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1、精品资料 欢迎下载 一、现在完成时的用法:1.过去某时发生的动作到目前为止这个动作已经完成或刚刚完成。如：1）I have finished my homework.我做完家庭作业了。（过去某时开始做，到现在已完成）2）He has already come 他已经来了。（过去某时开始离开某地到这来，现在已在这。）2.表示动作发生在过去并延续到现在。如：1）I have studied English for six years.我已经学了六年英语了。（六年前开始学英语，一直学到现在,也可能继续学也可能就此不学了。）2）I have lived in Shenyang since 1990.我
2、从 1990 年就在沈阳住。（从 1990 年开始住在沈阳一直住到现在，也可能继续住也可能就此为止。）二、现在完成时的结构 1）肯定式：主语+have/has+过去分词 2）否定式:主语+have/has+not+过去分词 3）一般疑问式 Have/Has+主语+过去分词 4）特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词 三、现在完成时的时间状语 现在完成时常用的时间状语包括 “now,today,tonight,this week,this year;already,yet,just,Recently etc”。例如：I have had a dog now.我现在有一个小狗了
3、We have learned about 3000English words by the end of this term.到上学期末我们已经学了 3000 个英语单词。I havent heared from him recently.最近我没收到他的信.。注意 1)当表示一段时间，现在完成时可以用 for 或 since 引导的状语。例如：Ive known Li Li for 4 years.我认识丽丽已经 4 年了。I have worked here since 8 years ago.自从 8 年前我就在这工作。注意 2)当在肯定陈述句中含有 already或 just 时，在
4、转换成否定句时，要把句中的already 或just 去掉，在句末加上 yet.。例如：I have already seen the film.-I havent seen the film yet.He has just come.He hasnt come yet?四、使用时注意事项 1.“have/has got”形式上是一种完成时，但和 have/has 为同一意思“有”。例如：Have you got pen-friends?Yes,I have.你有笔友吗？是的，我有。Has he got a lot of work to do?No,he hasnt.他有许多工作要做吗？不，他
5、没有。2.have/has gone to、have/has been to 和 have/has been in的区别。have/has gone to 去了，在去某地的路上或在某地，人还未回来 have/has been to 曾经去过，人已经回来了 have/has been in 已经在，常与一段时间连用 精品资料 欢迎下载 He has been to Shenyang before.他以前曾去过沈阳。He has been in Shenyang for ten years.他在沈阳 10 年了。Has he gone to Shenyang?他去沈阳了吗？3.have/has b
6、een to常和 once,twice,never,ever连用；have/has gone to则不可。例如:Has Tom ever been to Paris?汤姆去过巴黎吗？Yes,hes been there several times.是的，他去过好几次了。Where have they gone?他们去哪里了？Theyve gone to Shenyang.他们去沈阳了。4 非延续性动词(或称作终止性动词)不能用“现在完成时+表示一段时间的状语”的句型中。这类动词有：come,go,start,leave,die,buy,finish,join,borrow,stop等。但它们能
7、够用表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词。例如：arrive,come be here,be in buy have begin,start be on；get to know know die be dead get up be up fall asleep be asleep leave,move be away；be out of finish,end be over go out be out join be in borrowkeep finish/end be over open be open close be closed join be a member of
8、延续到现在如我已经学了六年英语了六年前开始学英语一直学到现在也主语过去分词一般疑问式主语过去分词特殊疑问式特殊疑问词主语过去段时间现在完成时可以用或引导的状语例如我认识丽丽已经年了自从年精品资料 欢迎下载 练习 1.Kates never seen Chinese films，_?A.hasnt she B.has she C.isnt she D.is she 2.-Ann has gone to Shanghai.-So _her parents.A.has B.had C.did D.have 3.-Mum,may I go out and play basketball?_you_ y
9、our homework yet?A.Do；finish B.Are；finishing C.Did；finish D.Have；finished 4.-_ you _anywhere before?-Yes,but I cant remember where I_ A.Did；surf；surfed B.Have；surfed；surfed C.Did；surf；have surfed D.Have；surfed；have surfed 5.His brother has been to Stone Forest twice_he came to Yunnan.A.after B.befor
10、e C.since D.for 6.Tom_the CD player for two weeks.has lent B.has borrowed C.has bought D.has had 7.I_a letter from him since he left.A.didnt receive B.havent got C.didnt have D.havent heard 8.-Have you ever_Beijing to see the Forbidden City?-Yes,I have.A.went to B.gone to C.been in D.been to 9.My pa
11、rents _ Shangdong for ten years.A.have been in B.have been to C.have gone to D.have been 10.I wont go to the concert because I _my ticket.A.lost B.dont lose C.have lost D.is coming 11.Where is Mr Liu?-He_ the library.A.has been to B.has gone to C.has been in D.has went 12.The cleaners have cleaned t
12、he streets,_?A.so they B.dont they C.have they D.havent they 13.I like Beijing.I_ there three times.A.went B.go C.have been D.have gone 14.We came to Shanghai three years ago,so we_here for two years.A.have been to B.have been in C.have been D.have gone 15.-How long_you _your exam paper?-About three
13、 months.A.did；buy B.have；get C.have；had D.have；bought 16.He tells me he _China for over eight years.A.has been B.has been in C.has been to D.has gone to 17._has Mr.Brown been a member of the party since he_to China?延续到现在如我已经学了六年英语了六年前开始学英语一直学到现在也主语过去分词一般疑问式主语过去分词特殊疑问式特殊疑问词主语过去段时间现在完成时可以用或引导的状语例如我认识丽
14、丽已经年了自从年精品资料 欢迎下载 A.How soon；comes B.How often；got C.How long；came D.How far；arrived 18.His parents_ for more than 3 years.A.have come here B.have started to work C.have lived there D.have left the university 延续到现在如我已经学了六年英语了六年前开始学英语一直学到现在也主语过去分词一般疑问式主语过去分词特殊疑问式特殊疑问词主语过去段时间现在完成时可以用或引导的状语例如我认识丽丽已经年了自从年精品资料 欢迎下载 答案：1.B 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.D 13.C 14.C 15 C 16.B 17.C 18.C 延续到现在如我已经学了六年英语了六年前开始学英语一直学到现在也主语过去分词一般疑问式主语过去分词特殊疑问式特殊疑问词主语过去段时间现在完成时可以用或引导的状语例如我认识丽丽已经年了自从年