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1、写作常用句型与过渡词语【常见开篇句】1)With the rapid improvement in./growing awareness of.,more and more./sth.I随着的飞速发展/越来越多的关注，越来越(e.g.With the considerable improvement in building industry,more and more structuresare being erected to set the people*s minds at ease.)例：随着建筑业的大力推进，人们对建立越来越多的房屋建筑感到宽心。2)Recently,sth./the
2、 problem of.has been brought to popular attention/has becomethe focus of public concern.2近来，某事/某问题引起了人们的普遍关注/成了公众关注的焦点。(e.g.Recently,the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attentionthat governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.)例：近来失业问题引起了人们的普遍关注，各级政
3、府已把它列为首要议程。3)One of the universal issues we are faced with/that cause increasing concern is that.3我们面临的一个普遍问题是/一个越来越引人关注的普遍问题是(e.g.One of the universal issues that draw(cause)growing concern is whether it iswise of man to have invented the automobile.)例：一个越来越引人关注的普遍问题是，发明汽车是否为人4)In the past few year
4、s,there has been a boom/sharp growth/decline in.4在过去的几年里，经历了突飞猛进/迅猛增长/下降。(e.g.In the past ten years,there has been a sharp decline in the number of species.)例：在过去的几年里，物种数量骤然下降。5)Nowadays,more/most important/dangerous for our society is.5如今对我们社会更(最)为重要的(危险的)事情是(e.g.Nowadays,most dangerous for our soc
5、iety is the tendency to take advantage ofeach other in political circles.)例：对我们社会最为危险的事情是政界倾向于互相利用。6)According to the information given in the table/graph,we can find that.6根据图表资料，我们可以发现7)As can be seen from the table/graph/figure,there is a marked increase/decline/favorable(an unfavorable)change in
6、.7根据图表(数字)显示，明显增长(下降)/发生了有利(不利)变化。8)As we can see from the table/graph/figure above,drastic/considerab 1 e/great changeshave taken place in.over the period of time from.(年份)to (年份)8据上面图表(数字)所示，从某年到某年某方面发生了剧烈的(相当大的；巨大的)变化。9)The table/graph shows that there is a(n)declining/increasing trend of.from.(年
7、份)to.(年份)9图表显示，从某年到某年某方面有下降(增长)的趋势。10)Anyone who takes a closer look at the data in the table/graph can be surprisedto find that.1 0任何人只要仔细看一看图表中的资料就会惊讶地发现1 1)I t i s a tr a d i ti o n a l p r a c ti c e to.i n o u r s o c i e ty.1 1在我们的社会里是一个传统的做法。(e.g.I t i s a tr a d i ti o n a l p r a c ti c e f
8、 o r y o u n g p e o p l e to b e f i n a n c i a l l y d e p e n d e n t o nth e i r p a r e n ts f o r a n y th i n g l i k e m a r r i a g e a n d h o u s i n g.)例：象婚姻和住房这些方面，年轻人在经济卜.依赖于他们的父母，是属于传统的做法。1 2)I t h a s l o n g b e e n c o n s i d e r e d o n l y r i g h t a n d p r o p e r to.(i n C
9、h i n a.)1 2 (在中国)长期以来被视为是理所应该的。(e.g.I t h a s l o n g b e e n c o n s i d e r e d o n l y r i g h t a n d p r o p e r/p e r f e c tl y j u s ti f i e d f o r th eo l d to a s s u m e f u l l r e s p o n s i b i l i ty f o r th e g r o w th o f th e y o u n g.)例：上一代为下一代的成长承担完全的责任，长期以来被视为是理所应该的(完全合理的
10、)1 3)A s th i n g s u s u a l l y g o a g a i n s t s b.*s w i l l,h i s o r i g i n a l i n te n ti o n w a s to.13往往事与愿违，他本来的目的是要(e.g.A s th i n g s u s u a l l y g o a g a i n s t m a n s w i l l,h i s o r i g i n a l i n te n ti o n w a s to c h a n g eth e w a y p e o p l e l i ve d b y i n ve
