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1、湖南师大附中2023届高三月考试卷（二）英语本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟。满分150 分。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15 B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1 .
2、【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What month is it now?A. January.B. February.C. March.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: When does your next term start in Canada?M: In March. Do you start in March as well?W: No, in my country we start one month earlier than Canada.M: Its next month then!2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What do we know about the
3、 boy?A. He prefers eating cold food.B. He ate something else in advance.C. He doesnt like his moms cooking.【答案】B【解析】D项。cenvironment.You, when you had to drive to a movie theater of to to a video store to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact om the environm
4、ent.You were hopping into your war, driving across town and coughing out emissions （排放）and using gas all the way.welcome.Motheree used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a little cocky. After all,were just picking up our phones or maybe turning on the TV. Youre welcome.Mother Natu
5、re.Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shit Project. Watching a half-hour show would lead to 3.5 pounds of CO2 emissions. Thafs like driving 3.9 miles. According to nClimate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video,H digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse
6、gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Stored in data centers, videos are transferred to our terminals such as computers, smart phones, etc. via networks: all these processes require electricity whose production consumes resources and usually involves CO2 emissions.In the Eur
7、opean Union, the Eureca project lead scientist, Rabih Bashroush, calculated that 5 billion downloads and streams of the song Despacito consumed as much electricity as the countries of Chad, Guinea-Bissau, Somalia, Sierra Leone and the Central African Republic used in a single year.Streaming is only
8、expected to increase as we become more attached to our devices. Online video use is expected to account for 80%of all internet traffic by 2022 according to CISCO. By then, about 60% of the worlds population will be online.Youre probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there are thi
9、ngs you con do to help lessen the impact of your online use.Here are some tips:Disable autoplay for video on social media.Stream over Wi-Fi, not mobile networks.X Watch on the smallest screen you can.XDont use high-definition （高清）video on devices.28. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that people t
10、hink, A. they should welcome Mother Naturewatching movies at home is more funB. it is inconvenient to drive to a movie theaterstreaming at home avoids possible emissions29. We may learn from the text that.A. 3.9 miles may produce 3.5 pounds of CO2digital technologies account for 4% of electricity us
11、eB. Online video use makes up 80% of all internet traffic60% of the worlds population watch videos online30. Why are the five countries mentioned in paragraph 4?A. To praise their energy-efficient practice.B. To prove the poverty of the five countriesTo stress the popularity of the song “Despacito”C
12、. To show the high energy use of downloads and streamsHow can people help to save energy when streaming?A. Use high-definition videos.B. Turn off video autoplayC. Stream over mobile networks.D. Watch movies on bigger screens.【答案】28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。以前，我们开车去看电影或购物，会排放二氧化碳，消费自然资源。而现在
13、我们 习惯了在家里看流媒体电影，避免了排放二氧化碳。但是看自媒体会消耗能源，排放二氧化碳。有报告说, 下载和流媒体的能耗非常高。文章提供了如何在使用流媒体时尽可能地减少在线时间节约能源的方法。【28题详解】推理判断题。第一段 environment.drivingyou had to drive to a movie theater or to a video store to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact om the environment.driving a
14、cross town and coughing out emissions （排放）and using gas all the way.中提出：以前我们开车去看电影或买东西时很 容易对环境造成影响，不仅增加排放，还消费自然资源。第二段承接上文说“But now that we，,You to staying at home and streaming movies,.YouJ re welcome. Mother Nature v而现在人们习惯在家里利用流媒 体上看电影，也就不用开车去外面，就避免了排放。分析选项可知，家庭流媒体避免了可能的气体排放。 故选Do29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段
15、 “Watching a half-hour show would lead to 3.5 pounds of CO2 emissions. That，.ike driving 3.9 miles. . digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions,v看半小时的节 目 要排放3.5磅的二氧化碳。这相当于开车3.9英里排放。数字技术造成了 4%的温室气体排放。可知A项（3.9英里可能会产生3.5磅的二氧化碳）是正确。而B项（数字技术占用电量的4%）是错误的。倒数第 二段 u Online video
16、 use is expected to account for 80%of all internet traffic by 2022 according to CISCO. By then, about 60% of the worlds population will be online.”到2022年，在线视频的使用预计将占所有互联网流量的 80%o届时，全球约60%的人口会上网。可知，C和D项的内容是在2022年才会发生，把未做当成已发 生的。故C和D是错误的。故A是正确。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段提及这五个国家的前面内容“In the European Union, the
