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1、Uint7IL Basic Listening Practice1.ScriptM:Now we have satellite and high-powered microscope,its easy to think we knoweverything about the world;but we still dont understand EI Nino.W:Right.Scientists all over the world over are even uncertain about the cause of thewarm Pacific current that brings st
2、orms or drought-the mysterious EI Nino.Q:Which of the following is true according to the conversation?2.ScriptM:Everyone is talking about environmental problem:acid rain,the greenhouse effect,holes in the ozone layer.We should think positively.What can we do to improvethings?W:I agree.We could do a
3、lot more to harness the suns energy for heating andlighting in our homes.In Japan 43,000 solar roofs were installed in 2002.Q:How do the man and the woman view the environment?3.ScriptW:We lived in Beijing some years ago.It was always difficult to keep the houseclean with wind from the north blowing
4、 sand from the desert at us.M:Thats why the Chinese government has been encouraging people to plant treesalong the edges of the Gobi Desert.Now those trees act as wind barriers.Q:What did the government encourage people to do?4.ScriptM:Many old refrigerators and cars are environmental hazards becaus
5、e they containCFCs that destroy the ozone layer.W:Yes,but government or organizations are helping people to safely dispose of oldrefrigerators or,in the case of cars,to upgrade their air conditioning.Q:What are government departments helping people to do?5.ScriptM:Hey,thats an aerosol spray youre us
6、ing on your hair!Build a bomb or set fire tothe apartment to kill us quickly instead of making holes in the ozone,so we die ofcancer.W:Cool it,man.This spray doesnt contain CFC s.And youd better read a littlemore.In 2003 the hole in the ozone layer shrank by 20 percent,so theres noreason to panic.Q:
7、What does the man mean?Keys:1.B2.D3.A4.A5,CIII.Listening InTask 1:We should have proper respect for nature!ScriptMartha:Do you think most people in your culture respect nature?Ed:I think so.Umm.more now than before.Martha:What do you think is the most serious environment problem in the worldtoday?Ed
8、:Today.I think damage to the ozone layer is a big problem;and anotherproblem is pollution in big cities and things like that.Martha:How do you learn about environmental problems?Ed:Umm.through school.A lot of clubs promote environmental safely,andsome TV programs,too.They talk about environmental sa
9、fely and stufflike that.Martha:Do you think students should learn more about the environment at school?Ed:I think so.So,as they grow older,they can be more aware of all theproblems that are going on.And also to prevent more problems fromoccurring.Martha:If you could create a new law to help the envi
10、ronment,what would it be?Ed:A new law for the environment?Umm.rd probably say that whenpeople throw away their cigarette butts,they have to throw them into thegarbage bin,not just throw them everywhere because ifs just littering andI hate that.So they should be fined if they throw them on the floor
11、on theground.Martha:Thats a good idea.What do you personally do to help protect theenvironment?Ed:r m so against littering.I never litter.If I see somebody litter,I get reallyangry.So I always throw my trash into the garbage bin.While being interviewed by Martha,Ed said more people in his culture re
12、specl natureever before.When asked about the most serious environmental problem in the worldtoday,he mentioned the damaged ozone layer and the pollution in big cities.Ed learned about environmental problem at school.A lot of clubs and some TVprograms promote environmental safely.He believes that stu
13、dents should learn moreabout the environment at school.Then they can be more aware of all the problems andprevent more problems from occurring.When asked about a new law he would like to create to help the environment,he saidthat when people throw away their cigarette butts,they have to throw them i
14、n thegarbage bin.They should be fined if they throw them on the floor.Personally,Ed is so set against littering that he never litters.He always throws histrash into the garbage bin.Task 2:A Work QualiHcation TestScriptAccording to a report by Australian researchers,the hole in the ozone layer overAn
15、tarctica will probably start closing within five years.They say it may becompletely closed within fifty years.The ozone layer protects the Earth fromdangerous radiation from the sun.The hole in the ozone layer was discovered overAntarctica almost thirty years ago.At the time,it was three times the s
16、ize of Australia.The report found that ozone-destroying gases in the upper atmosphere were at or neartheir highest levels in the year2000.But since then,there has bee continuous progressmade toward the recovery of the ozone layer.Satellite information showed that levels of ozone-destroying gases in
17、the atmosphereare slowly decreasing.At its largest this year,the ozone hole covered more than 15million square kilometers.That is down from a yearly average of 23 million squarekilometers over the last six years.Chlorofluorocarbons,or CFCs,are responsible for destroying part of the ozone layerover A
