《[精选]网络工程师-6-管理网络设备32740.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《[精选]网络工程师-6-管理网络设备32740.pptx（41页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-1Chapter 6管理网络环境管理网络环境 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-2CDPCDP协议协议协议协议（Cisco Discovery Protocol Cisco Discovery Protocol ）Cisco私有协议可通告直连的私有协议可通告直连的 Cisco 设备。如：设备。如：switches,routers,and other。CDP 与上层协议无关与上层协议无关 物理介质支持物理介质支持SNAP封装封装Upper-Layer Entry AddressesCisco Proprietar
2、yData-Link ProtocolMedia Supporting SNAPTCP/IPNovell IPXCDP discovers and shows information about directly connected Cisco devicesATMOthersLANsFrameRelayAppleTalkOthers 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-3Runs on routers with Cisco IOS 10.3 or later and Cisco switches and hubsSummary information includes:
3、设备标识设备标识地址列表地址列表接口标识接口标识设备类型设备类型 CDPshow cdpCDPCDP通过通过通过通过 CDP CDP 发现邻居发现邻居发现邻居发现邻居 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-4使用使用使用使用 CDPCDPSwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA10.3.3.210.3.3.110.1.1.110.1.1.210.2.2.110.2.2.2S0S1RouterA#sh cdp?entry Information for specific neighbor entry interface CDP interface status
4、 and configuration neighbors CDP neighbor entries traffic CDP statistics RouterA(config)#no cdp run RouterA(config)#interface serial0 RouterA(config-if)#no cdp enable 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-5SwitchA also provides its Mac addressshow cdp neighborshow cdp neighbor Command CommandRouterA#sh cdp n
5、eighborsCapability Codes:R-Router,T-Trans Bridge,B-Source Route Bridge S-Switch,H-Host,I-IGMP,r-RepeaterDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDRouterB Ser 0 148 R 2522 Ser 1SwitchA0050BD855780 Eth 0 167 T S 1900 2 SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA10.3.3.210.3.3.110.1.1.110.1.1.210.2.2
6、.110.2.2.2S0S1 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-6show cdp entryshow cdp entry Command CommandRouterA#sh cdp entry*-Device ID:RouterB Entry address(es):IP address:10.1.1.2 Platform:cisco 2522,Capabilities:Router Interface:Serial0,Port ID(outgoing port):Serial1Holdtime:168 secVersion:Cisco Internetwork Op
7、erating System Software IOS(tm)2500 Software(C2500-JS-L),Version 12.0(3),RELEASE SOFTWARE(fci)Copyright(c)1986-1999 by cisco Systems,Inc.Compiled Mon 08-Feb-99 18:18 by phanguyeSwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA10.3.3.210.3.3.110.1.1.110.1.1.210.2.2.110.2.2.2S0S1 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-7其它其它其它其它CDP
8、CommandsCDP CommandsRouterA#sh cdp trafficCDP counters:Packets output:56,Input:38Hdr syntax:0,Chksum error:0,Encaps failed:3No memory:0,Invalid packet:0,Fragmented:0RouterA#sh cdp interface BRI0 is administratively down,line protocol is down Encapsulation HDLC Sending CDP packets every 60 seconds Ho
9、ldtime is 180 secondsSwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA10.3.3.210.3.3.110.1.1.110.1.1.210.2.2.110.2.2.2S0S1 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-8使用使用使用使用TelnetTelnet命令连接远程设备命令连接远程设备命令连接远程设备命令连接远程设备Remote deviceSwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA10.3.3.210.3.3.110.1.1.110.1.1.210.2.2.110.2.2.2S0S1RouterA#telnet 10.2.2.2
10、 Trying 10.2.2.2.Open-Catalyst 1900 Management ConsoleCopyright(c)Cisco Systems,Inc.1993-1998All rights reserved.Enterprise Edition SoftwareEthernet Address:00-90-86-73-33-40PCA Number:73-2239-06PCA Serial Number:FAA02359H8KModel Number:WS-C1924-ENSystem Serial Number:FAA0237X0FQ.SwitchB 1999,Cisco
11、Systems,Inc.ICND5-9查看查看查看查看TelnetTelnet连接连接连接连接SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA10.3.3.210.3.3.110.1.1.110.1.1.210.2.2.110.2.2.2S0S1RouterA#sh sessionConn Host Address Byte Idle Conn Name 1 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 0 1 10.1.1.2*2 10.3.3.2 10.3.3.2 0 0 10.3.3.2RouterA#sh user Line User Host(s)Idle Location*0 con
12、 0 10.1.1.2 3 10.3.3.2 2 11 vty 0 idle 1 10.1.1.2 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-10挂起挂起挂起挂起 Telnet Telnet 会话会话会话会话SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA10.3.3.210.3.3.110.1.1.110.1.1.210.2.2.110.2.2.2S0S1RouterB#xRouterA#sh sessionConn Host Address Byte Idle Conn Name 1 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 0 1 10.1.1.2RouterA#res
13、ume 1RouterB#1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-11RouterA#disconnect Closing connection to 10.3.3.2 confirmRouterA#clear line 11confirm OK关闭关闭关闭关闭 TelnetTelnet会话会话会话会话Closing a session opened by a remote deviceClosing the current session opened by youSwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA10.3.3.210.3.3.110.1.1.110.
