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1、翻译练习一（英译汉）翻译练习一（英译汉）：一、将下列句子译成汉语：一、将下列句子译成汉语：1.Its more a poem than a picture.2.He drank himself out of the best lines.3.He pretends to be as modest as anything.4.Fire goes wherever it can,but it prefers to follow a draft.5.The room was easily traced by the noise that was coming from it.6.Taking car
2、e to pitch my voice to politeness,I asked about the next busto Hattiesburg.7.If you feel depressed at a social gathering,keep it a secret.8.The bacteria pneumonia may complicate influenza at both extremes ofage.9.He wants a lawyer who understands his case,who sympathizes withhim and who has been the
3、re himself.10.World-famous for his works he was never personally well known,forthroughout his life he avoided publicity.11.She couldnt have come at a better time.12.She has been a widow only six months.13.I believe the speech was needlessly stubborn.14.The Macedonian argument has a Greek dimension t
4、oo.15.The Englishman feels no less deeply than any other nationality.16.From a physical standpoint,there ought to be as many colours asthere are different wave lengths.117.But the next century well be able to alter our DNA radically,encoding our visions and vanities while concocting new life-forms.1
5、8.As a human being,we should demonstrate our intellectual andmoral superiority by respecting others for who they are-insteadof rejecting them for who/what they are not.19.He who idles away the time is nothing but a living death.20.No greater misfortune befalls a country than to be governed by atyran
6、t.21.He had a disconcerting habit of expressing contradictory ideas inrapid succession.22.The expectation of collision informed British frontier policy in thisperiod.23.Every day now,the suppression of truth and the organizing ofpublic ignorance shame journalism.24.I walked to the ticket counter.Whe
7、n the ticket-seller saw me,herotherwise attractive face turned sour,violently so.25.Accident may put a decisive blunderer in the right,but eternaldefeat and miscarriage must attend the man of the best parts,ifcursed with indecision.26.In their rush,these companies have neglected the hardest part ofd
8、oing business in China:the people part.The result is that manyhave jeopardized their performance in the long run.27.Let it deceive them,then,a little longer;it can not deceive them toomuch.28.We shall never get anywhere with all the criticism and fault finding.I2believe in the principle Live and let
9、 live.29.He said that no one could beat him at tennis,but he had to eat hisword after losing several games.30.I had read too many novels and had learned too much at school not toknow a good deal about love.31.In fact,one office-system expert recently said that he had yet toencounter a business work
10、place that was functioning at more than 60percent efficiency.32.Nobody with any sense expects to find the whole truth inadvertisement any more than he expects a man applying for a job todescribe his shortcomings and serious faults.33.There is probably no better way for a foreigner(or an Englishman)t
11、oappreciate the richness and variety of the English language than bystudying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it.34.We are human and human beings are far from perfect.To be humanimplies that we will make mistakes.But its more than that we feelhuman.We now feel entitled.35.She showered us w