11、n ti n g th e i n te r n a l c o m b u s ti o n e n g i n e.I n d e e d,i ts b i r thh a s g r e a tl y e n h a n c e d th e i r e n j o y m e n t o f l i f e,e s p e c i a l l y i n tr a ve l i n g a n d tr a n s p o r ti n g.B u t i ts d a r k s i d e i s p r e s e n ti n g a g r o w i n g w o r r
12、 y to o u r s o c i e ty.)例：往往事与愿违，他本来的目的是要通过发明内燃发动机来改变人们的生活方式。这种内燃机的诞生确实大大地方便了人们的生活、尤其是旅行和运输。但其不利的一面却给我们社会带来了越来越多的忧虑。14)T h e cu r r e n t s i t u at i o n o f.,i f appr o ach e d f r o m t h e o ppo s i t e an g l e,r e v e al s t h at.1 4如果从对立的角度来看，的当前形势显示(e.g.T h e cu r r e n t s i t u at i o n
13、o f o u r r e f o r m s i s po l i t i cal s t r u ct u r e,i f appr o ach e d f r o mt h e o ppo s i t e an g l e,r e v e al s t h at m u ch o f t h e ach i e v e m e n t i s f ar f r o m s at i s f act o r y.Fo re x am pl e,.B u t.)例：如果从对立的角度来看，政治体制改革的当前形势显示，其成就远不如人意。例如，但是15)E v e r y t h i n g ab
14、o u t.s e e m s (n o t)t o be g e t t i n g o n s m o o t h l y/j u s t as o n e w i s h e s i n.1 5关于似乎一切进展顺利(正如某人的意愿发展)。(e.g.E v e r y t h i n g abo u t t h e e co n o m i c r e f o r m s e e m s t o be g e t t i n g o n j u s t as o u r g o v e r n m e n tw i s h e s i n C h i n a.)例：中国经济改革的形势似乎正
15、朝着政府所期望的方向发展。16)T o s b.*s m i n d/I n s b.*s e y e (s),s t h.s e e m s/m e an s.16 在某人看来，某事似乎(意味着)(e.g.I n t h e e y e s o f t h e pu bl i c,o f f i ci al co r r u pt i o n m e an s t ak i n g br i be s,.B u t s u chco r r u pt i o n co m e s i n m an y d i f f e r e n t f o r m s.)例：在公众的眼里，官员腐败意味着
16、收受贿赂，但腐败却以许多不同的形式出现。17)No o n e w o u l d d e n y t h at.1 7没有人会否认或:E v e r y o n e w o u l d ag r e e t h at.或：，这一点毫无异议。18)W h e n i t co m e s t o.(s t h.),m o s t pe o pl e (t h e pu bl i c)m ai n t ai n(s)/co n t e n d(s)t h at.1 8说到，大多数人(公众)坚持认为(争辩说)(e.g.When it comes to fake commodities,every
17、consumer has much anger to pour uponthem.)例：说到假货，每一个消费者对他们都有一通怒气要发泄。19)Now it is widely believed that.1 9现在人们普遍认为(e.g.Now it is widely believed that examinations are the best possible measure forthe selection of the qualified.)例：现在人们普遍认为，各种考试是选拔合格人才的最佳手段。20)A public debate has arisen as to/over/conc
18、erning.2 0关于公众就此展开了一场辩论。(e.g.A public debate has arisen as to whether one should step forward bravely in theevent of crime.)例：当有人犯罪时，一个人是否应当勇敢地站出来制止，公众就此展开了一场讨论。21)All that sth.has done for our society seems like a big step forward in theright/wrong direction,but it has also brought along with it a
19、great worry/benefitto.(the average people.)(sth.:cloning,the reform in managerial structures,etc.)21 某事物(如克隆、经营管理机构改革等)对于我们的社会似乎在正确(错误)的方向走出了一大步，但同时也给普通大众带来了极大的忧虑(好处)。22)The birth/invention of.has made an enormous/essential difference to.But itdoes not mean that.,2 2的 诞 生(发 明)对 产生了巨大的(重要的)影响，但这并不意味着
20、(e.g.The birth of the computer has made a radical difference to the human progress.Butit does not mean that this wonder does no threat to our society.)例：计算机的诞生对人类进步产生了极其重大的影响，但这并不意味着这一创举不会威胁到我们的社会。23)Sth.has changed the way our society develops.But its bright side should notkeep us from following cl
