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1、9B Unit B 1.how+to+动词原形 构成的不定式短语，在句子中可作宾语、主语、同位语等。I don t know how to go to the post office.How to operate the machine is a problem.疑问代词 who,what,which及疑问副词 when,where 等也可与动词不定式连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。The question is which one to choose.2.open up 开辟 A new area has been opened up for trade.They
2、 want to open up a new route.1)(机会、新情况)出现 With a microscope,a whole new world of investigation opens up.2)打开，开启 Open up!This is the police!3.the American continents 美洲大陆 Did Columbus discover the American continents?continent 大陆 ocean 海洋 the seven continent Asia亚洲 Europe 欧洲 North America 北美洲 South A
3、merica 南美洲 Africa非洲 Ocean 大洋洲 Antarctica 南极洲 the four oceans 四大洋：the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 the Indian Ocean 印度洋 the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋 4.set up 建立；设立 We should set up a new school here.They must set up a state of their own.5.nearly adv.几乎；差不多 The room was nearly empty.She can play n
4、early every musical instrument.nearly 与 almost 1)nearly 与 almost 在多数情况下可换用。但 almost 所表达的程度比 nearly 更接近一些。Its nearly/almost 10 o clock.He is nearly/almost as tall as her.2)nearly 可与 not 连用，但不能与其他否定词连用;almost 可与 no,none,never,nothing,nobody 等否定词连用。That jam is not nearly as interesting as this one.Her
5、parents almost never go to the zoo.6.set sail 起航 Christopher Columbus set sail for the New World.When everyone is on the board,the ship will set sail.7.rise v.变得更加成功（重要或强大等）He rose to be the manager soon.He dreamed of rising to the rank of general.8.develop vt.发展；增强，加强 We must develop relations with
6、 all the countries.Modern music was first developed in Italy.9.be known as 被称为；作为 而出名 Liu Huan is known as a singer.Einstein was known as a great scientist.10.as well as 也；还 He can speak Chinese as well as English.Electric energy can be changed into light energy as well as into sound energy.as well
7、as 与 一样好 She sings as well as her elder sister.11.quantities of 许多的；大量的 We need quantities of food and water.She had quantities of beautiful clothes.12.It seemed that 似乎；好像；看来，It 此处用作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句 It seems that he is reading a storybook.It seemed that she knew everyone to hide.13.nowhere ad
8、v.无处；哪里都不 Now there is almost nowhere to hide.They had nowhere to go.14.at the end of 在 结尾；在 末端 We ll have an exam at the end of May.You can see the bank at the end of the road.15.such as 例如，用来例举同类容纳或事物中的几个。English is spoken in many countries,such as Austrilia and Canada.such as 与 for example such a
9、s 用来列举同类人或事物中的几个 置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间 for example 一般只举同类人或事物中的一个例子 作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末 He knows four languages,such as Chinese and English.He,for example,is a good student.16.besides prep.除 之外（还）I have another blue pen besides this one.We have lots of things in common besides music.besides,except 与 e
10、xcept for besides 除 之外（还）有附加的含义 except 除 之外 含有排他的含义 except for 除之外，只是 表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定 He had other people to take care of besides m.He gets up early every day except Sunday.The composition was good except for a few spelling mistakes.17.encourage v.鼓励；促进 encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 I want to tha
11、nk everyone who has encouraged and supported me.Mother encouraged me to study English well.18.people C民族，种族，其复数形式为 peoples There are more than 50 peoples in China.Every people uses its own special words to show its ideas and feelings.people n.人；人们 There are three people in the room.You can chat with
12、 the people who are online.19.around the world 世界各地 There were people from all around the world in the city.Theyd like to drive around the world.20.one of+the+形容词的最高级+名词复数 最 的 之一 Hangzhou is one of the most beautiful cities in China.Zhang Ming is one of the tallest players in our team.21.go on a tri
