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1、2023年辽宁省抚顺市普通高中高考英语一模试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ACycling in cities with proper biking infrastructure （基石出设施）can give people a closer experience of traveling around a place that cars and buses simply cant.Her e are four cycle-friendly cities around the world.Utrecht, NetherlandsWhile the Netherlandsmos
2、t populous city, Amsterdam, is definitely bike friendly,were heading southeast to Utrecht,a city that has a fair claim to being the globes most pro-two-wheel destination.In its center, up to 50% of all journeys take place by bike and local authorities are building a 12, 500-space cycle parking facil
3、ity advertised as the worlds biggest.Copenhagen, DenmarkMore than half the locals in the Danish capital cycle to work or school,and with an estimated bike population of 650,000 there are slightly more cycles than people.City leaders determine not just on increasing bike use furt her, but promoting s
4、afe bike infrastructure that features bike lanes （车道）of up to three meters in width.Berlin, GermanyGermany has been quietly getting on with boosting bike use in many of its cities.Berlin is the standout example.About 13% of all trips in the city are made by bike, nearly twice the rate of 20 years ag
5、o. Tokyo, JapanIn this vast capital city,an amazing 14% of all trips are made by bike.There are practical reasons why many Tokyo residents pref er a bike to a car for shorter journeys.Before you can even buy a car in the city you must prove you poss ess a （are and usually expensive） off-street parki
6、ng spot.However,few people cycle to work-distances tend to be long and public transport is hugely efficient.Also, a lot of cycling takes place-legally-on footpaths and sidewalks.(1) What is special about Utrecht? allenges.To help the visually impaired find their way to the store,special paths (5) (e
7、xtend) from Nanchang Road to Niguang 226 have been laid.The lam p posts outside the store have also been decorated (6) braille street signs.To ensure the (7 ) (safe) of its visitors, Niguang 226 has no sharp comers.In addition,the store has an accessible reading corner that (8) (equip) with an elect
8、ronic visual aid d evice that can help colorblind people to read.Many of the barrier-free facilities in the bookstore wer e included following suggestions by Han Ying,honorary store manager, (9) lost her vision due to illness.There are currently seven mem bers working at the bookstore,including Han
9、and her guide dog.The other five (10) (be) two visually impaired and thre e able-bodied employees.(D五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)37 .假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你上次信中提到的“绿色校园，我们在行动 ”为主题的植树活动，请你给他写封回信，内容包括：(1)写信目的；(2)介绍植树活动；(3)活动意义。要求：(I)写作词数应为80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。38 . Emily finished playing the music, and t
10、hen bowed to the animal toys on her bed. There, three times in a row with no mistakes,39 she said, nI just hope I can play it that well at the concert.n In just an hour she would be playing her first solo, and the thought was giving her butterflies.n Youre lucky you dont have to play by yourself in
11、front of everybody, she said, smoothing Lea the Tiger*s fur,and gazed down at the smiling face of Zoey the Zebra.Emily scolded, Youre a big help.How can you be so happy at a time like this? ”She looked around the room at the bear, lion, monkey,and other animal toys that lined her bed and shelves. nI
12、 wish you could all come with me,she sighed.She gave them one last glance and went to join her parents in the car.nDo I have to play in the concert?asked Emily as she climbed into the back seat. HIs my favorite first-grader getting nervous? “her dad asked,smiling.Emily didn*t answer.She was trying t
13、o picture what it would be like to play in front of all th ose people. nYou,ll do fine, honey.H He added. The first time is always the hardest/When they arrived at the concert hall, Emily handed her violin to her teacher, Mrs Allen, for tuning and tiptoed over to where the curtains parted.Looking ou
