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1、2021届全国高三下学期5月全真冲刺英语试卷（北京卷）04（考试时间:90分钟 试卷满分：100分）第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）Fourth-grader, Sarah Haycox, made it her mission to right a wrong. And in doing so, she has shown the world what one person, with passion, can do.One day, when walking by an athletic field near her school
2、, Sarah noticed a small memorial with the name Edwin T. Pratt and the year 1930 - 1969 on it. She 2 who he was and what he did.After some 3 . she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had done many good things to 4 others. Sadly, he was 5 just because someone disagreed with what he was doing
3、.Feeling that the small memorial was hardly big enough for a man who had so much 6 on others, Sarah 7_ to do something!There was a new 8 going up nearby for young kids. She found out who were in charge of the building project and asked them if it could be named after Mr. Pratt. Through great efforts
4、, her vision came to reality! Almost 50 years after his death, Edwin Pratts life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the new school.Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was. But Sarah had the 9_ to leam more, the vision to imagine something better
5、 and the courage to pursue her idea. Her amazingactions have 10 many other young people around the world.1. A. honestB. youngC. cleverD. shy2. A. forgotB. realizedC. wonderedD. explained3. A. discussionB. researchC. practiceD. thought4. A. teachB. rescueC. helpD. repay5. A. killedB. punishedC. blame
6、dD. arrested6. A. impactB. impressionC. reflectionD. dependence7. A. stoppedB. decidedC. happenedD. announced8. A. libraryB. theatreC. schoolD. hospital9. A. curiosityB. confidenceC. chanceD. energy10. A. astonishedB. inspiredC. attractedD. protected【答案】BCBCAABCABA. Make up for a loss in time.B. Fin
7、d or regain lost possession.C. Extract or recycle an energy source for reuse.D. Return to a normal state of health, mind or strength.34. What docs the passage mainly tell about?A. 3 steps of processing plastic waste.B. A way of producing plastic products easily.C. A new system of breaking down plast
8、ic waste.D. A program designed for plastic use in the daily life.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲的是澳大利亚的科学家通过微波将塑料变成可利用的产品，从 而减少环境污染。31 .D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“by using microwaves, plastic waste can be converted into biochar 可知，通过使用微波，塑料垃圾可以被转化为生物炭。选项AC在文中没有提到，选项B虽然提到 了微波，但healed加热在文中也没提到。故选D。32 .D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后段“aba
9、ndoned plastics endanger our marine wildlife, and have begun to enter the food chain. There is an urgent need for developing technologies to recover plastic waste.“可知， 废弃塑料破坏了海洋生物并进入到了食物链。发展可以处理塑料垃圾技术的需求变得急迫。故选Do33 .C【解析】词义猜测题。根据前文可知，科学家通过微波提取了塑料的副产品，使塑料得到了再利用。 A.及时弥补损失；B.找到或重新得到失去的东西；C.提取或再利用一种能源；D
10、.将健康、思想 和身体返回到正常水平。故选C。34 .C 解析主旨大意题。根据第一段“a system which uses microwaves to break down plastic”可知，文中介 绍了一种使用微波降解塑料的系统。在其后几段中，分别介绍了该系统的进展、实验步骤以及科学 家对塑料回收的态度。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We all wish for the arrival of Sunday. 35_ The hard work of a busy week is so
11、othed （抚慰）by a good sleep that lasts, in most cases, till the Sunday afternoon. But after that, too much sleep can make the rest of the day generally end in lazing around the sofa, without doing anything.Therefore, to really relax on a Sunday, the answer doesnt lie in sleep, but in doing things that
12、 provides a soothing touch. Most often we get so lost in work that when Sunday conics, we really dont know what to do with the free twenty-fbur hours wcvc got. 36_ Luckily, there are many things you can do to enjoy your Sunday.37 An early morning jog would restore your tiredness caused by the daily
