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1、Lesson 1 A private conversation 私人谈话 学 习 目 标 必记单词 private adj.私人的 conversation n.谈话 theatre n.剧院，戏院 seat n.座位 play n.戏 loudly adv.大声地 angry adj.生气的 angrily adv.生气地 attention n.注意 rudely adv.无礼地，粗鲁地 常考短语 complain to sb.向某人抱怨 go to the theatre 去剧院，去看戏 see a play 看戏 pay attention(to)注意 have a good seat
2、 有个好座位 turn round 转身，回头 经典句型 1.I had a very good seat.2.They were sitting behind me.3.I could not hear the actors.4.Its none of your business.5.I looked at the man and the woman angrily.6.This is a private conversation.全 解 重点语法 简单的陈述句语序之句子排序 概要：词序就是词或句子成分在句子中的排列顺序。英语里的词和句子成分在句子里的位置比较固定。现将句子成分和虚词在陈述句
3、中的一般位置举例说明如下：(1)主语的位置：主语一般放在句子之前，通常由名词或代词组成。例：My parents often take a walk after supper.(2)谓语动词的位置：放在主语之后，且由动词构成。例：She began to play the piano ten years ago.(3)表语的位置：放在联系动词之后，如：get/be/turn 等。例：I got angry.(4)宾语的位置：在及物动词或介词之后。例：I like this place.(及物动词宾语的位置)There are many trees in this place.(介词的宾语的位置
4、)(5)定语的位置：单词作定语，一般放在被修饰语的前面，短语和从句作定语则放在被修饰语的后面。例：The school library has many books on agriculture.校图书馆有许多关于农业的书。(many 和 on agriculture，都修饰 books，many 在 books 的前面，on agriculture 则在它的后面)(6)状语的位置：修饰形容词或副词的状语放在被修饰语之前；修饰动词的状语有的放在动词之前，有的放在动词之后。如动词有宾语，状语一般须放在宾语之后。例：The Summer Palace is very beautiful.颐和园非常
5、美丽。(very 为状语，修饰形容词 beautiful，放在 beautiful之前)I know him well.我十分了解他。(well 为状语，修饰动词 know，放在 know 之后)The students often go on a picnic.这些学生经常出去野餐。(often 为状语，修饰动词 go，放在它的前面)We take exercise every day.我们每天都运动。(every day为状语，修饰动词take，在宾语 exercise 之后)(7)冠词的位置：冠词一般放在名词之前。例：I met a friend at the bus-stop.我在公共
6、汽车站遇到一位朋友。(8)介词的位置：介词一般也放在名词或代词之前。例：There is a map of China on the wall.墙上有一幅中国地图。(9)连词的位置：连词一般放在同类的词、短语或从句之间。例：They worked quickly and efficiently.他们工作速度快，效率高。He works just as hard as everyone else although he is over sixty.他尽管六十多岁了，仍和大家一样努力工作。(10)感慨词的位置 感慨词常放在句子最前面。例：Oh，its you!啊，是你呀!1.Last week I
7、 went to the theatre.上星期我去看戏。(a)本句为简单的一般过去时结构，类似的时间状语有：last week 上周 last year 去年 the week before last 上上周 the night before last 前天晚上 the day before yesterday 前天 the month before last 上上个月 教材全解(b)go to the theatre 去看戏=see a play 拓展：in the theatre 在剧院里工作 at the theatre 在剧院看戏 2.I had a very good seat.我
8、的座位很好。(1)have a seat/place=take a seat/place=get a seat/place (2)seat 座位 vs.sit 坐 take a seat/take ones seat/be seated:座下来，就座 seat 是及物动词，后面有宾语 seat sb.让某人坐下 e.g.You seat him.sit 是不及物动词，后面不加宾语 e.g.Lucy is sitting there When all those presents(到场者)_D_ he began his lecture.(重点题)A.sit B.set C.seated D.w
9、ere seated 讲解sit,sit down;seat,be seated;take a seat 3.A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me.They were talking loudly.一青年男子和一青年女子坐在我身后，大声地说着话。were sitting/were talking 为简单的过去进行时结构 过去进行时定义：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或过去某一阶段时间正在进行的动作 过去进行时结构：was/were doing 拓展：过去进行时与现在进行时的区别：两者都表示动作正在进行，只是时间有别。现在进行时表示
10、现在或现阶段正在进行的动 作。过去进行时则表示在过去的某一时间点或过去某一阶段正在进行的动作。例：瞧！他们在踢足球 Look!They are playing football 上星期六这个时间，他们也在踢足球。They were playing football this time last Saturday,too 这几天我在学骑自行车。I am learning to ride a bike these days 上星期我在学骑自行车。I was learning to ride a bike last week 两者之间任何一个 4.I could not hear the actor
