results by comparison.B. Data were collected by observing waterbirds.C. 32 diving bird species went extinct during the process.D. The aim is to build connection betwee
13、n diving and nondiving birds.15. Which of the following factors plays a role in nondiving birds9 lower extinction rate?A. Wider habitat range.B. Quicker foraging speed.C. More food options.D. Stronger reproduction ability.【答案】12.B13. A 14. A 15. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项新研究发现，在水下潜水的鸟类可能比不潜水的鸟类更容易 灭
14、绝。【12题详解】词义猜测题。结合语境及画线词后 “which could help explain why diving birds have a higher extinction rate compared with nondiving birds（这可能有助于解释为什么潜水鸟比非潜水鸟有更高的灭绝率）”可知，潜水鸟 比非潜水鸟有更高的灭绝率，是因为潜水鸟一旦获得了潜水能力，这种变化是不可逆转的，irreversible意 为“不可逆转的。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。第三段首句 “There are considerable morphological（形态学的）adaptatio
15、ns for diving.（潜水有相 当大的形态学适应）”提到潜水有相当大的形态学适应，接着下文uFor instance, gannets and some pelicans that dive into the water from the air have twists to the neck muscles and the bones in the chest.（例如, 塘鹅和些 鹏鹏从空中跳入水中时 颈部肌肉和胸部骨骼都有扭曲）”提到塘鹅和一些鹏鹏从空中跳入水中时，颈部肌 肉和胸部骨骼都有扭曲，是呈现一个事实证明上述观点。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中 “They
16、explored the link between diving and the development of new species, or their extinction, in various bird lineages（家族）.Among 236 diving bird species, 75, or 32 percent, were part of lineages that are experiencing 0.02 more species extinctions per million years than the generation of new species. Bir
17、d lineages that dont dive, on the other hand, generated 0.1 more new species per million years than the rate of species dying out.（他们在不同的鸟类谱系中探索了潜水与新物种发展或灭绝之间的联系。在236种潜水鸟 中，有75种（32%）是每百万年灭绝的物种数量比新物种数量多0.02种的世系。另一方面，不潜水的鸟 类谱系每百万年产生的新物种比物种灭绝的速度多0.1个）”可知，生物学家是通过比较潜水鸟和非潜水鸟 与新物种发展或灭绝之间的联系而得出研究结果的。故选A。【15
18、题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 “The range of environments available for foraging is much larger for thenondiving birds than for the specialist divers, and this may play into their ability to adapt and thrive.（对于不潜水的 鸟类来说，觅食环境的范围比专业潜水员大得多，这可能有助于它们适应和茁壮成长的能力）”可知，不潜 水的鸟类觅食环境更广泛，这有助于它们适应和茁壮成长的能力，因此更不容易灭绝。故选A。第二节（共5小
19、题;每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Calendars are for managing your time. They work overtime to keep the messiness of human life confined into neat little grids, squeezing our lives into seconds, minutes and hours. I appreciate a calendars determined efforts to manage time. 16 For
20、 the past several years, Ive kept a planner with me at all times. The real magic in planners, to me, comes in the blank space where I reflect on the past and imagine the future. Cracking open a fresh weeks layout on a Monday morning and seeing the empty pages expand like a canvas waiting to be fille
21、d, the tone of the week yet to be set, the possibilities endless.You start by creating a wish list for your ideal life. The idea is to be as specific as possible. You then pick the one goal that would have the biggest positive impact. You break that goal down into smaller tasks, and then prioritize
22、them. 17 This method turns a general idea in your head into something that you can actually accomplish. From there, you can reflect every month on how you spent your time, and whether what you did actually is consistent with the goals you set.18 It leaves no digital footprint, but it does leave a pa
23、per trail that you can look back on for years to come. It doesnt buzz impatiently when you don9t look at it, and it will not be exported to Outlook. It requires you to sit in quiet conversation with yourself, reflecting on your past and visualizing your future. It forces me to answer hard truths, li
24、ke what do I really want out of life and am I spending my days in line with who I want to be.19Planning helps me ensure that Im not a passenger at the mercy of my calendar, but rather driving toward a destination that I choose. 20 And some really nice pens.A. Then, add those tasks to the calendar.B.
25、 Theres no pressure to make it perfect.C. But planners are for dreaming without limits.D Its easy to appreciate calendars for their usefulness.E. Using a paper planner brings me both joy and a sense of calm.F. Ifs an important ritual （仪式）that deserves weight and ceremony.G. After all, our lives are
26、the sum of how we spend our time and what we pay attention to.【答案】16.C17. A 18. E 19. G 20. F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 paperplanner（纸张规划簿），它可以给作者带来快乐与平静，表达了 作者对它的喜爱。【16题详解】上文 Calendars are for managing your time. They work overtime to keep the messiness of human life confined into neat little grids, squ
27、eezing our lives into seconds, minutes and hours. I appreciate a calendars determined efforts to manage time.（日历用于管理您的时间。它们加班加点，把人类生活中的混乱局限在整洁的小格子 里，把我们的生活压缩成几秒钟、几分钟和几小时。我欣赏日历为管理时间所做的坚定努力）”讲述了日历 的作用，它把人们的生活限制在整齐的小格子中，作者表示出对日历的欣赏。下文“For the past several years, Tve kept a planner with me at all times.