21、osely its dark side.(sth.:the genetic engineering,etc.)2 3事物(如生物工程等)改变了我们社会发展的道路但其好的一面不应使我们同时受其坏的一面的影响。24)Things about.are going on to our advantage,but a long cool look at.revealsthat.2 4正朝着对我们有利的方向发展(e.g.Things about the reform in state enterprises are not going on to the most workers1advantage.Bu
22、t a long cool look at this move reveals that it will produce somesubstantial benefits to our nation in a long run.)例：国企改革有悖于大多数工人的利益但如果认真冷静地来看待这一举措，从长远来看，它将给国家带来一些巨大的好处。25)No/Little doubt that.But.2 5毫无疑问但是(e.g.There is Little doubt that the traditional schooling has contributed muchto o ur s o c ia
23、 l d evel o p m en t.But s o m e gr a ve d efec ts in it b egin to s ta n d o ut a ga in s tthe m o d er n tim es.)例：毫无疑问，传统教育为我们的社会发展作出了很大的贡献但传统教育的一些严重缺陷与我们的时代相抵触。26)W ha t d o es s th.m ea n?2 6这(某事物)意味着什么呢？27)H o w/W hy d o es s th.a ffec t o ur l ife?2 7某事物是如何影响我们的生活的呢(为什么会影响我们的生活呢)？28)W ha t is
24、 it l ik e to d o.?28 是怎样(一种情况)呢？(e.g.W ha t is it l ik e to ha ve l o s t a l l c o n fid en c e in o n es el f?)例：一个人完全失去自信是怎样一种情况呢？29)W ha t wo ul d o ur s o c iety b e l ik e if ther e wer e n o.?2 9如果没有，那我们的社会会怎样呢？(e.g.W ha t wo ul d o ur s o c iety b e l ik e if ther e wer e n o p ub l ic m o
25、r a l s?)例：如果没有公共道德，那我们的社会会怎样呢？30)S ho ul d we p ut s th.a b o ve s th.el s e?3 0我们是否可以将A置于B之上呢？或：S ho ul d we a tta c h a s m uc h weight to A a s to B?或：我们是否可以对A和B同等重视呢？(e.g.S ho ul d we p ut in tel l ec tua l d evel o p m en t a b o ve m o r a l ed uc a tio n?)例：我们是否可以将增长知识置于道德教育之上呢？31)S th.is o
26、ften r efer r ed to a s/d efin ed a s.3 1某事物常常被视为/定义为；人们常常将某事物视为/定义为。(e.g.Co r r up t o ffic ia l s a r e o ften r efer r ed to a s the m o s t d a n ger o us b o r er s in o urgo ver n m en t b o d ies,who a r e n ib b l in g a wa y the hea l thy o r ga n is m o f o ur p a r ty b y d is ho n es tm
27、ea n s.)例：腐败官僚常常被视为我们政府机构中最危险的蛀虫，他们行为不轨，奎噬着我们党的健康肌体。32)(Do in g)S th.is j us t the s a m e a s./is c o m p a r ed to./is l ik en ed to./is l ik e.32(做)某事物就如同/可以比作/类似于/就像。(e.g.L ife in the m id d l e o f m a r r ia ge is o ften c o m p a r ed to wir ewa l k in g,fo r in the ea r l yy ea r s s p o us
28、es a ttr a c t ea c ho ther a n d in l a te y ea r s they n eed ea c h o ther.)例：婚姻生活常被比作走钢丝绳，最初几年里夫妻相互吸引，而往后的岁月里他们则相互需要对方。33)S th.is to.wha t s th.el s e is to.3 3某事物之于就像另一事物之于(e.g.An in d ivid ua l hum a n exis ten c e is to the hum a n s o c iety wha t a r iver is to theo c ea n,s m a l l a n d b
29、 us y r us hin g p a s t r o c k s a t fir s t,b ut gr a d ua l l y gr o win g wid er a n dq uieter un til it b ec o m es m er ged in the o c ea n in the en d.)例：个体自然人的存在之于人类社会就如同河流之于海洋，起初细流跳涌，穿砂过石，然后渐渐变得宽阔而深沉，直到最后汇入大海。34)To/For/With most people/sb.,sth.is/means.3 4对大部分人/某人来说，某事物就是/意味着(e.g.To dishon
30、est people,a friend means a target or an object that is of some useto them at present or in the future.)例：对心怀叵测的人来说，朋友就是一个靶子或者一个目标，在当前或未来有利可图。35)Sth.is the symbol/mark/equivalent of./is symbolic of./is equivalent to.3 5某事物是的象征/标志/对等物相当(等同)于/象征着(e.g.If selling one*s sex is the mark of degeneration,se