11、s.我听不到演员在说什么。(1)hear v.听，听见 基本用法：hear sb.听到某人说的话 hear of 听说 hear from sb.收到某人的来信(2)辨析：hear/listen to hear 强调听得结果；listen to 强调听的动作和过程 例：Please speak loudly.I cant hear you.We should listen to our teacher carefully.5.They did not pay any attention.他们丝毫没有注意。attention n.注意 pay attention 注意 拓展：e.g.Attent
12、ion,please.请注意 pay attention to:对什么注意 pay attention 注意在思想上/notice:注意(=see 眼睛看)pay a little attention:稍加注意 pay much attention:多加注意 pay more attention:更多注意 pay no attention :不用注意 6.I could not bear it.我忍不住了。bear(bore,borne)v.容忍 bear,stand e.g.I cant bear/stand you put up with=bear=stand 容忍 bear n.熊 be
13、ar hug:热情(热烈)的拥抱 e.g.give sb.a bear hug 7.This is a private conversation!这是私人间的谈话！(1)private adj.私人的 Its my private letter/house；private school:私立学校 privacy n.隐私 e.g.Its a (private/privacy)public：公众的，公开的 public school；public letter 公开信；public place:公共场所 private:普通的 e.g.private citizen 普通公民 private l
14、ife：私生活 topic/subject of conversation：话题 talk/conversation/dialogue(对话)/chat闲聊/gossip嚼舌头，八卦别人 lets have a talk/They are having a conversation.China and Korea are having a dialogue.正式 have a+talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 八卦gossip girl 8.I said angrily.我生气地说。拓展：angry adj.生气的 angrily adv.近义词：c
15、ross=angry 生气的;annoyed:恼火的;very angry be blue in the face 气得脸发青(以上四个生气依次程度加深)例：I was angry.He was cross.I am blue in the face.典型例题：The writer looked at the man and the woman angrily.He was very _ c_.(a)sad (b)unhappy (c)cross (d)pleased Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?早餐还是午餐？学 习 必记单词 until prep.直到 outsi
16、de adv.副词 ring v.(铃、等)响 rang v.(ring 的过去式)rung v.(ring 的过去分词)aunt n.姑，姨，婶，舅母 repeat v.重复 still adv.仍，还 常考短语 just then 正在那时 have breakfast 吃早餐 stay in bed 呆在床上 get up(early/late)起床早/晚 look out of the window 看向窗外 by train 乘火车 7.What a day!.8.Im coming to see you.目 标 全 解 经典句型 9.I sometimes stay in bed
17、until lunchtime.10.It was dark outside.11.I have just arrived by train.12.What are you doing?13.Dear me!14.Do you always get up so late?重点语法 1.until 的用法 prep.直到 直到.才;直到.为止 notuntil 后面加(时间状语)从句,前面就是主句,until 在肯定句中与表示持续性状态的动词连用，在否认句中与描述短暂动作的动词连用。1)His father didnt die until he came back.(肯定)直到他回来,他爸爸才死
18、。2)His father was alive until he came back.(否认)直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的。把 until 作为时间终止线 从句的时间终点之前,这个动作做了还是没做?做了肯定;没做否认.I stay in bed until twelve oclock.I didnt get up until 12 oclock.注意：假设将 not until 放置在句首，那么主句要写成倒装句。例：They didnt realize their fault until we pointed it out to 重点语法 them.直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误，他们才意
19、识到。Not until we pointed it out to them did they realize it.2.感慨句基本结构 1由 what 引导的感慨句：what+名词短语+主语+谓语 例：What a beautiful girl she is!What good news!What a terrible day!What a pity!注：主语和谓语动词视具体情况可省略 2由 how 引导的感慨句：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语 例：How clever the boy is!How well she plays!她演奏的真好！How nice!3其他感慨句：例：Wonde
20、rful!真棒！Good heavens!天哪！Dear me！天哪！本文中的例子 3.I never get up early on Sundays.我从不在星期天早起。(a)on Sundays 所有的星期天，每逢星期天 拓展：on weekends 在周末(b)never 从来不可以直接用在动词前面=not变成否 教材全解 认句，前面一定要加助动词 例：I dont like apples.=I never like apples.(c)一般现在时常出现的频率副词：never 从不，always 总是等，从频率最大到频率最小依次为：always,usually,often,sometim
21、es,seldom,never.4.I looked out of the window.It was dark outside.我看向窗外，外面很灰暗。look v.看，看起来可做系动词 look out=watch out=be careful 小心 例：Look out!The car is coming!look through 浏览 look into 调查 look at 看=have a look 看一看 5.Just then,the telephone rang.It was my aunt Lucy.就在这时，响了，是我的姑姑露西。(a)just then 就在那时 近义短
