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1、 1 英语反义疑问句用法讲解 一、基本概念及结构:反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定,而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。其结构为:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的问句。完成后一部分简短问句时,要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问,前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致。如果前一部分用肯定式,后一部分一般用否定式;反之,前一部分为否定式,后一部分要用肯定式,即“前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定”。例如:You don t like rock music,do you?你不喜欢摇滚乐,对吧?二、反义疑问句的回答 不管是前否后肯,还是前肯后否
2、形式的反义疑问句,回答都根据事实回答,肯定的答案就用 yes+肯定结构,否定的答案就用 no+否定结构,答案要和实际情况相符。也叫实事求是 例如:1、-She is good at English,isnt she?-Yes,she is.是的,她擅长 或者 No,she isnt.不,她不擅长 2、-There isnt a computer in your room,is there?“你的房间里没有电脑,对吗?-Yes,there is.不,有电脑 或者 No,there isnt.是的,没有电脑。三、其他规则:1、陈述部分用否定词或半否定词 no,nothing,nobody,neve
3、r,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定形式。例如:He is never late for school,is he?他上学从不迟到,是吗?2、陈述部分的谓语是 used to 时,疑问部分用 didn t+主语或 usedn t+主语。例如:He used to take pictures there,didnt/usednt he?他过去常常在那儿拍照,是吗?You used to sleep with the windows open,usednt/didnt you?你过去常常开着窗户睡觉,是吗?3、陈述部分为祈使句时,祈使句
4、后加附加问句,不表示反意,而表示一种语气。其结构为:否定祈使句+will you?肯定祈使句+will/wont you?例如:Dont do that again,will you?不要再那样做了,好吗?Go with me,will you/wont you?跟我走,好吗?注意:2 Let s 开头的祈使句,后用 shall we?Let us 开头的祈使句,后用 will you?例如:Let s go and listen to the music,shall we?让我们去听音乐,好吗?Let us wait for you in the reading-room,will you?
5、让我们在阅览室等你,好吗?4、如果陈述句部分的谓语含有带否定前缀 dis-,un-,im-或否定后缀-less 的词(dislike,discourage,be unfair/untrue/unable,etc.),仍按肯定句处理,其反问部分一般用否定式。例如:It s unfair,isnt it?不公平,是吗?You dislike it,dont you?你不喜欢它,是吗?The patient is unable to move round,isnt he?这个病人不能到处走,是吗?5、陈述部分的主语是 I,疑问部分要用 aren t I。例如:Im late for the meet
6、ing,aren t I?我开会迟到了,是吗?6、陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词 everything,that,nothing,this时,疑问部分主语用 it。例如:Everything is ready,isnt it?一切都准备好了,是吗?7、如果陈述部分的主语是不定代词 someone(body),anyone(body),everyone(body),no one,nobody 等,由于它们是第三人称单数并且指代人,其反问部分的主语可以是 they,也可以是泛指第三人称单数的 he。例如:Everyone passed the exam,didnt they/he?每个人都通过了
7、考试,是吗?Someone is coming,arent they/isnt he?有人来了,是吗?8、陈述部分是“there be”结构的,疑问部分用 there。例如:There s not much news in todays newspaper,is there?今天的报纸上没有什么新闻,是吗?9、含有宾语从句的反义疑问句:当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,疑问部分的主语应与主句的主语保持一致。例如:He said that he would come to my birthday party,didnt he?他说他会来参加我的生日聚会,是吗?但当主句是:I think,I believ
8、e,I suppose,I except,I imagine等结构时,疑问部分的主语和谓语动词应与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致。例如:I don t believe he will succeed,will he?我不相信他会成功,是吗?He doesn t believe he will succeed,does he?他不相信他会成功,是吗?10、陈述部分含有 must 的反义疑问句:当 must 作“必须”讲时,其翻译疑问部分用 neednt;当含有 mustnt(不允许,禁止)时,其反意疑问部分用 must/may。3 例如:You must go now,neednt you?你必须
9、走,是吗?You mustn t smoke here,must/may you?你不可以在这里吸烟,对吗?11、感叹句中,疑问部分用 be+主语。例如:What beautiful flowers,arent they?多漂亮的花呀,不是吗?12、陈述部分有 Youd like to+动词原形,疑问部分用 wouldnt+主语。例如:Youd like to go with me,wouldnt you?你想跟我一起去,是吗?13、陈述部分有 would rather+动词原形,疑问部分多用 wouldn t+主语。例如:He would rather stay at home than g
10、o out,wouldnt he?他宁愿呆在家也不愿出去,是吗?14、陈述部分有 have to+动词原形(had to+动词原形),疑问部分常用 dont+主语(didn t+主语)例如:We have to write it with a pen,dont we?我们必须要用钢笔填写,是吗?15、陈述部分有 had better+v.疑问句部分用 hadnt you?例如:Youd better read it by yourself,hadnt you?你最好自己看,好吗?16、带情态动词 dare 或 need 的反义疑问句,疑问部分常用 need(dare)+主语。例如:We nee
11、d not do it again,need we?我们不需要重做,是吗?He dare not say so,dare he?他不敢如此说,是吗?当 dare,need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词 do+主语。例如:She doesn t dare to go home alone,does she?她不敢独自回家,是吗?巩固练习 一、完成下列反意疑问句,每空一词。1.We must go at once,_?2.My uncle used to smoke,_?3.She is a music lover,_?4.You need to have a good dictionary,_
12、?5.Let us do the jobs ourselves,_?6.There used to be an old stone bridge across the river,_?7.Please turn down the radio,_?8.There were few people there,_?9.If anybody comes here,he will be welcome,_?4 10.I am late for the meeting,_?二、把下列各句改成反意疑问句。1.I think he is right._ 2.I dont think youre serious
13、ly ill._ 3.I dont suppose they will be back soon._ 4.Don t do such a job._ 5.You needn t do that when your daughter is here._ 6.What you need is more practice._ 7.He says that it is really true._ 8.He dared to ask the teacher many questions._ 9.That is an honest girl?_ 10.Tom hasn t much time to spa
14、re._ 三、单项选择。1.An elephant is strong,_ it?A.doesn t B.does C.isn t D.is 2.You are new here,_you?A.aren t B.are C.do D.don t 3.Martin is good at fishing,_?A.is he B.does he C.isn t he D.doesn t he 4.The little dog is lovely,_?A.isn t it B.is it C.isn t the dog D.is the dog 5 5.Mr.Brown met Mrs.Wang ye
15、sterday,_?A.does he B.doesn t he C.did he D.didn t he 一、完成下列反意疑问句,每空一词。1.neednt we 2.usednt hedidnt he 3.isnt she 4.dont you 5.will you 6.usednt theredidnt there 7.will you wont you 8.were there 9.wont he 10.arent I 二、把下列各句改成反意疑问句。1.I think he is right,isnt he?2.I dont think youre seriously ill,are
16、you?3.I dont suppose they will be back soon,will they?4.Dont do such a job,will you?5.You neednt do that when your daughter is here,need you?6.What you need is more practice,isn t it?7.He says that it is really true,doesn t he?8.He dared to ask the teacher many questions,didn t he?9.That is an honest girl,isn t it?10.Tom hasn t much time to spare,has he?三、单项选择。CACAD 6