14、1.1.210.2.2.110.2.2.2S0S1 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-12pingping and and tracetrace 命令命令命令命令 Test connectivity and path to a remote deviceRouter#ping 10.1.1.10 Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5,100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.10,timeout is 2 seconds:!Success rate is 100 percent(5/5),round-trip
15、min/avg/max=4/4/4 msRouter#trace 10.1.1.10 Type escape sequence to abort.Tracing the route to 10.1.1.10 1 10.1.1.10 4 msec 4 msec 4 msecRouter#1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-13Cisco Router Cisco Router 启动过程启动过程启动过程启动过程加电自检加电自检(POST)导入并运行导入并运行 bootstrap 代码代码寻找寻找 IOS加载加载 IOS寻找配置文件寻找配置文件configuration加载配置
16、文件加载配置文件configuration运行运行 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-14Router Router 内部组件内部组件内部组件内部组件RAMConfig registerROMFlashNVRAMInterfaces 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-15ROM FunctionsROM FunctionsROMContains microcode for basic functionsBootstrapMini IOSROMmonitorPOSTshow versionConsole 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc
17、.ICND5-16查找查找查找查找 IOSIOSFlashshowversionshow startup-configIOSOrder of search:1.Check configuration register 2.Parse config in NVRAM3.Default to first file in Flash4.Attempt net boot5.RXBOOT6.ROMMONConsoleConfig registerNVRAM 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-17Router Start-up Flow ChartRouter Start-up F
18、low ChartUse IOS fromFlashAttempt to getIOS from networkUse IOS in ROM(RXBoot mode)Check start-upconfigBoot field=00 x0Boot field=10 x1Boot systemcommands?Config regbit 13=1?5 failures?Valid IOS inFlash?Do whatthey sayRunROM MonitorSTARTYesYesNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoYesSuccess?NoYesUse file fromNetwork
19、Load IOSValid config?Config regbit 6=1?YesNoYes SETUPDIALOG NORMAL START UPCOMPLETENo 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-18查看当前配置寄存器的值查看当前配置寄存器的值查看当前配置寄存器的值查看当前配置寄存器的值wg_ro_a#show versionCisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS(tm)2500 Software(C2500-JS-L),Version 12.0(3),RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)Copy
20、right(c)1986-1999 by cisco Systems,Inc.Compiled Mon 08-Feb-99 18:18 by phanguyeImage text-base:0 x03050C84,data-base:0 x00001000ROM:System Bootstrap,Version 11.0(10c),SOFTWAREBOOTFLASH:3000 Bootstrap Software(IGS-BOOT-R),Version 11.0(10c),RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)wg_ro_a uptime is 20 minutesSystem resta
21、rted by reloadSystem image file is flash:c2500-js-l_120-3.bin-More-Configuration register is 0 x2102Configuration register value in show version 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-19配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值Configuration register bits 3,2,1,and 0 set boot optionRouter#configure terminalRouter(config)#c
22、onfig-register 0 x2102Ctrl-ZRouter#reload 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-20配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值Configuration register bits 3,2,1,and 0 set boot optionConfiguration Register Boot Field Value0 x0MeaningUse ROM monitor mode(Manually boot using the b command)Router#configure terminalRouter(config)
23、#config-register 0 x2102Ctrl-ZRouter#reload 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-21配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值Configuration register bits 3,2,1,and 0 set boot optionConfiguration Register Boot Field Value0 x00 x1MeaningUse ROM monitor mode(Manually boot using the b command)Automatically boot from ROM(Provi
24、des IOS subset)Router#configure terminalRouter(config)#config-register 0 x2102Ctrl-ZRouter#reload 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-22Configuration register bits 3,2,1,and 0 set boot optionCheck configuration register value with show version配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值配置寄存器的值Configuration Register Boot Field Va
25、lue0 x00 x2 to 0 xF0 x1MeaningUse ROM monitor mode(Manually boot using the b command)Examine NVRAM for boot system commands(0 x2 default if router has Flash)Automatically boot from ROM(Provides IOS subset)Router#configure terminalRouter(config)#config-register 0 x2102Ctrl-ZRouter#reload 1999,Cisco S
26、ystems,Inc.ICND5-23Loading the IOS from FlashLoading the IOS from FlashFlashIOSIOSshow flashFlash file is decompressed into RAMConsoleRAM 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-24show flashshow flash Command Commandwg_ro_a#sh flash System flash directory:File Length Name/status 1 10084696 c2500-js-l_120-3.bin