12、ith telegrams.36.Your comment is more bravely made than correct.37.The man,more dead than alive,was brought in and locked in thecellar.38.Civility is not a sign of weakness,and sincerity is always subject toproof.39.There was something original,independent,and heroic about the planthat pleased all o
13、f them.340.It was a dry,cold hand,and the grip was severe,with more a feelingof bones in it than friendliness.二、将下列语段译成汉语：二、将下列语段译成汉语：1.1.Transplant surgeons work miracles.They take organs from one bodyand integrate them into another,granting the lucky recipient a longer,better life.Sadly,every year
14、 thousands of other people are less fortunate,dying while they wait for suitable organs to be found.The terribleconstraint on organ transplantation is that every life extended depends onthe death of someone young enough and healthy enough to have organsworth transplanting.Such donors are few.The wai
15、ting lists are long,andgetting longer.2.2.Freedom from this constraint is the dream of every transplantsurgeon.So far attempts to make artificial organs have been disappointing:nature is hard to mimic.Hence the renewed interest in trying to useorgans from animals.3.3.Doctors in India have just annou
16、nced that they have successfullytransplanted a heart from a pig into a person.Pressure to increase thenumber of such xenotransplants（异种器官移植）seems to be growing.InEurope and America,herds of pigs are being specially bred andgenetically engineered for organ donation.During 1996 at least two big4report
17、s on the subject-one in Europe and one in America-werepublished.They agreed that xenotransplants were permissible on ethicalgrounds，and cautiously recommended that they be allowed.AmericasFood and Drug Administration has already published draft guidelines forxenotransplantation.4.4.The ethics of xen
18、otransplantation are relatively unworrying.Peoplealready kill pigs both for food and for sport;killing them to save a humanlife seems,if anything,easier to justify.However,the science ofxenotransplantation is much less straightforward.5.5.Ill never forget the feeling I got one winter night as I walk
19、ed thedeserted streets after many grueling hours at the hospital.I suddenlyrealized that I no longer felt tense or tired.All the worries about mypatients illnesses,as well as my own personal cares,seemed to evaporateas quickly as the smoky vapor of my breath in the frosty night.As Iincorporated walk
20、ing into my schedule,not only weremy spirits lifted,but my weight and blood pressure were gradually reduced.I beganreviewing the medical literature on walking.From this research,and myclinical observations as a family physician,I found that it is possible towalk your way to better health,a trimmer b
21、ody and a longer life-nomatter what your age.5（翻译练习一（翻译练习一英译汉）参考答案：英译汉）参考答案：一、将下列句子译成汉语：一、将下列句子译成汉语：1.与其说那是一幅画，不如说那是一首诗。2.他借酒写得好诗句。3.他装得极为谦虚。4.火是无孔不入的，可是它更爱窜入通风的地方。5.循声而去，便轻而易举地找到了那间屋子。6.我陪着小心，用温和的口吻询问开往哈蒂斯堡下一斑车的情况。7.在社交场合，你就是感到情绪压抑，也不要表露出来。8.患有流感的幼儿和老人可能并发细菌性肺炎。9.他要找一位了解他的案情，同情他的处境，并有过亲身经历的人当他的律师。1
22、0.他的著作举世闻名，而他个人却一直默默无闻，因为他一生始终避免抛头露面。11.她来得正是时候。12.她的丈夫去世至今不过半年。13.我认为那篇讲话口气强硬，大可不必。14.马其顿之争同希腊也有关系。15.英国人同其他民族一样，也有丰富的感情。16.从物理学的观点来看，不同的波长有多少种，颜色就有多少种。17.但下个世纪我们将能根本改变DNA，能在构建新的生命时把我们的种种想象、种种出于虚荣的要求，都编入遗传密码。18.作为人，我们应该不问他人的身份如何都尊重他们，从而显示出自己高超的智慧和道德，而不要因为他们没有某种身份或地位而去卑视他们。619.虚度年华者，虽生犹死。20.国之大难莫过于暴
23、君当道。21.他有一种习惯让人受不了，意见反复不定，一会儿一个变化。22.英国预计到了将会发生冲突，并据此对这一时期的边境政策作了调整。23.现在，天天都在隐瞒真相，愚弄公众，这种做法是新闻界的耻辱。24.我走到售票台。女售票员一看见我，她那原本颇为动人的脸刷地一沉，变得怒气冲冲。25.出错者若处事果断，仍可意外取得成功；才干出众者若优柔寡断，必然屡屡失误。26这些公司在一拥而入之中忽略了在中国经营最艰巨的问题，即人的问题，结果许多公司严重损害了他们的远期经营业绩。27.那就让这事再骗他们一会儿吧，无论怎样骗他们都不算过分。28.这一套批评挑剔的做法是行不通的。我相信“互相容忍”的原则。29.