18、ntarctica.CFCs have been widely used since thel93Os in cooling devices suchas refrigerators and air conditioners.CFCs remain in the atmosphere for years.Government scientist say the level of chlorine in the atmosphere is decreasing becauseof restrictions on the use of chiorofluorocarbons.The chemica
19、ls were restricted underan international agreement called the Montreal Protocol in 1987.Under the Protocol,developing countries promoted to cut their use of chlorofluorocarbons in half by theyear 2005.They also agreed to an eighty-five percent cut by the year 2oo7.Keys:FTTFTFor Reference1.It was thr
20、ee times the size of Australia.2.They promised to cut their use of CFCs in the half by 2005 and agreed to an 85percent cut by 2007.Task3:A Mild EI NinoScriptThe EI Nino weather condition has returned.However,official at the United StatesNational Weather Service say EI Nino is weaker than usual this
21、year.EI Nino is achange in the atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean.It happens every four or five years.Normally,water temperatures in the western Pacific Ocean increase near the end ofthe year.This cause more rainfall in Indonesia,Australia and other nearby place.Atthe same time,cold ocean water cause
22、 less rainfall in the eastern Pacific Ocean,nearSouth America.The opposite happens during EI Nino.Pacific Ocean temperaturesincrease near South America,causing unusually high amounts of rainfall there.Incontrast,EI Nino causes dry weather in Indonesia and Australia.A strong EI Nino can severely affe
23、ct the weather all over the world.The last powerfulEI Nino was in 1997 and 1998.It caused major floods in many places.EI Nino alsoled to extremely dry weather in some other areas.Reports say the weather caused thedeaths of about 24,000 people.So experts say having a weaker EI Nino this year is good
24、news.Meteorologists sayrainfall has been higher than usual in South America.The experts say the effects of EINino will begin to show in November in the United States.The northern states mayhave a warmer winter.But,scientists say EI Nino will not be strong enough to preventthis years powerful storms
25、in the Atlantic Ocean.1.According to the passage,how often does EI Nino happen?2.What normally happens in the western Pacific Ocean?3.What did the EI Nino in 1997 and 1998 cause?4.What is NOT mentioned as a result of this years EI Nino?5.What is the central idea of the passage?Kes:1C2.A3.D4.B5.CFor
26、ReferencePacific Ocean temperatures increase near South America,causing unusually highlevel of rainfall there.Dry weather results in Australia.IV.Speaking OutMODEL 1 Our globe is in dangerJohn:How is your Grandma getting along during this usually hot weather?Nora:Over the last few years,Granny has b
27、een complaining that the hot,humidweather is killing her.She believes the weather has changed.John:What she means is the climates long-term conditions;weather refers only today-to-day conditions.Nora:Yeah,she says summer is hotter,and winter wetter.But I tried to comfort her,saying,Its all in your m
28、ind,Granny.”John:Shes right,you know.The greenhouse effect does bring global wanning andrain.Nora:How can I explain global warming and greenhouse gases to a 97 year oldGranny?John:Tell her the earth now is like a real greenhouse made of glass panels that let inlight and trap heat.Nora:Think shell wa
29、nt to know that carbon monoxide from earth makes greenhousegases?John:Everybody should know what cause global warming;otherwise we wont stopit.Nora:Fil tell Granny not to burn any more wood or coal,or to use spray on the hair.John:OK,joke about it,but it wont be so funny when the polar icecaps melt
30、andoceans rise.Now Your TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA:How are you getting along during this usually hot weather?B:Not well at all.Over the last few weeks the hot,humid weather is killing me.Ibelieve the climate has changed.A:Yeah,the summer is hotter,and winter wette匚 B:Do you know why all this has happened?A:
31、The greenhouse effects bring global warming and rain.B:What do you mean by greenhouse effects?A:The earth is now like a real greenhouse made of glass panels that let light in andtrap heat.You know,carbon monoxide from earth is a greenhouse gas.B:I see.Everybody should know what cause global warming;
32、otherwise we wontstop it.A:The important thing is that human beings should take steps to reduce globalwarming.B:What can we do then?Perhaps we should not bum any more wood or coal.A:Right.Also we should try to produce less CFCs or Freon.B:How can we achieve that?A:Dont use aerosol spray on your hair
33、,and depend less on air-conditioners andrefrigerators.B:But its hard to give up all this.A:But we must take action before polar icecaps melt and oceans rise.MODEL2 Rainforests will soon be only a memory.ScriptSusan:Hey,Chris,there is an environmental group on campus asking for donationsto save the r