17、Eureca project lead scientist, Rabih Bashroush, calculated that 5 billion downloads and streams of the song nDespaciton consumed as much electricity as the countries of Chad, Guinea-Bissau, Somalia, Sierra Leone and the Central African Republic used in a single year.在欧盟，欧洲经委会项目首席科学家拉比巴什鲁什计算出，Despaci
18、to歌曲的50亿次 下载和流媒体消耗的电力相当于乍得、几内亚比绍、索马里、塞拉利昂和中非共和国等国一年使用的电力。 由此推断出的这五个国家是来说明下载和流媒体的能耗非常高。故选Do【31题详解】细节理解题。倒数第二段提出“Youre probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there are things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use. ”你可能不会放弃流媒体服务,但你可以做一些事情 来帮助减少在线造成的影响。接着提出四点节省能源的忠告
19、“Here are some tips: Disable auto play for video on social media.； Stream over Wi-Fi, not mobile networks； Watch on the smallest screen you can； Don t use high-definition video on devices.v可知，所给的四点节能的忠告为：在社交媒体上禁用视频自动播放功能； 通过Wi-Fi传输，而不是移动网络；尽量用最小的屏幕观看；不要使用高清视频设备。由此可知B项（关 闭自动播放功能）符合节省能源的第2点的要求（在社交媒体上禁
20、用视频自动播放功能）。可知B项符合 题意，故选B。DLearning is so complex that there are many different psychological theories to explain how people learn. A psychologist named Albert Bandura suggested a social learning theory which shows that observation, imitation, and modeling play a primary role in this process.In Alber
21、t Banduras opinion, people can learn through observation. Observational learning doesnt even necessarily require watching another person join in an activity. We can also learn by reading, hearing, or watching the actions of characters in books and films. However, just observing someone elses actions
22、 isnt always enough for learning. Your own mental state also plays an important role in determining whether a behavior is learned or not. In addition, though in many cases, learning can be seen immediately when the new behavior is displayed, yet sometimes we can learn things even though that learnin
23、g might not be immediately obvious, which means people can learn new information without showing new behaviors.Not at observed behaviors are effectively learned. Certain requirements need to be related to the observational learning process. For example, you need to be paying attention. Also your mem
24、ory is an important part of observational learning as you need to pull up information later and act on it during the process. Once youve paid attention to the model and kept the information, its time to actually perform the behavior you observed. Further practice of the learned behavior leads to imp
25、rovement. Finally, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.Social learning theory have many real-world applications. For example, researchers employ it to look into and understand ways that positive role models can be used to encourage desirable behaviors. Besides, its
26、 also applied in the field of education, and today, both teachers and parents recognize how important it is to model appropriate behaviors.31. What can we infer about observational learning from paragraph 2?A. Its effects on a person tend to be very obvious.B. Its effectiveness is determined by the
27、mental stale.C. It doesnt necessarily lead to a change in behavior.D. Its most useful means might be watching and learning.32. What does the underlined word it in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Model.B. Information.C. Memory.D. Observational learning.33. What might NOT be required when performing observati
28、onal learning?A. Trying to be focused.B. Trying to be imaginative.C. Looking for a motivator.D. Editing and storing information.34. What can we learn about the social learning theory according to the text?A. It is of practical use.B. It remains to be improved.C. It was effective at first.D. It is ea
29、sily and widely applied.【答案】32.C33. B 34. B 35. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，学习是如此复杂，以至于有许多不同的心理学理论来解释人们如何学习。本 文介绍了心理学家Albert Bandura提出的社会学习理论。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 “However, just observing someone elses actions isnt always enough for learning. Your own mental state also plays an important role in determining wh
30、ether a behavior is learned or not.（然而，仅 仅观察别人的行为并不总是足以导致学习。你自己的心理状态在决定一种行为是否被学习方面也起着重要 作用）”可以推测出，观察学习并不一定会导致行为的改变。故选C。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词所在句句意“as you need to pull up information later and act on it during the process（因为你需要稍后提取信息并在过程中据此采取行动）”可推测出，it指代前面的informationo故选B。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“For exa
31、mple, you need to be paying attention.（例如，你需要集中注意力）”、“Once youve paid attention to the model and kept the information, its time to actually perform the behavior you observed.（一旦您注意到模型并保存了信息，就该实际执行您观察到的行为了）以及Finally, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.（最后,你必须有动力去模仿
32、被模仿的行为）”可知，在 进行观察学习时，需要集中注意力，编辑并储存信息以及寻找一个动机，B项“试着富有想象力”未提及, 故选Bo【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的uSocial learning theory can have many real-world applications.（社会学习理论可以在现实世界里有许多应用）”可知，社会学习理论具有实际用途。故选A。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Its more than 384,000km from Earth. We ca
