《2023年完整虚拟语气用法表格全面汇总归纳图.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年完整虚拟语气用法表格全面汇总归纳图.pdf（8页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、精品资料 欢迎下载 第四章 虚拟语气 （一）状语从句中的虚拟语气 虚拟语气在 if 引导的条件句中的用法三点：从句（条件）主句（目的）表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 If+主语+动词的过去式（be 用 were）If I had time,I would attend the meeting.主语+would(should could might)+动词原型 表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句 If+主语+had+动词的过去分词 If he had hurried,he could have caught the train.主语+would（should could might）+have+动词的
2、过去分词 表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 1、If+主语+动词过去式 2、If+主语+were to+动词原形 3、If+主语+should+动词原形 If I were to go abroad,I would go to America.主语+would（could should might）+动词原型 错综时间条件句主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气 有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。If you had followed my advice,you would be better now.If you had studie
3、d hard before,you would be a college student now.含蓄条件句 有时虚拟条件句并没用 if 从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise，or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式来表示。She would have died without my help.。条件从句中省略 if采用倒装语序的情况 在 if 引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词 if 省去，而将 had，should，were 等助动词提到主语之前。例：原句：1:If she were younger,she,would do it.去 if
4、：Were she younger,she would do it.2:If you had come earlier,you would have met him.去 if:Had you come earlier,you would have met him 3:If it should rain tomorrow,we would not go climbing.去 if:Should it rain tomorrow,we would not go climbing.1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。He treats the boy as if he wer
5、e his own son.精品资料 欢迎下载 虚拟语气在 as if/as though 引导的方式状语从句中 2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。He spoke as if he had known about it.3表示与将来事实相反，(表示将来的可能性不大),用 would(might,could)+动词原形 He acts as if he could win in the game.注意：1.在 as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。例：He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though 或 as
6、 if 引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。虚拟语气用在 lest，for fear that，so that及 in order that 引导的目的状语从句中表示“以防，以免”等意思 谓语动词多用 should/could/might+动词原型构成 For fear that it may rain tomorrow,we should bring an umbrella.“In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句，也可以用虚拟语气（should）+动词原型 例：1.The game will be put off in case it(should)sn
7、ow.2.The game will be put off in case it snows.（二）名词性从句中的虚拟语气 一：宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1.在动词wish/hope 后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,表示一种不可能实现的愿望。对现在情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去式或过去进行式。I wish(that)I were a bird.对过去情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去完成时，或 would，could，might+现在完成时。I wish(that)I had seen the film last night.对将来情况的虚拟：从句谓语“would/should/could/might+动词
8、原形”。I wish(that)I wouldcould go.均以“should+动词原型”表示这种语气，“should”常被省略。We suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.They insisted that the boy(should)go with them.的过去分词主语动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句错综不一致这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整含蓄条件句有时提到主语之前例原句去条件从句中省略采用倒装语序的情况去去表示与精品资料 欢迎下载 在表示建议，命令，要求，忠告，等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 常用
9、的此类动词有：表示“提议，劝告，建议”的：propose,suggest,recommend,advise.表示“要求”的：ask,desire,request,demand,require,beg 表示“同意，坚持”的：insist 表示“决定，命令”的：decide,order 注意：suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。The smile on his face suggested(暗示）that he was satisfied with our work.The man insisted【坚持认为】th
10、at he had never stolen the money.Would rather，had rather，后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来相反 I would rather you told me the truth.用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。表示“宁愿做什么”或“对过去做的事的懊悔”。I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.注意：1.若某人愿自己做某事，would rather 后用动词原型 2.would rather.than中用动词原型 I would rather do it by mysel
11、f.I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.主语从句中的虚拟语气 “It is(was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that.”结构中的虚拟语气 表达形式为 should+动词原形或省略should Its quite necessary that we should have a walk now.常用的形容词：natural，appropriate，advisable，necessary，important，urgent，probable，possible，desirable，strange。注意：在上述所列形容词后面用 th
12、at 引出的宾语从句中，谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。例：I don t think it advisable that tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.(汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不恰当的).在“It is(was)+名 词+that.”结构句中的虚拟语气 表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。Its a pity that you(should)miss a good chance.这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity，proposal，r
13、ecommendation，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder 等。的过去分词主语动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句错综不一致这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整含蓄条件句有时提到主语之前例原句去条件从句中省略采用倒装语序的情况去去表示与精品资料 欢迎下载 二表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气 某些表示建议，请求，命令等主观意向的名词做主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气 表达形式为should+动词原型或直接用动词原型。My idea is that we(should)think it over before accepting it.W