13、schedule. After the morning walk, youll have more energy to face the day head on.You must have bought a lot of books on your last visit to the bookstore, but lack of time must have prevented you from reading. Spend the Sunday afternoon reading any book that Interests you. 38With life being filled wi
14、th too much work, finding free （ime during （he working days is surely a struggle. 39 In such a case, Sunday is the best day to pull up your sleeves, and get to work on the house. Clean the house, wash the clothes or mend anything that is broken. In short, making the house clean and tidy is a good id
15、ea of spending Sundays.A. All the hope of joys and enjoyment rests on Sunday.B. By the time we decide to do anything, the day gets over.C. Consider using this day to take care of your plants and flowers.D. On the other hand, its natural that your house gets dusty and messy.E. It is on this day that
16、everyone can safely hope to relax and simply do as they please.F. In this way, youll not only have spent a constructive time, but also exercise your brain.G If you want to enjoy Sunday, then you d better wake up early and go for a walk or a jog.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。人们都盼望着周末的到来，但是又不知道如何过得充实。文章叙述的 是如何过好周末。35
17、 .E 下文 The hard work of a busy week is soothed （抚慰）by a good sleep （hat lasts, in most cases, till （he Sunday afternoon.说明一周的辛苦工作后，一个好的睡眠可以让你得到舒缓，在大多数情况下，这 种舒缓可以持续到周日下午。因此推断在这一天，每个人都可以放心地放松，做自己喜欢做的事情， 故选E项。36 .B 根据前面的句子 Most often we get so lost in work that when Sunday comes, we really dont know wh
18、at to do with the free twenty-four hours weve got.（大多数时候，我们迷失在工作之中，以至于当星期天到 来的时候，我们真的不知道如何利用我们所拥有的）因此推断当我们决定做任何事情的时候，一天 就结束了。由此逻辑可判断选B项。37 .G 根据后面的句 T?An early morning jog would restore your tiredness caused by the daily schedule.（一个 早起的慢跑将修复你一周的疲倦）因此可推断，如果你想享受星期天，那么你最好早起去散步或慢 跑。清晨慢跑可以恢复你因每日计划而产生的疲劳
19、。早晨散步之后，你会有更多的精力去面对新的一天。由此逻辑可判断选G项。38 .F 根据前面一个句子，Spend the Sunday afternoon reading any book that interests you.(周 Fl 的下午最好用 来读你喜欢的书)因此可知书是可以益智的，你上次去书店时一定买了很多书，但时间不够，一定 妨碍了你读书。星期天下午读任何你感兴趣的书。这样，你不仅花了有建设性的时间，而且锻炼了 你的大脑。由此逻辑可判断选F项。39 .D 根据后面的句子 get to work on the house. Clean the house, wash the clot
20、hes or mend anything that is broken.得知平时工作很忙，等到周末时可以在家里搞卫生，洗衣等，那就是说平时家里是较乱的， 因此推断生活充满了太多的工作，在工作日很难找到空闲时间。另一方面，你的房子变得又脏又乱 是很自然的。在这种情况星期天是挽起袖子开始干家务的最好日子。由此逻辑可判断选D项。第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节阅读表达(共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分)A calorie deficit赤字， 不足)is a state in which you bum more calories than you consum
21、e. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight, how does it work? For example, if you bum 2,500 calories per day but only cat 2,()00, you have created a deficit of 50() calorics per day. There is mathematical certainty. But, this by no means tells the whole story about how calories defici
22、t affects our lives.Before wondering what a calorie deficit is, its probably best to learn what a calorie is. A calorie is a unit that we use to track our bodys energy expenditure 什肖耗)and storage. In order to just stay alive, human beings (and animals) burn calorics. This means, even before wc perfo
23、rm any activity, our bodies arc already using energy (measured in calories) to keep us alive. Around 70% of the calories we consume are spent on just keeping our vital organs running. Thus, if a person consumes calories far more less than needed (o look thin, it may have negative effects on the body
24、.When people pick up a caloric deficit, they often merely note that the caloric math is irrefutable (无可辩驳 的).The question here is that not all calories arc the same. If you cat a few bags of potato chip worth of calorics to support the calorie intake needed (o maintain or cut down on your weight, it
