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1、公众号：高中试卷君英语（二）-2023年高考考前20天终极冲刺攻略（新高考专用） 含答案5月20日 今日心情：七选五篇 阅读七选五题型实质上就是句子复位题，解答此类题型最快捷实用的解题步骤是先定性，再定位。先定性，即先初读文章，根据空处的位置及文意初步判定空处的句子是主题句、结论句还是过渡句或细节句；再定位，即再精读文章，根据上下文语意关系和逻辑关系确定选哪一个选项。考试大纲要求考纲解读给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选择正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。考查考生的逻辑思维能力，也就是对上下文之间、层次之间逻辑关系的判断能力。主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结
2、构以及上下文逻辑的理解和掌握。选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）、注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）。近三年全国卷高考七选五实况分析考试年份试卷名称考查体裁主题语境文章话题篇章词数命题考点设空位置主旨句过渡句细节句段首段中段尾2022全国甲卷说明文人与社会外出用餐礼仪23094023131全国乙卷说明文人与社会维持远距离友谊的方法222831223112021全国甲卷说明文人与自然如何进行旧衣物交换24642113140全国乙卷说明文人与社会在宴会上如何让自己变得有趣238751132212020全国卷说明文人与自我接纳自我的四条建议24034122131全国卷说明文人与社
3、会表情符号在工作中的作用20464113140全国卷说明文人与社会乔迁聚会24879212221观察分析近三年全国高考试题，预测2023年全国高考试题中的七选五试题还会：体裁以说明文和议论文为主（300词左右），适合考查标题概括、主题句和过渡句等。选材特征1.说明文依然占主流，偶有涉及记叙文。文章题材丰富、广泛，多在“人与自我”和“人与社会”两个主题语境下选择语篇话题，越来越多地涉及一些考生不太熟悉的或与日常生活有一定距离的话题。旨在考查考生在不太熟悉的语境中，综合运用所学语言知识、文化知识和学习策略理解不同类型语篇基本结构的能力。2.语篇文本结构灵活多样，更注重语篇中语意逻辑关系的考查。语篇
4、文本结构由原来的以“总分”或“总分总”结构为主体向以递进式结构为主体转变，语篇逻辑关系相对复杂。选项设置七选五选项的设置兼顾语篇、段落和句间三个方面，选项可分为主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、过渡性句子(文章结构)和细节支撑性句子(上下文逻辑)三类。干扰项往往也从这三方面进行设置，如主旨概括句过于宽泛、以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，细节支撑性句子与上文脱节等，这就对考生提出了更高的要求。考生如果没有厘清文章结构或没有抓住故事线索，就很容易连续出错。高考英语七选五技巧：1、先读懂开头第一句，明白全文中心思想全文的主旨句一般是放在第一句，读懂第一句，基本就能弄清楚这篇文章在讲什
5、么，也就方便后续做题。2、读懂七个选项的主要内容开始做题之前，先要弄懂文章给出的七个句子，明白每一句的主要内容是什么，否则就不好联系上下文进行选择。这要考验学生的词汇量和翻译能力，需要正确翻译七句话的意思。3、分析前后句的关系与内容先翻译出前后句的中文内容，然后开始分析，看前句和后句是什么关系，然后根据两个句子的意思，再结合文章的中心思想，就能够选择出正确的答案。4、借助代入排除法如果遇到拿不准的题，可以暂时放过，不要受到过多干扰，继续做下面的题，一直读完整篇文章。同时也要分析对比相近选项，由于有个别干扰项对正确答案造成较大干扰。这就需要学生耐心分析，认真鉴别，做出正确的判断。七选五容易设置选
6、项处：主题句、总结句、承上启下句1. 如果空在小标题，一般是简洁精炼的短句；小标题与选项段中是否有出现与选项一致的同义词、近义词等，或指示代词，这类多次重复出现的高频词语可以帮助选出正确答案；2. 如果小标题下具体内容挖空，则位置不定，首中尾都有可能，并可能出现单个小标题段落中包含多个选项的情况，不仅需要学生联系上下文，也需要学生具备一定的句子分析能力；3. 句子的逻辑关系，需要找连接词； 也需要注意固定搭配，比如：“somewhile others”、“on one handon the other hand”、for one thing,. for another thing,.等，这类搭
7、配很多，需要在学习中多积累。【典例 1 2023浙江卷一月】With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, its comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.Plan
8、ahead.Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out veryquickly.36But no matter when you travel, its a good idea to make your reservationsat least 90 days inadvance.Use a travel agent.Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-ch
9、eckallthedetails,makesuggestions,andthenhandletheactual reservations.A goodone can sometimes find you discounted tickets.37Then you wont have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for yourmeals.Bring a blanket.When youre riding on trains, you wont be provided with a blanke
10、t for free, even if your trip is an overnight one.38In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quitecold.Arriveearly.Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be adisaster.39Note: The times listed on the schedules are departur
11、etimes, not arrivaltimes.Have fun.40Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the worldunfoldoutsidethewindow.Tocalculateyourspeed asyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofseconds in an hour) by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile (the distance between two mileposts). If it t
12、akes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, youre going 67.92mph.A.Train trips arent for impatienttypes.B.Youll have views from both sides of thetrain.C.The temperature on rail cars is often hard tocontrol.D.Thats particularly true during busy summermonths.E.Youmight have to wait longer than 24 ho
13、urs to catch the nextone.F.Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.G.He may also book you in a sleeping car thats right next to thediner.答案与解析36.D空白前提到大部分长途火车票很快就会售完， 空白后提到“但是，无论你什么时候旅行最好至少提前90天预订你的车票” D 项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此”承上启下选项中的su nonths与空白后 no matter when 相呼应，故D项符合语境37.G根据