28、 The real magic in planners, to me, comes in the blank space where 1 reflect on the past and imagine the future. Cracking open a fresh weeks layout on a Monday morning and seeing the empty pages expand like a canvas waiting to be filled, the tone of the week yet to be set, the possibilities endless.
29、（在过去的几年里，我一直都有一个规划簿。对我来说，规划簿的真正魔力来自于我反思过去和想 象未来的空白空间。在周一的早晨打开一周的新布局，看到空白的页面像画布一样展开，等待填满，本周 的基调尚未设定，可能性无限）”讲到在过去的几年里，作者一直随身带着一个规划簿，它给作者的神奇魔 力是空白的空间，给作者无限可能，没有束缚。因此，可以推断出空格内容应表示转折对比，体现规划簿 的没有束缚特征，C选项“但规划簿支持无限制的梦想。”切题。故选C项。【17题详解】上文 “You start by creating a wish list for your ideal life. The idea is to
30、 be as specific as possible. You then pick the one goal that would have the biggest positive impact. You break that goal down into smaller tasks, and then prioritize them.（你首先要为你的理想生活建立一个愿望清单。想法是尽可能具体。然后你选择一个会产生 最大积极影响的目标。你将目标分解为较小的任务，然后对它们进行优先级排序）”讲到列一个详细的愿望 清单，挑选一个最有积极影响的目标，然后把它们分成一个个小任务，然后排序。下文“T
31、his method turns a general idea in your head into something that you can actually accomplish. From there, you can reflect every month on how you spent your time, and whether what you did actually is consistent with the goals you set.（这种方 法将你头脑中的一个总的想法转变为你可以实际完成的事情。从那里，你可以每个月反思你是如何度过时 间的，以及你所做的事情是否与你
32、设定的目标一致）”讲到这个方法的作用，在那里可以反映出你每个月时 间的分配。因此，可以推断，空格中应对上文的小任务进行处理。下文的there有所指，故选项中应出现 一个东西或者地方，结合第一段讲到日历的作用可知，there指日历，A选项“然后，将这些任务添加到日 历中。”切题。故选A项。【18题详解】 段首的空格，因此我们要往后看。由下文 uIt leaves no digital footprint, but it does leave a paper trail that you can look back on for years to come. It doesnt buzz impa
33、tiently when you dont look at it, and it will not be exported to Outlook. It requires you to sit in quiet conversation with yourself, reflecting on your past and visualizing your future.（它没有留下数字足迹，但它确实留下了纸上的痕迹，你可以在未来几年回顾。当你 不看它时，它不会不耐烦地发出嗡嗡声，也不会导出到Outlook。它要求你与自己静静地交谈，反思你的 过去，想象你的未来）”可知，空格处是这一段的总起句，
34、这个“它”指的就是paper planner （纸张规划 簿），纸张规划簿给作者带来了平静，E选项“使用纸张规划簿给我带来了快乐和平静。”切题。故选E 项。【19题详解】由上文 “It forces me to answer hard truths, like what do I really want out of life and am I spending my days in line with who I want tobe.（它迫使我回答一些残酷的事实，比如我真正想要的是什么，我的日子是按照我想成 为的人度过的吗）”讲到纸张规划簿促使作者回答一些残酷的事实，让作者思考真正想从生活中
35、得到什么， 有没有活成自己想要的样子。因此，可以推测，这个空格也是在探讨生活究竟是什么，G选项“毕竟，我 们的生活是我们如何花费时间和关注什么的总和。”切题。故选G项。【20题详解】上文“ Planning helps me ensure that Im not a passenger at the mercy of my calendar, but rather driving toward a destination that I choose.（计划有助于我确保我不是一个受日历支配的乘客，而是朝着我选择的目的地开 车）”讲到计划帮助作者确保自己不是一个被日历支配的旅客，而是驶向自己选择的
36、终点，再结合下文 “And some really nice pens.（还有一些非常漂亮的钢笔）”可知，写计划需要钢笔，因此，可以推断空格内 容要承上启下。承接上文计划是一个重要的仪式，引起下文，它需要重量和仪式，也需要好的钢笔。F选 项“这是一个值得重视和仪式的重要仪式。”切题。故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。There was once a boy called Joseph Webb who always loved to show o
37、ff how many friends he had at school. One day his 21 said to him, Joseph, I bet（打赌）you a big bag of popcorn that you don*t have as many friends as you think. Fm sure many of them are nothing more than companions.1Joseph 22 the bet at once. However, he wasnt sure how to test whether his schoolmates w
38、ere real friends or not, so he asked his grandfather. The old man answered, nWait a minute/ Then he left and 23 soon as if carrying something in his hands, but Joseph could see nothing there.Take it. Its a very 24 chair because its invisible（看不见）. Its rather 25 to sit on, but if you take it to schoo