14、t, she could see that all the seats were filled, with many more people standing in back.Nervously she took her violin and sat with the other students onstage.She held her breath as the curtains started to open and Mrs Allen picked up the microphone to begin the program.One by one t he students playe
15、d their pieces.Finally,Emily heard her name announced.Her heart pounded as she walked toward the front of the stage. 注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。She put her violin under her chin,but she couldnt remember even her first note.As she played,the nanimals11 audience seemed to be changing back
16、into people.答案和解析13.【答案】C、B、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据 Utrecht, Netherlands 部分中 In its center, up to 50% of all journeys take place by bike （在市中心，高达50%的出行是骑自行车完成的）可知，乌得勒支的特殊之处在 于骑自行车约占市中心出行的一半。故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据Copenhagen, Denmark部分中City leaders determine not just on increasing bike use further,but promoting saf
17、e bike infrastructure that features bike lanes （车道）of up to three meters in width.（城 市领导人不仅决定进一步增加自行车使用，还决定推广安全的自行车基础设施，其中包括宽度达 3米的自行车道）可知，哥本哈根在修建自行车基础设施时会考虑安全因素。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据Tokyo, J叩an部分中Before you can even buy a car in the city you must prove you possess a （ are and usually expensive） off-stree
18、t parking spot.（在你买车之前，你必须证明你有一个（通常很贵的）街边停车位）可知， 一些东京市民选择自行车可能是因为它们买不起停车位。A. They prefer to travel long distances by bike.他们更喜欢骑自行车长途旅行；B. They are not allowed to cycle on sidewalks.他们不允许在人行道上骑自行车；C. They have no easy access to buses or trains.他们不容易乘坐公共汽车或火车；D. They probably can*t afford a parking p
19、lace.他们可能负担不起停车位。故选 D。这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了全球四个自行车友好型城市。一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅 读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关 键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、 看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而 主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章 进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对
20、性地对文章 进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻 辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思， 通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表 面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它 不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要 学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，
21、定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。47.【答案】A、A、D、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第段 For one overseas student who has been in China for over a decade （对于一个在中国待了十多年的留学生来说）及第二段中So uley mane Hima Oumarou, a Nigerien student at Hebei University in Baoding, Hebei province, first came to the university in 2012 as an undergraduate,
22、not only for an education, but also to achieve his dream of learning the Chinese martial art of kung fu. （2012年，来自河北省保定市河北大学的尼日尔学生So uley mane Hima Oumarou作为 一名本科生第一次来到这所大学，不仅是为了学习，也是为了实现他学习中国武术功夫的梦想） 可知，十多年前，Oumarou为了实现自己的梦想出国了。故选A。（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Learning martial arts has not been easy because T was
23、 not young when I started, nthe 36-year-oId said （”学习武术并不容易，因为我开始学习的时候已经不年轻了，”这位36岁的人说）可知，Oumarou并没有在很小的时候就开始练习武术，所以这对他来说有挑战性。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段In the future,he plans to open a kung fu center in Niger after he graduates, and to become an instructor and teach youngsters martial arts.（未来，他计划毕业后在尼 日尔开
24、设一 家功夫中心，并成为一名教练，教授年轻人武术）可知，Oumarou毕业后可能会在尼日尔教孩子 们武术，故选D。（4）观点态度题。根据第二段中So uley mane Hima Oumarou,a Nigerien student at Hebei University in Baoding, Hebei province,first came to the university in 2012 as an undergraduate, not only for an education,but also to achieve his dream of learning the Chines
25、e martial art of kung fu. （2012 年，来自 7可1 匕省保定 市河北大学的尼日尔学生So uley mane Hima Oumarou作为一名本科生第一次来到这所大学，不仅是为了学习，也是为了实现他学习中国武术功夫的梦想）和第五段中As far as his instructor is concerned, Oumarou is hardworking and energetic.（在他的导师看来，Oumarou工作勤奋，精力充沛）可知，Oumarou到异国十余年追逐自己的武术梦想，说明他很有 决心，且他很勤奋。A. energetic and humorous