25、 will work. But, this doesnl have the same effect on your body and overall health as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calorics.It seems like a simple unit of energy has become an object of our societys obsession. It neednt be that way. Remember, calorie deficits are just a t
26、ool, which serves a purpose in losing some weight and keeping track of your calorie intake seems simple enough.40 . What do we know about the calorie deficit?41 . Why cannot a person consumes calorics far more less than needed to look thin ?42 . Please decide which part is false in the following sta
27、tement, then underline it and explain why.Those who are on diet to lose weight healthily can eat a few bags of potato chips a day to get proper calories to support one 3 body.43 . What is your advice for people who are losing weight? (about 40 words)【答案及解析】40. It helps people lose weight.41. It may
28、have negative effects on the body.42. Those who are on diet to lose weight healthily can eat。全卬 bags of Dolat。chips a day to get proper calories to support onefs body.According to the passage, people should have balanced nutritional diets containing proper calories.【文本解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了卡路里的定义以及告诉我们不能
29、仅仅看卡路里的数值，不能 对于这样的能量单位太过痴迷。40. 根据第段 A caloric deficit is a state in which you burn more calorics than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight 可知，k路里不足可以减肥。41. 根据第二段 In order to just stay alive, human beings (and animals) burn calories, if a person consumes calories far mo
30、re less than needed to look thin, it may have negative effects on the body.42. 根据倒数第二段 If you eat a few bags of potato chip worth of calories to support the calorie intake needed to maintain or cut down on your weight, it will work. But, this doesnt have the same effect on your body and overall heal
31、th as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calories.可知,作者建议食用含 有适当的热量，营养均衡的饮食来减肥。第二节 书面表达(满分20分)假定你是李华，你校外教Mary回美国度假即将返回，给你发来e-mail,询问你希望她帮你从美国带 什么礼物。请给她回复一封电子邮件。要点如下：1 .询问度假情况；2 .希望得到什么礼物；3 .表达感谢。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Mary,I am so glad to know that you are returnin
32、g to China after the holidays in the USA.YoursLi Hua 【范文】Dear Mary,I am so glad to know that you are returning to China after the holidays in the USA. How is your holiday? You must have had great fun together with your family back in your motherland after working so long in China. I hope you can sha
33、re your wonderful experiences with us afterwards.Il is very kind of you to offer to buy gifts fbr me. I would quite appreciate i( if you could buy me an English dictionary and several popular novels which/that sell well in your country. I am sure (hey will help me improve my English. I will also pre
34、pare a gift for you in return.Thanks again fbr your kindness, we arc all looking forward to seeing you soon. Welcome back to our school! Best wishes.YoursLi Hua【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Sarah通过自己的努力，让一个已被人忘记的人权运动领袖， 重新被人纪念的故事。I.考查形容词词义辨析。上文提到“四年级的Sarah Haycox”，由此可知应是年轻人。故选B项。2 .考查动词词义辨析。根据第三段第一句话，她做了一些研究，
35、最后知道了纪念碑主人的身份。故可推 知，此处表示她“想知道”。故选C项。3 .考查名词词义辨析。依据后面她得知的结果，说明是在“研究，调查”后得知的。故选B项。4 .考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖。人们给他树立了纪念碑，由此我 们可知，他一定帮助过很多人。故选C项。5 .考查动词词义辨析。划线后提到有人不同意他的做法，所以因此他被杀害。人们对此为他立碑。故选A 项。6 .考查名词词义辨析。前文提到了作为一位民权领袖，他帮助了很多人。同时Sarah觉得一个小小的纪念 碑是不够的,是因为他“影响” 了很多人。故选A项。7 .考查动词词义辨析。由下文可知S
36、arah为了纪念这位民权领袖，她找了一所愿意以Edwin T. Pratt命名 的学校。因此可推出，此处表示Sarah决定做点什么。故选B项。8 .考查名词词义辨析。根据倒数第二段最后一句提到的“新学校”可知，此处新建的是一所儿童学校。故 选C项。9 .考查名词词义辨析。根据上文第4题提到的“她想知道他是谁，他干了什么事”可知，Sarah拥有好奇 心。故此处的curiosity和第4题的wonder构成相互呼应。故选A项。10 .考查动词词义辨析。此处和文章第一段构成首尾呼应。根据第一段提及“她向世界展示了一个充满激 情的年轻人可以做到的事情“可知，她的行为“激励” r世界各地其他年轻人。故选