33、n see it most nights. And its not made of cheese! I am, of course, talking about the Moon. Astronauts have taken giant steps to explore this natural satellite floating in space, but despite it being out of reach for most of us, 36.The Moon, obviously, provides moonlight. A full moon, seen roughly on
34、ce a month, can light up our way on an otherwise dark night. But while this lunar light can be impressive to look at, 37. One study showed thatduring or around the full moon, those studied spent less time in deep sleep, slept for less time and reported having poorer sleep, despite sleeping in a dark
35、 room not exposed to moonlight.38. One study suggested animals are more likely to bite us during a full moon. And many moons ago,it was thought the Moon induced lunacy the word derives from the Latin word Munaticus meaning moonstruck and evolved from the idea that celestial changes could cause perio
36、ds of insanity. 39 They will avoid a fullmoon at all costs because, although the added moisture in the soil at this time may give a fuller and juicier grape, the additional water is thought to dilute the taste of the fruit, which results in a less successful vintage.The Moon might affect our behavio
37、ur too. Writing about this for BBC Future, Claudia Hammond explains one interesting theory. Just as the Moons gravitational pull affects the tides, it exerts its influence on the water in our bodies. But she points out “the Moon is smaller than the Earth, so its gravitational pull is correspondingly
38、 lesspowerful. Whats more, it exerts the same force on us regardless of whether its new or fiilL 40. So, likethe Moon being made of cheese, we must be careful what we believe!A. it can affect our sleeping patternsit still moves us in mysterious waysB. great achievements have been made by usThere are
39、 many theories about how the Moon can affect other things tooC. Even winemakers look to the Moon when planting and pruning grapevinesResearch into ancient myths about the effects of the lunar cycle on us is ongoingD. Scientists attach great significance to space exploration about the lunar cycle on
40、us【答案】36.B37. A 38. D 39. E 40. F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。月球是地球唯一的天然卫星。月有阴晴圆缺，不论我们肉眼是否看得见，月 亮每晚都在天空升起。月亮能控制地球上的潮汐，但它也能影响生活在地球上的人类吗？文章对此进行了 介绍。【36题详解】根据上文 u Astronauts have taken giant steps to explore this natural satellite floating in space, but despite it being out of reach for most of us,（宇航员们已经迈出了巨大的步伐来
41、探索这颗漂浮在太空中的天然卫星，尽管它对 我们大多数人来说遥不可及）”可知，B. it still moves us in mysterious ways（它仍然以神秘的方式推动着我们。） 能够与上文形成让步关系，承接自然，且总领后文。故选B。【37题详解】根据下文 “ One study showed that during or around the full moon, those studied spent less time in deep sleep, slept for less time and reported having poorer sleep, despite sle
42、eping in a dark room not exposed to moonlight.（一项研 究表明，在满月期间或前后，研究对象深度睡眠的时间更少，睡眠时间更短，睡眠质量也更差，尽管他们 睡在没有月光的黑房间里）”可知，此处应与睡眠相关。由此可知，A. it can affect our sleeping patterns（它会 影响我们的睡眠模式）符合语境，承接上文但是，虽然这种月球的光可以令人印象深刻，但是会影响我们的 睡眠。故选A。【38题详解】不艮据下文 “One study suggested animals are more likely to bite us during
43、 a full moon. And many moons ago, it was thought the Moon induced lunacy the word derives from the Latin word Clunaticus meaning moonstruck, and evolved from the idea that celestial changes could cause periods of insanity.(一项研究表明，在满月期间，动物更有可能咬我们。很久以前，人们就认为月亮会导致精神错乱一一这个词来源于拉丁语“kmaticus”，意思 是“被月亮迷住了，从
44、天体变化会导致精神错乱的想法演变而来）”可知，本段从其他方面分析月球的影 响。由此可知，D. There are many theories about how the Moon can affect other things too（有很多关于月球如 何影响其他事物的理论）符合语境，适合作主题句。故选D。【39题详解】 根据下文 “ They will avoid a full moon at all costs because, although the added moisture in the soil at this time may give a fuller and juicie
45、r grape, the additional water is thought to dilute the taste of the fruit, which results in a less successful vintage.（他们会不惜一切代价避免满月，因为尽管此时土壤中增加的水分可能会让葡萄更饱满、 更多汁，但额外的水分被认为会稀释水果的味道，从而导致不太成功的年份）”可知，此处应与酿制葡萄酒 有关。由止匕可知，E. Even winemakers look to the Moon when planting and pruning grapevines（就连酿酒师在种 植和修剪
46、葡萄时也会留意月亮）符合语境。故选E。【40题详解】 根据上文 “ But she points out “the Moon is smaller than the Earth, so its gravitational pull is correspondingly less powerful. Whats more, it exerts the same force on us regardless of whether its new or fblL”（但她指出：“月球 比地球小，所以它的引力相应较弱J更重要的是，它对我们施加了同样的力量，不管它是新的还是完整 的。“）”讲述月亮对人们的
47、影响，由此可知，F. Research into ancient myths about the effects of the lunar cycle on us is ongoing（关于月球周期对人类影响的古代神话的研究正在进行中）衔接下文，符合语境。 the effects of the lunar cycle on us” 呼应上文的 it exerts the same force on us,o 故选 F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Susan
48、knows the 41of a good doll. Dolls have a power we dont 42 understand/9 she said. Its a(n) 43 she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients44 their changing medical situations. Many of the kids saw themselves in those dolls. But for the kids45 a leg or who had lost their hair, there were none they could relate to.So, seven years ago, when a friend 46 that her child had been disabled because of a car accident, Susan, now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially 47 period. Susan went about changing that. She crafted a doll by hand that