24、他说打网球没人打得过他，但输了几场之后，他只好承认自己说错了。30.我读过很多小说，在学校里所见所闻也不少，对于爱情自然就知道得很多。31.事实上，有位办公制度专家最近说过，他还没见到过有哪个办公场所的工作效率高于百分之六十。32.有头脑的人谁也不会指望求职者说出自己的缺点和严重过错，同样，也不会指望广告里说的全是真话。33.对于外国人（甚至包括英国人）来说，要欣赏丰富多采的英语，7最好的办法也许就是学习莎士比亚使用英语的各种方法。34.我们是凡人，而凡人远非十全十美。作为凡人就是说我们会犯错误。但是，我们觉得自己是凡人不仅仅由于我们会犯错误。我们如今感到有权利犯错误。35.她的电报纷至沓来。
25、36.你的评论勇敢有余，正确不足。37.那人被半死不活地带进地窖关了起来。38.谦恭不是软弱，真诚总须凭据。39.这个方案富于创造性，独出心裁，很有魄力，所以他们都很满意。40.那是一只干瘪冰冷的手，紧紧的一握，只让人觉得摸到一把骨头，并没有感受到什么友情。二、将下列语段译成汉语：二、将下列语段译成汉语：1.器官移植医生身手不凡。他们从一人体内取出器官移植到另一人体内，让幸运的器官接受者延长寿命改善生活。可惜的是，每年还有成千上万的人却没有那么幸运，他们等不及找到合适的器官就死去了。器官移植的最大制约是，每延长一个人的生命一定要有另一个人的死亡，而且这个人必须年青健康其器官具有移植价值。这样的
26、器官供体很少，而等待移植的人数却很多，而且越来越多。2.解除这种制约是每个器官移植医生的希望。迄今为止，制作人造器官的种种努力结果不尽人意，因为天地间万物很难仿造。于是，人们又对设法利用动物器官产生了兴趣。83.印度的医生刚宣布一条消息，他们把猪的心脏移植于人体已经取得成功。看来人们越来越迫切要求增加这种异体器官的移植。欧洲和美国正在专门培育大批的猪经遗传工程处理后用于提供器官。1996 年这一课题至少发表了两篇重要报告，一篇在欧洲，一篇在美国。两篇报告一致认为异种器官移植在伦理上是可行的，并审慎地建议应准予施行。美国的食品和药物管理局已经公布了异种器官移植的管理原则草案。4.异种器官移植的伦
27、理问题相对来说不用操心。人们为了食用和娱乐已经在杀猪了，看来杀诸为了救人一命怎么说也更容易证明是合情合理的。然而，异种器官移植科学远非如此简单。5.5.一个冬夜，经过了医院里好几个小时精疲力竭的工作后我漫步在空旷无人的大街上，那种感觉永远都无法忘却。我一下子发现自己不再感到紧张疲劳。什么病人的病情、个人的烦恼，似乎就像寒夜中呼出的热气，一下子都烟消云散了，我把散步纳入了每天的日程，不仅精神振作了，而且体重和血压也逐渐下降了。我开始查阅有关散步的医学文献。通过研究，还通过从事家庭保健医生工作中的临床观察，我发现，无论年龄大小，散步都能健身瘦身，延年益寿。9汉英翻译技巧汉英翻译技巧汉英翻译技巧汉英
28、翻译技巧 1 1：合并合并(Combination)(Combination)(1)天气寒冷，河水都结冰了。It was so cold that the river froze.(2)理论必须密切联系实际，这是我们应当牢记的一条原则。That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we shouldalways keep in mind.(3)他在战斗中表现突出，受到连长的表扬。He was commended by the company commander for his distinguishedperform
29、ance in the battle.(4)年满十八岁的公民，都有选举权和被选举权。All citizens who have reached the age of eighteen have the right to voteand to stand for election.(5)当时，友谊商店只对外宾开放，不对中宾开放。At the time the friendship store was exclusively open to foreign visitors.(6)她对自己所取得的成就充满了自豪，这也不是没有道理的。She is justifiably proud of her a
30、chievements.(7)这家小工厂经过技术改造，发展很快，使人感到惊讶不已。This small factory underwent a technological renovation,thus developingwith surprising speed.(8)只要看一眼这封信，你就会明白你上当了。A glance at this letter will convince you that you have been taken in.10(9)看门人惊呆了，喘着粗气，摇摇晃晃地走下楼梯。The janitor staggered down the stairway,stunned
31、 and gasping.(10)还是热，心里可镇定多了。凉风，即使是一点点，给了人们许多希望。（老舍骆驼祥子）It was still hot but everyone felt much better,for the breeze,though slight,brought them hope.汉英翻译技巧汉英翻译技巧 2 2：补偿：补偿(Compensation)(Compensation)1.九州Jiuzhou-a poetic name for China2.八股文Eighth-part essay prescribed for the imperial civil service
32、examinations-known for its rigidity of form and poverty of ideas3.狗咬吕洞宾,不识好人心Like the dog that bit Lu Tungpin-you bite the hand that feeds you.4.猫哭老鼠-假慈悲The cat weeping over the dead mouse-shed crocodile tears.5.苏轼:Su Shi(formerly translated as Su Shih,1037-1101),alias SuDongpo,writer and calligraph