31、lling ones power isequivalent to committing crime.)例：如果说出卖肉体是堕落的标志的话，出卖手中的权力就等同于犯罪。36)Suppose/Imagine that./Lets suppose/assume/imagine(that).3 6假设/试想；我们假设/假定/试想(e.g.Suppose,by any chance,you heartily disagree with anything that is going onabout you,you are less likely to stay on the good side of pe
32、ople around you.)例：假设，不管怎样，你自己内心都不认同自己，你就更不可能取得周围人的好感。37)We often find ourselves caught/involved in a dilemma whether.3 7我们常常不知不觉地陷入了一种窘境：是还是呢。(e.g.We often find ourselves caught in a dilemma whether we should reach for the bearspaw or for the shark,s fin/whether to reach for.)例：我们常常不知不觉就陷入了这样一种窘境：我
33、们谋熊掌还是鲨鳍。38)If/In case/In the event that.,it is better to./a better course is to./sb.has no choice/option/alternative but to./all we want to know is ho w.3 8如果/万一/在的情况下，最好/更为妥当/某人将只能，除此以外别无选择/别无他途。/我们只想知道怎样(e.g.In the event that you fall in a love river,all we want to know is how you willswim in it,
34、as you are no longer a fisherman.)例：万一你坠入爱河，我们只想知道你会怎样在里面游走，因为你已经不再是渔夫了。39)Unfortunately,sth.may affect sbs life to the point where.3 9不幸的是，某事物对人们生活的影响可能达到的地步。(e.g.Unfortunately,the desire to be well thought of affects one,s life to the pointwhere he is reluctant to say no to anyone else regarding a
35、nything.)例：不幸的是，赢得人们好感的愿望对人的生活的影响可能达到他对任何人任何事都不情愿拒绝的地步。40)In our life,there often appears such an occasion when./on which.(或it oftenhappens that.)4 0在我们生活中常常出现这样一种情况/这样一幕，就是当/那就是(或：的现象屡见不鲜)(e.g.In our daily life,there appears such an occasion when we drink success to ourwork in one field but,at the
36、same time,begin to do great damage to other fields.)例：在我们“常生活中，往往会出现这样一种情况，就是当我们陶醉于我们工作中某一领域的成功时，同时也开始给其他领域的工作带来损害。4 1)“That is how one of the great minds/scientists/writers remarked on.4 1 ”这就是伟大的思想家/科学家/作家之一对此的评论。(e.g.H a p p i n e s s,l i k e a n o l d f r i e n d,i s i n c l i n e d t o d r o p
37、i n u n e x p e c t e d l y-w h e n y o u r ew o r k i n g h a r d o n s o m e t h i n g e l s e.T h a t i s h o w a f a m o u s w r i t e r o n c e r e m a r k e d o n h a p p i n e s s.)例：“幸福，就像一位老朋友，总是突如其来，出乎意料而你当时正忙碌于另一事情。”这就是一位著名的作家曾经关于幸福的一番评论。4 2)O n e o f t h e g r e a t s o c i o l o g i s t
38、 s/p s y c h o l o g i s t s h a s s a i d:”4 2 一位伟大的社会学家/心理学家曾经说过：“”(e.g.T h e g r e a t c l a ssi c a l b a l l e r i n a A n n a P a v l o v a h a s sa i d:uN o o n e c a n a r r i v e f r o mb e i n g t a l e n t e d a l o n e.G o d g i v e s t a l e n t;w o r k t r a n sf o r m s t a l e n t i
39、n t o g e n i u s.I n o t h e rw o r d s.)例：伟大的女芭蕾舞演员安娜巴甫洛娃曾经说过：“天生禀赋并非某一个人的专利。上帝赐予人们天赋，汗水化天赋为天才。”换句话说，4 3)“.”S u c h i s t h e a c c u r a t e e x p o si t i o n/e x p o su r e o f.f r e q u e n t l y o v e r h e a r d i np u b l i c.4 3 ”这就是对公众中众说纷纭的的深刻揭露。(e.g.P u b l i c m o r a l s a r e d e c l
40、 i n i n g d a y b y d a y S u c h i s t h e c o r r e c t e x p o su r e o f t h ed a r k si d e o f o u r so c i e t y.)例：“公共道德日渐堕落J这就是对我们社会阴暗面的准确揭露。4 4)H o w o f t e n n o w a d a y s w e h e a r su c h r e m a r k s/c o m p l a i n t s/w o r d s a s t h i s“o r “,”!4 4当今，这样的言论/抱怨/话不绝于耳：“”或 者”！(e