22、语：at that moment (b)ring(过去式 rang)v.1 铃、等响刺耳的 注：这种响是刺耳的，往往提醒某人做某事。例：The door bell is ringing.门铃正在响。2给某人打 ring sb.例：Tomorrow Ill ring you.n.名词，打 give sb.a call 教材全解 Remember to ring me.=Remember to give me a ring.戒指名词 例：wedding ring 结婚戒指(c)在不知道对方是谁或性别时，可以用 it 来指代 例：Who are you?/Who is it?6.Ive just a
23、rrived by train.我坐火车刚到。解析：just 刚，刚刚 现在完成时的标志 have just arrived 为现在完成时结构(1)现在完成时结构：have/has done(done 指动词的过去分词)(2)现在完成时的定义：过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。例句：She has lost her books.她丧失了她的书。表示到目前为止还没有找到 Weve just cleaned the classroom.我们刚好打扫了教室。说明现在教室是干净的 I havent finished my h
24、omework yet 我还没有完成我的作业。She hasnt travelled on a train 她没有坐火车旅行过。7.Im coming to see you.我将要来看你。解析：现在进行时表将来，常用“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义，这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感，这类词常有 go,start,begin,return,leave 等 例：Im meeting you after class.课后我找你。What are you doing next Sunday?下周你将会做什么？They are getting married next month.他们下个月结婚。
25、Are you meeting Jack this evening?你打算今晚见杰克吗？Lesson 3 Please send me a card请给我寄一张明信片 学 习 必记单词 send v.寄，送 sent v.(send 的过去式和过去分词)postcard n.明信片 spoil v.使索然无味，损坏(spoiled/spoilt)museum n.博物馆 public adj.公共的 friendly adj.友好的 waiter n.服务员，招待生 lend v.借给 decision n.决定 whole adj.整个的 single adj.唯一的，单一的 make a
26、big decision 作出一项重大决定 public gardens 公共花园，公园 目 标 全 解 常考短语 a few words of Italian 几句意大利语 a few lines 几行 lend me a book 借给我一本书 a single card 一张明信片 on the last day 在最后一天 经典句型 15.Then he lent me a book.16.I spent the whole day in my room.17.I thought about postcards.18.Postcards always spoil my holiday.
27、19.My holiday passed quickly.20.A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.重点语法 1.双宾语-直接宾语和间接宾语 直接宾语：表示动作结果，动作所涉及的事物 间接宾语：动作目标，动作是谁做的或为谁做的，通常是人 间接宾语大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前，假设间接宾语在 后，间接宾主前必须加“to”表示动作对什么人做 或“for”表 示动作为什么人而做，可以翻译成：给、替、为。例：Please give me a book.间接宾语 直接宾语 Please give a book to me.直接宾语 间接宾
28、语(a).常见动词与 to 相连的 give,take,pass,read,sell,buy，pay，hand，bring，show，promise承诺，offer提供，owe欠 (b).常见动词与 for 相连的 buy,order命令,点,make,find 例：I buy a book for you.make a cake for you/find sth.for sb.do sb.a favor=do a favor for sb.帮某人一个忙 2.单词辨析 spoil,break,damage,destroy 注：spoil 主要指精神上的 而其他三个多指物理上的破坏 易混词 辨
29、析 例 句 spoil 使索然无味，损坏;宠坏，溺爱,或指把东西 的质 量 变得不好；生活中 不顺 心 的事。What you said spoiled me.你所说的让我不开心。His arrival spoiled my holiday.他的到来毁了我的假期。His parents spoiled the boy.他的父母宠坏了这个男孩。break 动词：打破或折断等。break the windows 打破玻璃 damage 动词或名词：破坏，不同程度的损害，程度 不一 定 很重，一般为可修复的。The storm did a lot of damage to the crops.暴风雨
30、使庄稼受到了很大损失.The ship was damaged in the bottom那条船的底部被损坏.destroy 用 作动 词，破坏,彻底摧毁一般为不This earthquake destroyed the whole village.可修复性 这场地震摧毁了整个村庄。教材全解 8.Postcards always spoil my holiday.明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。(a).postcard/card n.明信片 send him a card/postcard 拓展：name card/visiting card/business card:名片 ID card:身份
31、证 credit card:信用卡 cash card 现金卡,储蓄卡,工资卡(不能透支的那种)(b).spoil 详见单词辨析部分 9.Last summer,I went to Italy.去年暑假我去了意大利。last summer 过去时间状语 类似：last week，last year,the day before yesterday 拓展：last adj.上一个 last summer 里的 last 表示“上一个”adj.最后一个，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词 the 例：on the last day 在最后一天 具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用 on The rain las