33、er of the Song Dynasty.6.秀才 Xiucai,one who passed the imperial examination at the countylevel in the Ming and Qing Dynasties7.牛郎织女 the Cowherd and the Girl Weaver-two figures in ancientChinese fairy tale(Later it also refers to husband and wife who live far11apart.)8.蓝田人 Lantian Man,ape-man of about
34、 600,000 years ago whosefossil remains were found in Lantian,Shanxi Province in 19649.开绿灯 turn on the green light(provide conveniences for certainaffairs,so that they could proceed smoothly)10.梅雨季节plum rain season(about 1-month rainy season usu.beginning in early summer when plum fruit becomes ripe
35、in the middleand lower reaches of the Yangtze River)or moldy season,a rainy seasonwhen everything goes moldy easily in the said area.汉英翻译技巧汉英翻译技巧 3 3：分译：分译(division)(division)(1)不久，她提着篮子回来了。Very soon she came back,holding a basket in her hand.(2)他拉过一把椅子放在客人背后。He drew up a chair and placed it behind
36、the visitor.(3)周萍一个人从饭厅走上来，望望花园，冷清清的，没有一人。Zhou Ping appears from the dining room.He is alone.He peers out at thegarden.It is silent and deserted.(4)他哼着曲子从山上走下来。He walked down the hill,singing softly to himself.(5)人民的觉悟是不容易的，要去掉人民头脑中的错误思想，需要我们做很多切切实实的工作。The political awakening of the people is not ea
37、sy.It requires muchearnest effort on our part to rid their minds of wrong ideas.12(6)我们的目的一定要达到，我们的目的一定能够达到。Our goal must be attained.Our goal will be attained.(7)我们的革命已经获得全世界广大人民的同情和欢呼，我们的朋友遍于全世界。Our revolution has won the sympathy and acclaim of the people of allcountries.We have friends all over
38、the world.(8)我们恢复和采取这些贸易方式的原因很简单：我们出口商品就是为了满足国外客户消费方面的需要。The reason why we have restored and adopted these trade practices isvery simple.Our export commodities are for the use and consumption ofour foreign customers.(9)这次大会充分发扬了民主，大家心情舒畅，生动活泼；真正开成了一个团结的大会，胜利的大会。The conference has given full expressi
39、on to democracy;the atmospherehas been lively and the delegates have enjoyed ease of mind.Ours hasindeed been a congress of unity,a congress of victory.(10)这些国家的共产党和进步党派，正促使它们的政府和我们做生意，以致建立外交关系，这是善意的，这就是援助。The Communist Parties and progressive groups in these countries areurging their governments to
40、 established trade and even diplomaticrelations with us.This is goodwill,this is help.汉英翻译技巧汉英翻译技巧 4 4：形合：形合(Hypotaxis)(Hypotaxis)1.让壁立的岩石，静静流着的小河，风过处便窃窃私语的树林，都作为自己的亲密邻居。All the company she had were the steep cliffs,the gently flowing stream,and the trees that whispered in the wind.2.汉朝人在宫殿和墓前的石室里，多
41、喜欢绘画或雕刻古来的帝王、孔子的弟子、列士、列女、孝子之类的图。13People of the Han Dynasty liked to have paintings or caved relief ofrulers of old,disciples of Confucius,eminent scholars and ladies andfilial sons in the palaces or the stone chambers before their tombs.3.不必说碧绿的菜畦，光滑的石井栏，高大的皂荚树，紫红的桑椹I need not speak of the green ve