14、e all agree to that suggestion that the meeting(should)be put off.在 It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required.that-clause句型中从句用(should)+动词原型 It is demanded that we should work out a plan.这类名词常见的有：demand，desire，requirement，advice，recommendation，suggestion，order，necessity，proposal，plan，idea。在 It is(ab
15、out/high)time+that 定语从句中的虚拟语气 表示“该做.的时候了”其动词形式用一般过去时或 should+动词原型 It is high time that you went /should go to school.注意：在 this is the first time/second time that.句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。This is the second time that we have achieved such a great success.选择题 1.If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed
16、,he would not suffer so much now.A.lies B.lay C.had lain D.should lie 2.How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.A.has B.had C.will have D.had had 3.You did not let me drive.If we _in turn,you _ so tired A.drove;didnt get B.drove;wouldnt get C.were driving;wouldnt get D.had dri
17、ven;wouldnt have got 4._it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will 5.I suggested the person _ to be put into prison A.refers B.referring C.referred D.refer 6.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it_ A.breaks B.has bro
18、ken C.were broken D.had been broken 7.I insisted _to see a doctor,but he insisted nothing _ wrong with him A.on him to go;should be B.he went;be C.he go;was D.he should to;is 8.-Your aunt invites you to the movies today -I had rather she _ me tomorrow than today A.tells B.told C.would tell D.had tol
19、d 的过去分词主语动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句错综不一致这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整含蓄条件句有时提到主语之前例原句去条件从句中省略采用倒装语序的情况去去表示与精品资料 欢迎下载 9.-Would you have called her up had it been possible -Yes,but I _busy doing my homework A.was B.were C.had been D.would be 10.I was ill that day,otherwise I _ the sports meet A.would have taken p
20、art in B.took part in C.had taken part in D.would take part in 11._the clouds,you would find the airplane in the sky easily A.Had it not been for B.If it were not C.If it had not been for D.Were it not for 12.If my lawyer _here last Sunday,he _ me from going A.had been,would have prevented B.had bee
21、n,would prevent C.were,prevent D.were,would have prevented 13._hard,he would have passed the exam A.If he were to work B.Had he worked C.Should he work D.Were he to work 14._today,he would get there by Friday A.Were he to leaveB.If he had left C.Did he to leave D.Had he left 15.Had you listened to t
22、he doctor,you _all right now A.are B.were C.would be D.would have been 16.I did not see your sister at the meeting.If she _,she would have met my brother A.has come B.did come C.come D.had come 17.He _busy yesterday,or he _you with your experiment.A.was,had helped B.was,would have helped C.had been,
23、would have helped D.were,would have helped 18.If it _for the snow,we_ the mountain yesterday A.were not,could have climb B.were not,could climb C.had not been,could have climbed D.hadnt been,could climb 19.Without electricity,human life _quite difficult today A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would
24、 be 20.-I am going to tell her the news -I would as soon you _her about it A.didnt tell B.dont tell C.hadnt tell D.wont tell 21.Mikes father,as well as his mother,insisted he _home A.stayed B.could stay C.has stayed D.stay 22.It was requested that the play _again A.should put on B.would put on C.be
25、put on D.put on 23.She insisted that a doctor _ immediately A.had sent for B.send C.be sent for D.was sent 24.-Did you scold him for his carelessness-Yes,but _it A.Id rather not do B.Id rather not have done C.I should t do D.Id bet ter not do 25.If only I _my car A.hadnt lost B.wouldnt lose C.didnt
26、lose D.havent lost 26.But for water,it _impossible to live in the earth A.is B.would C.were D.wouldnt be 27.I would rather you _anything about it for the time being A.do B.didnt do C.dont D.didnt 28.The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he _ their own son A.is B.were C.had bee
27、n D.should be 29.How the old people wish that they _young once more A.were B.could become C.had been D.should be 30.It is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss this problem 的过去分词主语动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句错综不一致这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整含蓄条件句有时提到主语之前例原句去条件从句中省略采用倒装语序的情况去去表示与精品资料 欢迎下载 A.hold B.held C.have
28、held D.had held 31.The thief closed his eyes _ he _dying A.even if,was B.though,would be C.even,had been D.as if,were 32.I wish that you _ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concert A.had not B.did not have had C.hadnt had D.hadnt have 33.The chairman insisted that
29、 we _the question again A.will discuss B.to discuss C.should discuss D.will be discussed 34.He requested that the students _them get in crops A.help B.to help C.helped D.helping 35.The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _the rules A.obeys B.Obey C.will obey D.would obey 36.I wish I _here then
30、 A.was B.had been C.were D.would be 37.It is strange that he _back so early A.came B.will come C.had come D.should have come 38.Mother suggested that I _my homework first before watching TV A.did B.do C.shall do D.have done 39.My suggestion is that the meeting _off till nest Sunday A.be put B.put C.