39、l and 26 to sit on it, you*! activate（激活）its 27 and itll be able to tell who your real friends are.”Joseph, brave and determined, set off for 28 with the strange and invisible chair. At break time he asked everyone to form a 29、and he put himself in the middle, with his chair. Having difficulty seei
40、ng it,Joseph tried to sit on it but he 30 the seat and fell straight onto his backside. Everyone around him had a pretty good laugh.Wait! Let me try again/ Joseph said. But again, he missed the seat, 31 more surprised looks and a few catcalls（尖口U, 喝侄ij彩）. Joseph didnt 32 and kept trying to sit on th
41、e magic chair. But he kept falling to the ground.until, suddenly he tried again but didn*t 33, Looking around, Joseph saw three ofhis best friends holding him up. 34、many others he had thought of as friends had done nothing but madefun of him.And there, the show came to an end. Joseph understood tha
42、t true friends were those who care for him, and not just the 35 that happened to be passing by. And someone who took joy in his misfortunes（不幸）was even less of a friend.21. A. schoolmateB. grandfatherC. companionD. stranger22. A. acceptedB. noticedC. concludedD. believed23. A. passedB. recoveredC. r
43、eturnedD. disappeared24. A. softB. beautifulC. comfortableD. special25. A. excitingB. wonderfulC. positiveD. difficult26. A. intendB. decideC. manageD. hope27. A. promiseB. magicC. memoryD. knowledge28. A. homeB. schoolC. partyD. hospital29. A. circleB. popcornC. chairD. bag30. A. escapedB. heldC. s
44、atD. missed31. A. providingB. movingC. causingD. losing32. A. give upB. watch overC. turn downD. sort out33. A. sitB. careC. fallD. stand34. A. HoweverB. MoreoverC. BesidesD. Therefore35. A. relativeB. neighborC. teammateD. companion【答案】2LB 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. D 31.32
45、. A 33. C34. A 35. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过一个故事告诉我们真正的朋友是在遇见困难的时候关心我们的人。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天他的爷爷对他说：“约瑟夫，我跟你赌一大袋爆米花，你的朋友没有你 想的那么多。 A. schoolmate同学;B. grandfather祖父;C.companion同伴;D. stranger陌生人。根据下文“However, he wasnt sure how to 4 whether his schoolmates were real friends or not, so he asked hisgrandf
46、ather.”可知，是他的爷爷对他说的话。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：约瑟夫立刻接受了打赌。A. accepted接受；B. noticed注意；C.concluded得出 结论；D. believed相信。呼应上文“I bet you a big bag of popcorn”指约瑟夫立刻接受了打赌。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他离开了，很快又回来了，好像手里拿着什么东西，但是约瑟什么也看不 见,A. passed 通过；B. recovered 恢复；C. returned 返回;D. disappeared 消失。根据后文 “as if carry
47、ing something in his hands”可知爷爷先是离开，又很快回来了。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一把很特别的椅子，因为它是隐形的。A. soft软的；B. beautiful漂亮 的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. special特别的。根据后文“because心invisible”可知，这是一把非常特殊 的椅子，因为是隐形的。故选D。25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很难坐在上面，但如果你把它带到学校，并设法坐在它上面，你就会激活它 的魔法，它就会知道谁是你真正的朋友。A. exciting令人激动的；B. wonderful精彩的；C
48、.positive积极 的；D.difficult困难的。上文提到椅子是隐形的，所以要想坐上这个椅子很难，后文不断跌倒也是提示。故选Do【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很难坐在上面，但如果你把它带到学校，并设法坐在它上面，你就会激活它的 魔法，它就会知道谁是你真正的朋友。A. intend打算；B. decide决定；C.manage设法；D.hope希望。根 据后文“to sit on it, youll activate its”指并设法坐上去，激活它的魔力，它就会辨别谁是真正的朋友， manage to do sth. 设法做成某事”。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很难坐在上面，但如果你把它带到学校，并设法坐在它上面，你就会激活它的 魔法，它就会知道谁是你真正的朋友。A. promise承诺；B.magic魔力;C.memory记忆;D. knowledge知 识。根据后文“itll be able to tell who your real friends are”可知，椅子可以告诉你谁是真正的朋友,说明它 有