26、精力充沛且幽默的；B. determined and hardworking 坚定而勤奋的；C. generous and talented慷慨且有才华的；D. selfless and positive无私和积极的。 故选Bo这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了河北大学尼日尔籍留学生So uley mane Hima Oumarou逐梦中国 的故事。他痴迷武术，认为武术加深了对中国的了解，他表示未来愿做一名中尼文化交流的使者。 一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅 读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关
27、键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、 看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而 主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章 进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章 进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻 辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思， 通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的
28、表 面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它 不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要 学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。811 .【答案】B、A、C、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第三段“Obviously all the people from the Galapagos felt it was a shame because i
29、ts something weTe familiar w ith since childhood, and to know that it has changed was a bit of a shock*（显然,所有来自加拉帕戈 斯群岛的人都觉得这是一种耻辱，因为这是我们从小就熟悉的东西，知道它已经改变了，这有点 令人震惊。”）及第四段 Washington Tapia said, However, from a scientific point of view, its part of the natural process.（Washington Tapia说：”然而,从科学的角度来看,
30、这是自然过程的 一部分。可知，Tapia认为“达尔文拱门”的坍塌令人惋惜，但认同这是自然过程的一部分。故 选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第六段中 But the area around the islands is a popular diving spot, particularly to observe sharks and other sea species.（但岛屿周围地区是一个受欢迎的潜水地点，特 别是观察鲨鱼和其他海洋物种）可知，人们去加拉帕戈斯群岛最喜欢潜水观察海洋物种。故选A。（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中This morning at 11 ： 20 am local ti
31、me,the world-famous Darwins Arch collapsed in front of their eyes.There are now only two pillars （柱 子）remaining.（当地时间今天上午11点（20分）,举世闻名的，达尔文拱门，在他们眼前倒塌了。 现在只剩下两个柱子了）可知，Agressor Adventures旅游公司在Facebook上发的帖子主要是关于 目睹拱门倒塌。故选C。（4）目的意图题。根据最后一段The Galapagos Islands are a UNESCO World Heritage Site that has b
32、een called a living museum and sh owcase of evolution.The islands are situated about 621 miles from the coast of Ecuador.They are home t o many interesting animals including giant tortoises, marine iguanas, and many types of finches.（加拉 帕戈斯群岛是联合国教科文组织的世界遗产，被称为活的生物进化博物馆和陈列室这些岛屿距 离厄瓜多尔海岸约621英里。它们是许多有趣
33、动物的家园，包括巨型乌龟、海鬣蜥和许多种类的 雀类）可知，最后一段主要介绍了加拉帕戈斯群岛，旨在补充一些背景信息。A. To advertise for Aggressor Adventures.为侵略者冒险做广告；B. To introduce the theory of evolution.介绍进化论；C. To praise Darwin for his contribution.赞扬达 尔文的贡献；D. To add some background information.补充一些背景信息。故选Do 这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述由于自然侵蚀，加拉帕戈斯群岛知名景观”达尔文拱门”已坍塌。
34、 一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅 读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关 键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、 看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而 主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章 进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章 进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、
35、逻 辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思， 通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表 面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它 不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。1215,【答案】B、C、D、C【解析 1
36、（1）代词指代题。根据第三段前文 Teachers play a critical role in recognizing the signs of disorders and learning difficulties in pupils and referring them to specialists （教师在识别学生的障碍和 学习困难迹象并将其转介给专家方面发挥着关键作用）可知，them指的是这里的老师。故选B项。（2）细节理解题。根据第四段 Half of the trainees received the expert solution11, typical of the mate
37、rial given to trainee teachers,while the other half received Ai-generated feedback on their approach,highlighting where they could improve.（一半的受训者收到了“专家解决方案”，这是发给实习教师 的典型材料，而另一半则收到了人工智能生成的关于他们方法的反馈，强调了他们可以改进的地 方）可知，人工智能在研究中帮助实习教师了解他们的方法需要改进的地方。故选C项。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段 We are not arguing that AI should r