14、本段首句Useatrave ayent.以及整段内容可知，作者建议将旅行事务交给一位旅行代办人，他可以帮忙处理一些旅行中遇到的实际问题，例如可以帮忙买到打折票。C项”他也可能帮你订到紧邻餐车的卧铺车厢”符合语境，且与空白后的“这样你就不必为了吃饭在行歌的火车上一天三次穿过好几节车厢了”相呼应38.C空白前提到建议乘客在坐火车时带一条孩子，因为火车上是不会免费提供的，空白后又提到夏天的时候，空调系统可能会导致车厢内很冷。由此可以推断，车厢内的温度忽高忽低，比较难控制，技C项符合语境39. 根据空白前“大部分火车一天只运行一趟，还有一些火车一周只运行三趟，所以错过一趟车可能是一场灾难”可知，如果你
15、没赶上火车，你可能需要很久才能等到下一趟火车，故项符合语境。40.、根据整段内容可知，作者建议通过在火车上看书、织毛线活儿，或者计算火车的运行速度等消遣方式来享受旅途，而能够曾下心来做这些事情的，通常不会是那些缺乏耐心的人，故A项符合语境【典例 2 2022全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. Set a regular dateLong-lasting friendship
16、s share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36 . More isnt always merrierMake sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what
17、method works best for you both. 37 . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. Practise empathy (共情) 38 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. Th
18、e one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. 39 Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simp
19、ly keeping a diary that keeps track of friends birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. Dont rely on technology alone 40 , but long-distance friendships even close ones may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to
20、do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.A. Remember important datesB. Compensate by writing lettersC. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeperD. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to itE. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of co
21、mmunicationF. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social mediaG. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind答案与解析36. D 由本段主题句 Set a regular date 可知这段和时间有关，再根据空前的With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 可知，在繁忙的日程中，挤出时间打电话可能是一个挑战。只有 D 项符合语境，即试
22、着找一个双方都合适的时间，并坚持下去。37. E 空前提到“确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效”，再根据空后介绍的具体的交流方式可推出本空讲的是“朋友需要讨论各自喜欢的交流方式”，E 项符合语境。38. G 根据空后对一段友谊中留下的人和离开的人的描述可知，你可能是离开的那个人，也可能是留下的那个人。remaining，moved 与 G 项中的 left和 left behind 相呼应，符合语境。39. A 本 空 是 对 段 落 主 旨 的 考 查 。 根 据 本 段 的 Anniversaries andbirthdays .，speci
23、al days 以及 keeps track of friends birthdays and otherimportant dates 等关键信息，可知本段讲的是要记住重要的日子，A 项符合语境。40. F 根据本段主题句 Dont rely on technology alone 可知，不要只依赖科技来进行交流，再根据空后的转折“远距离的友谊可能需要更多有意识的努力来维持”可知，本空应该与依赖科技进行交流相关；F 项中的 social media与 technology 相呼应，符合语境，即通过社交媒体很容易产生一种联系感【典例 3 2022新高考全国I卷】Fitness Magazine
24、 recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “Youll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,” while another read: “ 36 ” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.So
25、, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. 37 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.You might think about posting what you are looki
26、ng for on social media, but it probably wont result in a useful response. 38 If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a wee
27、k and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 39 You and your partner will probably have different skills. 40 Over time, both of you will benefit your partner will be able to lift more weights
28、and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. Youll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to
29、be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.答案与解析36. C 本段空白前提到感谢健身搭档的五个理由，其中一个是“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去”，由
30、 while another read 可知，空白处的内容应该是另一个理由，C 选项“如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力”符合题意。37. D 上一段和本段开头提到关于如何找到健身搭档，首先要决定你想从那个人那里得到什么，根据后一句 Or do you just want to be physically fit ?可知 D 选项 Do you want to be a better athlete ? 和它是并列关系，符合题意。38. B 空白后 that person must belong to the same gym 讲的是如果你打算在健身房锻炼，你和健身搭档一定得在同一个健身房，由此
31、可推测出，空白处的内容应该和距离健身搭档远近有关，B 选项“健身搭档通常需要住在附近” 符合语境。39. G 本段开头提到我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上，接下来又对布告的内容做了具体的介绍。作者以自己搭档发布的布告为例，目的是介绍发布告的注意事项，故 G 选项“任何健身搭档的通知都应包括这些信息”符合题意。40. F 空白前作者提到你和你的搭档可能有不同的技能，空白后提到随着时间的推移，你和你的搭档都会受益，可以推断，F 选项“接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作”承上启下，符合语境。【典例 4 2022浙江高考卷】I have a drawer full of letters to Sa