41、.g.H o w o f t e n n o w a d a y s w e h e a r su c h c o m p l a i n t s f r o m o f f i c i a l s a s t h i s“I h a v e t o om a n y so c i a l e n g a g e m e n t s t o c a r r y o u t”o r “I h a v e t o o m a n y so c i a l e n g a g e m e n t s t o c a r r yo u t”o r “I h a v e t o b e a r t o
42、o m a n y t i t l e s f o r o u r so c i e t y!D o n t b e m i sl e d b y t h ec o m p l a i n t s o f t h i s k i n d!)例：当今，从官僚层传来这样的怨言不绝于耳：“我要实施的社会事业太多了”或 者“社会各种名号太多，而我们不得不背负起来”！千万不要被诸如此类的怨言所误导！4 5)O n e o f t h e g r e a t m e n o n c e sa i d t h a t.4 5 一位伟人曾经说过，(e.g.A g i f t e d A m e r i c a
43、 n p sy c h o l o g i st o n c e sa i d t h a t i t i s a n i l l u si o n t o b e l i e v e i nt h e S u n d a y-sc h o o l t r u t h m o r e c o m f o r t,m o r e h a p p i n e ss.)例：美国一位天才的心理学家曾经说过，相信教会假L I学校之真理多一点慰藉，多一点快乐乃是一种幻觉。4 6)O n c e i n a n e w sp a p e r/m a g a z i n e,I h i t u p o n t
44、 h e r e p o r t t h a t.4 6我曾在一份报纸/一本杂志上偶尔看到这样一篇报道：(e.g.O n c e i n a n e w sp a p e r,I h i t u p o n t h e n e w s t h a t a q u i c k w i t t e d p o l i c e m a n sp o t t e da su sp e c t*s sp i t t l e i n t h e st r e e t b l o t t e d i t u p a n d r a n a D N A t e st o n i t w h i c h l e
45、 dt o t h e m a n,s a r r e st f o r a m u r d e r.T h i s c a se b e st c o u n t s a s a p r a c t i c a l a p p l i c a t i o no f t h e D N A t e c h n i q u e.)例：我曾在一份报纸上偶尔看到这样一则新闻：一个智谋过人的警察在大街上看见一个嫌疑犯的一团唾沫后将唾沫收集起来，并对它进行DNA测试，最后推断出凶手并将之逮捕。这一案例可以作为阐述DNA技术实际应用的最好的实例。4 7)O n e d a y,I h a p p e n
46、e d t o w i t n e s s t h e i n c i d e n t a s f o l l o w s:.4 7 一天，我碰巧亲眼看见这一事件，过程如下3)According to the recent survey/poll/questionaire/statistics,there is/are.percent of.3 根据最近的调查/投票/问卷调查/统计来看，有百分之(e.g.According to a recent survey made in a certain university,there are 43.8 percentof male students
47、 and 38.3 percent of female students either facing problems withnutrition or having to miss classes because of illness each term.)例：最近在某大学所做的一个调查显示，有43.8%的男生和38.3%的女生面临营养问题或者每期都因病缺课。48)The scientific studies/statistics show/indicate that.4 8科学研究/科学的统计数字显示/表明(e.g.The latest scientific studies show th
48、at,if one*s mind catches hold of somethingand does not let it go,it is useless to argue with the mind in this condition.Thisfinding further confirms that a modern man is apt to get anxious and depressed.)例：最近的科学研究显示，如果人的思想突然把握到某一事物并抓住不放，在这种情况下就算是同它争辩也是徒劳。这一发现进一步证实现代人容易变得焦躁、情绪低落。49)Every weekend sees
49、 sb.go about.4 9某人每个周末都/总是(e.g.Every weekend sees Ms Song,my roommate,wolf down her dinner and hurry out withher boy friend.)例：每个周末，与我同住一室的宋小姐总是狼吞虎咽地吃完晚饭，然后急匆匆地同男朋友出去了。【常见段首句】1)According to/In the opinion(eye)of/From the viewpoint of some(those)people,theissue in question is.1对有些人(那些人)来说/在有些人(那些人)的眼
50、里(看来)/有些人(那些人)认为，某一问题是(e.g.In the opinion of some old people,traditional modes of thought are the touchstoneby which to tell good from bad.)例：在一些老人看来，传统的思维模式是分辨是非的试金石。2)Hit(Confronted/Faced/Seized/Stuck/Haunted/Cursed/Overcome/Infatuated)with.,some people tend to.2碰到的情况(面对/在面前/由于受制于/由于陷入/由于的纠缠/在的征服下