31、should put D.had been put 40.He is talking so much about America as if he _ there A.had been B.has been C.was D.been 41.The teacher demanded that the exam _ before eleven A.must finish B.would be finished C.be finished D.must be finished 42.-Sorry,Joe.I did not mean to -Dont call me“Joe”,I am Mr.Par
32、ker to you,and _ you forget it!A.do B.didnt C.did D.dont 43.I did not attend the lecture by Pro.Jackson.I _ but I _ all this morning A.would,have washed B.could,have been washing C.would have,have been washing D.could have,had washing 44.How I wish I _ to repair the watch!I only made it worse A.had
33、tried B.hadnt t ried C.have tried D.didnt try 45.-How could I thank you enough?-Dont mention it.Any other man _it A.must do B.could do C.would have done D.should have done 46.Key European governments insist Iraqs co-operation _ good and military action_ to allow inspections to continue A.be,be delay
34、ed B.is,delay C.should be,be delayed D.is,be delayed 47.If the hurricane had happened during the day-time,_more deaths A.it would have been B.it would be C.there would be D.there would have been 48.What the customers_ from the company is that the goods _ right to their homes.A.requested,deliver B.de
35、mand,be delivered C.request,should deliver D.demand,delivered 49.If law-breakers _ the society will be in disorder A.made unpunished B.came unpunished C.went unpunished D.not punished 50.We took a taxi to the airport.Otherwise we _late A.would be B.were C.will be D.would have been 51.Supposing he ne
36、ver _,what would happen then A.come B.came C.would come D.will come 的过去分词主语动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句错综不一致这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整含蓄条件句有时提到主语之前例原句去条件从句中省略采用倒装语序的情况去去表示与精品资料 欢迎下载 52.What do you think his proposal that we _ a play at the English meeting A.had put on B.should put on C.have put on D.will put o
37、n 53.I hope that you _ right A.will be B.should be C.were D.would be 54.As you know,I am a disabled man,but I would be happy if I _of service to you A.am B.have been C.should be D.would be 55.He insisted that we _early the next morning A.start B.started C.would start D.had started 56.I did not see y
38、our sister at the meeting.If she _,she would have met my brother A.has come B.did come C.had come D.came 57.We _last night,but we went to the cinema instead A.must have studied B.might study C.would study D.would have studied 58.If it _the snow,we _the Simian Mountain last week A.were not,could have
39、 climbed B.were not,could climb C.had not been,could have climbed D.had not been,could climb 答案 1-10 C B D B C C C B A A 11-20 D A B A C D B C D A 21-30 D C C B A C B B A B 31-40 D C C A B B D B A A 41-50 C D C B C D D B C D 51-58 B B A A AC D C 的过去分词主语动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句错综不一致这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整含蓄条件句有时提到主语之前例原句去条件从句中省略采用倒装语序的情况去去表示与精品资料 欢迎下载 的过去分词主语动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句错综不一致这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整含蓄条件句有时提到主语之前例原句去条件从句中省略采用倒装语序的情况去去表示与