27、 10084760 bytes used,6692456 available,16777216 total16384K bytes of processor board System flash(Read ONLY)1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-25Loading the ConfigurationLoading the ConfigurationConsoleIOSSetup utilityshowstartup-configshowrunning-configLoad and execute config from NVRAMIf no config in NV
28、RAM,enter setup modeConfigConfigRAMNVRAM 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-26show runningshow running and and show show startupstartup Commands Commandswg_ro_c#show startup-configUsing 1359 out of 32762 bytes!version 12.0!-More-wg_ro_c#show running-configBuilding configuration.Current configuration:!vers
29、ion 12.0!-More-In NVRAMIn RAMDisplay current and saved configuration 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-27修改配置修改配置修改配置修改配置ConfigConfigRAMNVRAMNVRAMcopy running startupcopy startup running(合并合并)1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-28修改配置修改配置修改配置修改配置ConfigConfigRAMNVRAMNVRAMTerminalcopy running startupcopy startup
30、running(合并合并)config term(合并合并)1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-29ConfigConfigConsoleRAMNVRAMNVRAMTerminalTFTP servercopy running startupcopy startup running(合并合并)TFTPservercopy start tftpcopy tftp startcopy run tftpcopy tftp run(合并合并)config term(合并合并)修改配置修改配置修改配置修改配置 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-30修改配置修
31、改配置修改配置修改配置ConfigConfigConsoleRAMNVRAMNVRAMTerminalTFTP serverErase Startcopy running startupcopy startup running(合并合并)TFTPserverBlank000000000000erasestartconfig term(合并合并)copy tftp run(合并合并)copy tftp startcopy start tftpcopy run tftp 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-31copy run tftp copy run tftp andan
32、d copy tftp run copy tftp run CommandsCommandswg_ro_a#copy running-config tftp Address or name of remote host?10.1.1.1 Destination filename running-config?wgroa.cfg.!1684 bytes copied in 13.300 secs(129 bytes/sec)wg_ro_a#copy tftp running-config Address or name of remote host?10.1.1.1 Source filenam
33、e?wgroa.cfg Destination filename running-config?Accessing tftp:/10.1.1.1/wgroa.cfg.Loading wgroa.cfg from 10.1.1.1(via Ethernet0):!OK-1684/3072 bytes1684 bytes copied in 17.692 secs(99 bytes/sec)1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-32Cisco IOS File Systems and Cisco IOS File Systems and DevicesDevicesRAMNVR
34、AMTFTPserverFlashflash:system:nvram:tftp:1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-33管理管理管理管理 IOS ImagesIOS ImagesNetworkserverFLASHFLASHRouterc2500-js-l_120-3.binNetworkserver 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-34备份备份备份备份IOSIOS的准备工作的准备工作的准备工作的准备工作Check access to the serverRouterNetworkserver 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.IC
35、ND5-35备份备份备份备份IOSIOS的准备工作的准备工作的准备工作的准备工作Check access to the serverCheck space available on the serverRouterNetworkserver 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-36备份备份备份备份IOSIOS的准备工作的准备工作的准备工作的准备工作Check access to the serverCheck space available on the serverCheck file naming conventionRouterc2500-js-l_120-3.bi
36、nNetworkserver 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-37备份备份备份备份IOSIOS的准备工作的准备工作的准备工作的准备工作Routerc2500-js-l_120-3.binNetworkserverCheck access to the serverCheck space available on the serverCheck file naming conventionCreate file on server if required 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-38wg_ro_a#show flashSystem fl
37、ash directory:File Length Name/status 1 10084696 c2500-js-l_120-3.bin 10084760 bytes used,6692456 available,16777216 total16384K bytes of processor board System flash(Read ONLY)验证验证验证验证FlashFlash容量及文件名容量及文件名容量及文件名容量及文件名Verify Flash memory has room for the IOS image 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-39wg_
38、ro_a#copy flash tftpSource filename?c2500-js-l_120-3.binAddress or name of remote host?10.1.1.1Destination filename c2500-js-l_120-3.bin?!10084696 bytes copied in 709.228 secs(14223 bytes/sec)wg_ro_a#备份备份备份备份IOSIOSBack up current files prior to updating FlashNetworkserverFLASHFLASHcopy flash tftp 19
39、99,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-40wg_ro_a#copy tftp flashAddress or name of remote host 10.1.1.1?Source filename?c2500-js-l_120-3.binDestination filename c2500-js-l_120-3.bin?Accessing tftp:/10.1.1.1/c2500-js-l_120-3.bin.Erase flash:before copying?confirmErasing the flash filesystem will remove all files
40、!Continue?confirmErasing device.eeeee(output omitted).erasedErase of flash:completeLoading c2500-js-l_120-3.bin from 10.1.1.1(via Ethernet0):!(output omitted)OK-10084696/20168704 bytesVerifying checksum.OK(0 x9AA0)10084696 bytes copied in 309.108 secs(32636 bytes/sec)wg_ro_a#升级升级升级升级IOSIOSErase Flash occurs before loading new imageNote message that image already existsNetworkserverFLASHFLASH 1999,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICND5-41演讲完毕，谢谢观看！