38、eplace teacher-educators： new teachers still need expert guidance on how to recognize learning difficulties in the first place, said Dr Michael Sailer. nIt does seem, however,that Ai-generated feedback helped these trainees to focus on what they really needed to learn.When pers onal feedback is not
39、readily available, it could be an effective substitute （代替物）.（Michael Sailer 博士说：“我们并不是说人工智能应该取代教师教育者：新教师在如何首先认识到学习困难方面仍 然需要专家指导。”然而，人工智能生成的反馈似乎确实帮助这些受训者专注于他们真正需要学 习的东西。当个人反馈不易获得时，它可能是一种有效的替代品。”）可知，人工智能对于老师来 说是一个有用的教学培训辅助。故选D项。（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Artificial intelligence helps teachers identify which of th
40、eir students have learning difficulties, according to a new study.（根据一项新的研究，人工智能可以帮助教师识别哪些学生有学习困难） 以及全文大意，文章主要讲人工智能可以让老师对学生的学习困难等问题有更好的了解，C. AI helps teachers spot students with learning difficulties人工智能帮助教师发现有学习困难的学生 ”符合文意。故选C项。这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能可以帮助老师对学生的学习困难等问题有更好的了解。 一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和
41、理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅 读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关 键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、 看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而 主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章 进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章 进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻 辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把
42、意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思， 通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表 面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它 不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要 学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。1620.【答案】E、B、G、C、A【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文 People who kn
43、ow how to practice patience enjoy fewer negative emotions, feel less depressed, and are more satisfied with their lives.（知道如何练习耐心的人很少享 受负面情绪，很少感到沮丧，对他们的生活更满意。）可知，此处是讲述耐心的好处，E. Further, patient people may also benefit from a range of health advantages,such as better sle叩and fewer headaches.（此外，有耐心的人也
44、可能受益于一系列的健康优势，如更 好的睡眠和更少的头痛。）符合语境。故选E。（2）细节理解题。上文 Playing sports that encourage waiting can be particularly helpful for building life hardshippatience.（从事鼓励等待的运动尤其有助于培养对生活困难的耐心。）提到可以做一些运 动来培养耐心， 结合下文 Hunting is another activity many people enjoy, and this sport definitely requires perseverance.（打猎是许
45、多人喜欢的另一项活动，这项运动当然需要毅力。）可知，空处 应是具体提及一些能够培养耐心的运动，B. Fishing, golf,and baseball are fun sports that require patience.（钓鱼、高尔夫球和棒球都是需要耐心的有趣运动。） 符合语境。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据本段小标题Keep a Journal （写日记）,及下文You could use creative writing or calendar journaling to help boost your patience.（你可以使用创意写作或日历日记账来帮助提高你 的耐心。）可知
46、，本段是建议通过写日记来培养耐心,G.Writing forces us to slow down our thoughts, and thatk why journaling is useful.（写作迫使我们放慢思考的速度，这就是为什么写日记很有用。） 解释写日记能够培养耐心的原因，符合语境，故选G。（4）段落标题题。空处是段落小标题，根据本段中Having a trusted friend, partner, family member, or coworker we can turn to when our impatience gets the best of us can help
47、 us feel better.（有一个值得 信赖的朋友、伴侣、家人或同事，当我们不耐烦的时候可以求助，可以帮助我们感觉更好。）本 段主要是关于寻求家人、朋友的支持，C. Seek Out Support （寻求支持），符合语境。故选C。（5） 联系上文题。根据上文 Sometimes, feeling like youre always in a hurry and impatient means you need a break.Hurry sickness is a non-life-threatening condition people can develop when they g
48、o non-stop.（有时候，感觉自己总是匆匆忙忙、没有耐心，意味着你需要休息一下。匆忙症是一种不会危及 生命的疾病，人们会在不停地忙碌时患上这种疾病。）可知，如果患上匆忙症就需要休息一下， A. If you dont take a break when you need one, hurry sickness could develop into burn out.（如果你 在需要休息的时候不休息，匆忙症就会发展成精疲力竭。）描述如果不休息的后果，符合语境。 故选Ao这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了几个培养耐心的建议。关于选句填空的做题步骤：步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合
49、放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置： 标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项。21 35.【答案】D、C、A、B、B、C、D、A、A、C、B、D、B、C、A【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.equipping配备；B.exchanging交换;C.witnessing目击;.exploring探索。句意：但在去年4月沿着一条新路探索后，这位45岁的机械师迷路了。根据上 文Compean was no stranger