42、getable plots,the slippery stone copinground the well,the tall honey locust tree,or the purple mulberries.4.尽着他的腿的力量走了一天，问了一天，没有消息。As long as his legs would move he walked on,asking,but by the end ofthe day he still had no news.5.七股大水，从水库的桥孔跃出，仿佛七幅闪光黄锦，直铺下去，碰着嶙峋的乱石，激起一片雪白水珠，脱线一般，撒在洄漩的水面。Seven torren
43、ts were rushing through the archways of the bridge likeseven glittering rolls of cloth of gold cascading on to the jagged rocksbelow and scattering snow-white bubbles like a string of broken beads onthe swirling water.6.月光如流水一般，静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里，叶子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样；又像笼着轻纱的梦Moonlight cascaded like
44、 water over the locus leaves and flowers,and alight blue mist floating up from the pool made them seem washed in milkor caught in a gauzy dream.7.另一方面，必须用上述材料进行广泛宣传，使人们认识到，自然保护区是保护自然及文化遗产的基本单位，它们是在人类进步里程中长期斗争中形成的，对经济建设有着重要的作用。On the other hand,it is necessary to carry on the extensive publicity,enab
45、ling the public to know that the protected areas are the basic unit ofthe management of the natural and cultural heritages which are formed inthe struggle process against the nature by human beings and will play animportant role in the economic construction.148.为保护海洋环境，促进海洋经济发展，必须提高对海洋环境监测的认识，增加投入，加
46、强热点海域的监测，减少海洋的损失，加强海洋生物监测，避免潜伏的海洋灾害发生。In order to promote the development of sustainable marine economy andconserve marine environment,we should pay greatattention toreinforcing awareness of marine environmental monitoring,increasinginvestment and strengthening the monitoring in hot spots as well as
47、biological monitoring to avoid marine calamity.9.饭菜虽然简单，但别有一番风味，屋外一团漆黑，穿过松林的风发出如火车的轰鸣声，我们在摇曳不定的煤油灯下豪情与老人干杯。When we enjoyed the simple but tasty food and drank cheerful toasts withthe old man under the flickering oil-lamp,darkness reigned the outsideworld where the wind was thundering through the pin
48、ewood like a train.10.仍像往常一样，把晴美的阳光抹上满峡的树林，叫带露的树叶都亮得耀人的眼睛。Just as on any other day,themorning sun spread its fine light over thewooded valley,till the dewy leaves and grass glistened with a dazzlingbrightness.汉英翻译技巧汉英翻译技巧 5 5：音译：音译(transliteration)(transliteration)1.胡同：hutong2.饺子：jiaozi3.武术：wushu4.普
49、通话：putonghua5.旗袍：qipao6.上海：Shanghai（以上 6 例皆可作为标准汉音的例子。）7.豆腐：tofu8.功夫：gongfu9.乒乓：ping-pong10.炒面：chow mien(以上例 8-10 也可作为回译 EC 部分的例子)15汉英翻译技巧汉英翻译技巧 6 6：习语：习语(Translation of Idioms)(Translation of Idioms)直译直译(1)男男女女都七嘴八舌地说出他们的惦记和盼念。With seven mouths and eight tongues,all were talking together.Theytried
50、to tell how they had missed him.(2)亡羊补牢 to mend the fold after a sheep is lost直译加注直译加注(3)司马昭之心，已是路人皆知。This Sima Zhao trick is obvious to every man in the street.(Sima zhao was a prime minister of Wei(220-265)who nursed a secretambition to usurp the throne.The emperor once remarked:Sima Zhaosintentio