34、ainforests.Chris:So what?Susan:So what?!Dont you want to save the rainforests?Chris:But there9re no rainforests in our country.They need hot,tropical climates.Susan:Come on.A rain forest is any forest where heavy rainfall leads to densevegetation.Tropical rainforests can be found in hoe,tropical are
35、as,but thereare also cool rainforests,including one in southeast Alaska.Chris:How did you know that?Susan:Well,Fve just read a book on rainforests.You know,140nillion people live inthe worlds rainforests,and 35 percent of the worlds plant and animal speciesexist only in rainforests.Chris:Wow,Im impr
36、essed.So what else have you learned?Susan:Most of the worlds rainforests are in danger of destruction by loggers,fanners and developers.They are disappearing at a rate of 1000 acres aminute!Chris:Its terrible!Susan:Yeah,weve got to find a way to save them.Now would you like to give adonation?Chris:S
37、ure.Now Your TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA:Most of the worlds rainforests are in danger of destruction by loggers,farmers anddevelopers.They are disappearing at a rate of 100 acres a minute!B:What a tragedy!,Many of the worlds plant and animal species exist only inrainforests.A:We really need to save the beaut
38、iful forests.B:Yeah,weve got to find a way to save them.A:Do you know our mayor is making a call to plant trees?B:Yeah,we do have to plant more trees.I hear China doesnt have a lot of forestscompared with many countries.A:Thats true.Ive just read an article about afforestation.Chinas forest coverage
39、rate was 18.21 percent last yea,ranking only 130th 也 由 world.B:No wonder we have to plat more trees.A:Dont lose heart.Progress has been remarkable.In 2000 the rate was just 16.55percent.B:Any other good news?A:China has stepped up its tree-planting efforts.Now its the worlds No.l planter oftrees.B:W
40、ow,Im impressed.MODEL3 What a terrible sandstorm!ScriptSusan:Hey,John.Youre back.A few days ago,a big sandstorm hit our cityJohn:Oh,thats bad.Susan:The air was full of dirt and sand and dust.I had to wear a scarf around myhead.John:The dust,as I know,comes from Mongolia.And from my reading in scienc
41、e,Fve heard the dust often comes after a long period of drought.Susan:This is a serious problem in many parts of the world,and unfortunately ourcity is one of them.John:And if the drought continues,the soil is easily airborne.And then if the windcomes,the soil can be lifted up on the cold are that r
42、ises up,and it can travelvery long distances.Susan:Normally,when theres a wind,it can clear the air,and you have beautifulweather.But when the dust is brought in with the wind,then you cantbreathe,you cant see well,and its dangerous for driving,or for walking.John:Yeah.You know,when the dust is lift
43、ed up it can go as high 3,000 meters.Andits not just China that has problems,but many other counlries.For example,themiddle of Australia sometimes has dust storms,and some of the dust goes upvery high,goes across the ocean,and falls down on New Zealand.Susan:Not a very nice neighbor.John:Is there a
44、solution to the problem?Susan:We need to plant more trees acd grass so that the soil can stay where it is.John:No wonder the government is launching a new afforestation program in a bid taddress the environmental problem.Now Your TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA:Im so glad to be back home,again.Oh,what a clear bl
45、ue sky!B:Yes,the wind has cleared the air.I hope you still remember the situation a coupleof years age;that is,when you were here.Each spring a big sandstorm struck our city.A:Oh,that was bad.That air was filled with sand and dust.I had to wear a scarfaround my head.B:I had to cover my mouth and nos
46、e with a handkerchief.And facial makes sold well.The dust came from the north,and it often rose after a long dry spell.A:If the drought continued,the soil was easily airborne.And when the wind came,the soil was swept up on the cold air,and it could travel very long distances.B:When the dust was brou
47、ght in with the wind,we could hardly breathe,we couldntsee well,and it was dangerous fbr driving.A:How did your town solve the problem?B:Not only our town.In fact,people in the whole province planted a lot of trees andgrass so that the soil would stay where it is.A:I see.The government launched an a
48、fforestation project to deal with the sandstorm.The green shelter belt is playing a role.V.L efs TalkScriptLi:Hi Professor Wang,Im Li Lin,a correspondent from the UniversityNewspaper.The staff and students here are getting more and more interested inthe relationship between the environment and devel
49、opment.What do you thinkis the most serious environmental problem at present?What measures shouldwe adopt to improve the environment and develop the economy at the sametime?Wang:There are many environmental problems:air pollution,water pollution,desertification,over-fishing,destruction of natural ha
50、bitats,acid train,over-consumption of wild animals and plants,etc.But lying at the center of allthose problems,as I see it,is the contradiction between economic growth andthe environment.Since the United Nations Earth Summit in 1992,more and more people andgovernments have adopted a new idea;that is