32、ted for the whole day.雨持续下了一整天。10.A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语。(d)friendly adj.友好的 be friendly to.对友好 例：My teachers are all friendly to us.She gave me a friendly greeting.(e)waiter n.服务员，招待员 拓展：waitress 女服务员 chief waiter 领班 shop assistant 售货员 attendant其他公共场所的服
33、务员(f)teach sb.sth.教某人做某事 He teaches our English.(错)He teaches us English.(对)语言不可数,所以要用 a little Italian 或 a few words of Italian I can speak a little English/a few words of English.辨析：few,a few,little,a little 易混词 辨 析 例 句 few 修 饰 可 数 名词，意为：几乎没有，强调“少“，表否认 He has few friends here,so he often feels lon
34、ely.他在这里几乎没有朋友，因此经常感到孤独。a few 修 饰 可 数 名词，意为：一点，一些，几个，表肯定 The police would like to ask him a few questions.警察要问他一些问题。a few friends 几个朋友 little 修饰不可数名词，意为：极少，几乎没有，表否认 Hurry up!There is little time left.快点！几乎没剩下什么时间了。There is little milk in the fridge.We need to buy some.冰箱里没有牛奶了，我需要去买一些。a little 修饰不可数
35、名词，意为：一点点，一些，表肯定 I like a little sugar in my tea.我喜欢茶里放一些糖。11.Then he lent me a book.之后他借给了我一本书。解析：lend v.借给借出lend sth.to sb.=lend sb.sth.borrow v.借借进：borrow sth.from sb./borrow sth.注意：borrow 不能用 borrow sb sth.例：He borrowed my pen yesterday.He hasnt given me it yet.Can you lend a pen to me?你能把借一支笔给我
36、吗？Then he lent me a book=Then he lent a book to me.12.Every day I thought about postcards.我每天都想着明信片的事。解析：think about/of 考虑,思考，指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事,think of 还可指想到 例：What do you think of?你觉得怎么样？What do you think of TV program last night?What do you think of the weather today?你觉得天气怎么样?拓展：think over 仔细考虑，反复思
37、考 13.My holidays passed quickly,but I did not send cards to my friends.我的假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。(a)pass v.1.(时间)推移,流逝 The ten days passed quickly.这十天很快就过去了 2.前进;通过;经过;超过 You cannot pass.Stop where you are.你不能过去。原处停下。3.终止,消失;离开,死亡(+away)The pain passed.疼痛消失了。4.(球类运动中)传递(+to)pass sth.to sb.=pass sb
38、.sth 把某物递给某人 5.(考试等)及格;通过;被批准 The bill finally passed.法案最终通过了。He passed in German,but failed in English.他德语考试及格了,但英语没及格。6.经过,穿过,越过,超过 We passed several stores before we came to the barbers.我们走过几家商店才到了理发店。(b)send sth.to sb.=send sb.sth.把某物寄给某人 例：Send a postcard to my friend=Send my friend a postcard
39、寄一张明信片给我的朋友 14.I made a big decision.我作出了一项重大决定。解析：decision n.决定 make/take a big/great decision(big：重大；great：伟大,更重大)作出决定 拓展：decide v.决定 decide to do sth.make up ones mind 下定决心 例：I decide to study hard.我决定努力学习。15.I spent the whole day in my room,but I did not write a single word！我在房间里关了整整一天。(a)spend“
40、花时间”、“度过”sb.spend some time/money on sth.sb.spend some time/money(in)doing sth.拓展：it takes/took sb.some time/money to do sth.花费某人一些时间或金钱去做某事 例：I spend my weekend at my sisters.在我姐姐家过周末。She spent five yuan on this pen.她花了五元在这支笔上。She spent five yuan(in)buying this pen.in 可以省略 It took her five yuan to buy this pen.她花了五元钱买了这支笔。(b)whole adj.整个的 the whole，例：the whole day 整天，two whole weeks 整整两星期 a whole bottle of milk 一整瓶牛奶 拓展：all the，all the day=all day(the 可以省略)all of 后面假设加代词,代词前面不需要修饰词；一旦要加名词,前面一定要加 the 例：all of us；all of the students (c)single adj.唯一的，单一的 反义词:double 双倍的