32、nta. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints (提示) on where to buy their presents. _31_Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a
33、purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something; other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. _32_ And when writing doesnt seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.Christmas is a great time of year for child
34、ren to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. _33_ You write “Dear Santa” because you dont know him personally and you want to show him respect._34_ Texting, online messaging, live chats whi
35、le playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time.There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job d
36、one. _35_ This type of writing wont be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.A. It isnt that these young people cant write.B. But it is always purposeful or
37、at least it should be.C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.G. But if this is
38、the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.答案与解析31. D 空前提到“他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他在哪里买礼物”，D项“结果，每年他们都会收到他们想要的礼物”与前文为因果关系，符合语境，故选D。32. B 根据本段主旨句 It has a purpose. 可知，本段与写作目的有关，再根据空前列举的不同写作目的可知，不管出于什么写作目的，但总是有目的的，故B项符合语境。33. E 空前提到“当孩子们为真实的读者和出于真实的目的写作时，他们就会选择相应的话语”，空后提到“你写亲爱的圣诞老人是因为你本人
39、不认识他，你想向他表示尊重”，由此可以推断，E选项 You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. 与空后一句共同作为前一句的例证，符合语境。34. F 根据空后“短信、在线消息、玩游戏时的实时聊天，都意味着他们在不断使用书面信息交流”可知，现在年轻人写的东西比以前更多了，选项F中的 young people 与空后的 they 相呼应，其中的 writing 也与空后的written messages 呼应，符合语境。35. G 根据空前 There is nothing wrong with the job done.
40、 可知，非正式的写作方式没有问题，再根据空后“这是一种不会得到学校考官奖励的写作方式，也不会得到未来雇主或潜在客户的奖励”可知，本空应该与上文为转折关系，从而连接下文，故G项符合语境。（2022届高三年级南京市、盐城市第二次模拟考试）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。When Failure Is a Good ThingFailure is an important process you can learn from. 36 Most people view failure as something that should be avoid
41、ed at all costs. 37 It may have been an “F” we received on a paper or the high expectations our parents placed upon our shoulders that stopped us from trying.Award-winning psychologist and author, Ron Friedman, tells the story of how Sara Blakely, founder of Spanx, revolutionized the womens clothing
42、 industry and became a billionaire in his book, The Best Place To Work: The Art and Science of Creating an Extraordinary Workplace. 38 She had zero experience in the clothing industry, lacked an education in business and raised only $5,000 to invest. When asked where she found the courage, she gave
43、all credit to her dad. While most parents ask their kids, “How was your day? when sitting down for dinner, Saras parents asked her and her brother, “What did you fail at today?” each and every night.When interviewed by CNNs Anderson Cooper, Sara said, “Instead of failure being the outcome, failure b
44、ecame not trying. It forced me at a young age to want to push myself so much further out of my comfort zone.” 39 It became more about learning and less about a personal weakness.If we view failure as weakness, we avoid stepping out of our comfort zone. 40 It does not define us, but instead matures u
45、s. I m sure that there are many risks we would all take in our personal, professional and spiritual lives if we could get past a fear of failure.What has been the greatest lesson you have learned when taking a chance? Please share with us.A. And, most importantly, it means you tried.B. Lets take a l
46、ook at how Sara faced failures.C. In reality, Saras father had re-defined failure.D. Early on, Sara overcame a series of difficulties.E. Instead, we must remind ourselves that failure is an action.F. It is important to reflect on what can be learnt from failure.G. We tend to connect failure with a b
47、ad experience we had as a child.【答案】36. A37. G38. D39. C40. E【解析】文章讲述了Spanx的创始人Sara Blakely的故事来告诉我们该如何对待失败。Sara Blakely的父亲重新定义了失败，他让孩子明白，失败并不是最终结果，而只是缺乏尝试。失败没有定义我们，而是让我们成长，让我们脱离舒适区并变成一个更优秀的人。失败是一件好事，文章难度中等。第36题 A 前一句说，失败是一个重要的过程，你可以从这个过程中学到很多。选项A，更重要的是，它意味着你尝试了。本题可能错选F，但是注意，F选项的意思和A选项重复了，F选项说从失败中反思很重要；此外，A项更切合主题，失败并非结果，而是