37、b项。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)ATo me, the most beautiful thing is the ocean. It is beautiful because it has a calming effect. When II ? (listen) to the sound of the waves, I feel peaceful. 12?the age of 10, I went to the beach for (he first time. With my feet in the water, I felt totally relaxed, an
38、d the sound of the ocean really 13? (comfort) me. From then on, I often drcam of floating in the ocean, feeling carefree.BDiscovering yourself plays 14? important role in inspiring your confidence. By doing so, you could know 15? you are weak in. And you may also realize youre quite a great person w
39、ith great strengths. So when youre in a hard situation, you will believe in 16? (you) and spend the most difficult lime with confidence. Othenvise you may give up and then lose everything. Therefore, the ability 17? (trust) yourself will decide your future a lot.CThe year 2018 marks the 40th anniver
40、saiy of Chinas reform and opening-up. The past four decades has seen China shift its society from a farmers5 community to a digital culture 18? (successful). Under the leadership of CPC, many C? (achievement) can be seen in every field. The life of the Chinese people has improved, with millions of p
41、eople being lifted out of poverty.The country now has the worlds 20? (large) high-speed rail network. And with around 800 million Internet users, China has become the worlds fastest-growing online shopping market.答案和解析?？语篇解读A篇讲了作者第一次去海边的经历和作者对大海的喜爱;B篇讲人们应该发现自己的优点，这样 在困难的时候就能够有信心克服;C篇讲了中国改革开放以来的一些成就。
42、11 .listening句意:当听到波浪的声音时，我感到很平静。本题考查时间状语从句中的省略，时间状语从句中 的主语和主句主语一致且谓语是系动词时可以将从句的主语和系动词省略，因此本空填listening。12.At句意:十岁的时候，我第一次去海边。本题考查介词。atthcagc。产在岁的时候”，故填At。 forted句意:我的脚在水里，我感到非常放松，海洋的声音真的让我感到安慰。本题考查动词的时态。本语篇 讲的是我十岁时第一次去海边的经历，因此用一般过去时，故填comfortedo14 .an句意:发现你自己对于激发你的自信发挥着重要作用。本题考查冠词。设空处后的role在本句中表 泛指
43、，故填不定冠词,imporlam以元音音素开头，所以前面冠词应用an。15 .what句意:通过这样做,你能知道你在什么方面比较薄弱。本题考查名词性从句。know后为宾语从句， 宾语从句中缺少宾语，故填whato16 .yoursclf句意:所以当你遇到困境时，你会相信你自己。本题考查反身代词。这里指的是“相信你自己”， 因此本空填yourself017 .to trust句意:因此，相信你自己的能力将会很大程度上决定你的未来。本题考查非谓语动词。ability需用 动词不定式作后置定语，故填to trusto18 .successfully 本题考查词性转换。设空处修饰动词shift,故应用
44、副词successfully来修饰动词。 .achievements句意:在中国共产党的领导下，各个领域都能看到许多成就。本题考查名词复数形式，从设 空处前many可知，该空应用名词复数形式。因此填achievements。1.1 largest句意:现在这个国家有全世界最大的高速铁路网。本题考查形容词最高级。根据句意及设空处前 的the可知，用形容词最高级,因此填largesto第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEveryone fancies a bargain; if it i
45、s free, eveiyone loves it even more! Those who do not believe in a free lunch can now eat their words because it is possible to get things for free in Singapore without any conditions attached. Let me introduce you to some tips on where and how to gain some free presents, all without even touching y
46、our wallet.FoodGo search fbr food festivals and fairs. These food sellers usually put out a lot of small samples for all （o try. Famous ones include the Singapore Food Festival held annually in the month of July at various locations including the Takashimaya Square and Plaza Singapura.HaircutsThere
47、are well-known hair salons every month that require hair models for apprentices（学徒）to exercise their skills or for their hair slylists（发型师）lo experiment with new styles. Unbelievable as it might sound, most people come out of this experience satisfied and addicted to more of such deals. Free Interne
48、tMost hotels offer free wifi. There are also many cafes in Singapore that offer free wireless surfing. However, order a coffee to avoid unfriendly stares from the staff. Popular spots include the McDonalds, Starbucks andCafe Galilee outlets throughout our island. Free City Tour If you are a traveler in Singapore, the Singapore Tourism Board has arranged for you to enjoy a free two-hour city tour that offers you a choice to enjoy a Seniosa Island tour or a small-boat experience.Living and travel