13、p 去旅行 I want to go on a trip to New York this winter.Shall we go on a trip to the Palace Museum?22.sound 此处用连系动词，“听起来”；其后常接形容词作表语，还可接名词、代词、介词短语或从句 The music sounds beautiful.That sounds a good idea.Your voice sounds as if you have had a bad cold.词类用法的连系动词还有 look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，feel(摸起来)等
14、。23.look for 寻找 What are you looking for?They look for foods that are low in calories.look around 四周环顾 look at 看着 look back 回头看；回顾 look down on 看起来，轻视 look after 照顾，照料 look forward to 盼望，期待 look like 看上去像 look out 当心，小心，留神 look through 浏览，翻阅看 look up 查寻，查阅；抬头看 look for，find 与 find out 1）look for 寻找，
15、强调“找”的动作 What are you looking for?I m looking for my bike.2）find“找到，发现”，强调“找”的结果，其宾语是丢失的东西或人。Did you find Li Ming yesterday?No.We looked for him everywhere,but didn t find him.3)find out 着重表示通过查寻、理解、分析、思考等“弄清楚，查明”一件事，其后的宾语常常是某种情况或事实。Please find out when the train leaves.24.tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事
16、tell sb.not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事 His father told him to play basketball first.The teacher told us not to go out at night.25.hand in 上交 You must hand in your papers before 10.Hand in your phones,please.26.need 实义动词 need to do sth.或 need sth.He needs to see a doctor.We need a lot of food.need 情态动词，需要，没
17、有人称和数的变化，后接省略 to 的不定式，多用于疑问句或否定句 You needn t stay long.Mum,need I wash my trousers now?Yes,you must./No,you needn t.27.Why don t we/you+do sth.?我们/你们为什么不做某事呢？Why don t we/you go to the seaside this weekend?Why don t we/you finish our/your homework first?Why not+do sth.?为什么不做某事呢？。也用来征求意见或建议。Why not g
18、o to the seaside this weekend?Why not finish our/your homework first?28.Would you like?你想 吗？Would you like to do sth.?Would you like sth.?Would you like to drink one more cup of tea?Would you like something to drink?pare with 把 与 对比 The police compared her bag with her mothers.Lets compar this artic
19、le with that one.30.pay attention to注意；其中 to 是介词，后面可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。Please pay attention to the weather.All of us should pay attention to protecting our own eyesight.pay much attention to多注意，重视 pay more attention to更加注意 I didn t pay much attention to where my money went.We should pay more attenti
20、on to what we do in future.40.miss 此处用作及物动词，意为“错过，没搭上（车、船等）He nearly missed the first bus.You missed a good party last night.miss v.想念；怀念 The two girl miss their mother very much.41.information U 信息 If youd like more information,please ring the hotline.Tom refused to give her any information about M
21、ary.Information,message,news information 消息，情报，信息 不可数名词 指通过观察、阅读、调查或交谈等获得的消息、情报、资料等 message 消息；信息 可数名词 一般指用口头或书面传递的消息 news 消息，新闻 不可数名词 常指报纸、电台或电视报道的最新消息 Please give me some information about trains to London.Will you take this message to elder sister?Do you want the good news or the bad news first?4
22、2.experience C 经历 U经验 He often remembered his childhood experiences.Its a pleasant experience to have a picnic with friends.We have much experience of doing that.He has no experience of managing a farm.43.grow up 长大 What do you want to do when you grow up?Where did Zheng He grow up?44.not until 直到 才
23、 She didn t go to bed until her son came back.We didn t go home until 10 o clock.45.interesting adj.有趣的，可以作定语，也可以作表语 It is an interesting story.The story is very interesting.46.usually adv.通常 The boys usually play football after school.always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly与 never 1)always 表示动作重复、状态持
24、续，中间没有间断，意为“总是”“永远”。The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.2)usually 通常，即很少有例外 He usually goes to bed at ten o clock.3)often 常常，表示动作重复，中间有间断，不如 usually 频繁。He is often late for school.4)sometimes 有时，表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示强调。It is sometimes hot and sometimes hot.Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way.5)hardly 几乎不，常和 ever 连用表示强调。I hardly ever go out these days.6)never 从不，永不 My parents are never late for work.