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1、专题1 3 感叹句&反义疑问句&特殊疑问句句感叹句：What a nice picture!How amazing they are!1.w hat引导的感叹句：what后加一个名词或名词短语所构成的感叹句叫what感叹句。基本结构如下：(1)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式+(主语+谓语+其 他 成 分)！如：What a funny story he told me!What an honest girl(she is)!(2)What+形容词+可数名词的复数形式+(主语+谓语+其 他 成 分)！如：What brave soldiers they are in the wa
2、r!What beautiful flowers(they are)!(3)What+形容词+不可数名词+(主语+谓语+其 他 成 分)！如 What fine weather(it is)today!What good news(it is)!注意：该结构是中考的重点考点，需要重点关注。中考中常考的一些不可数名词有neyvs,information,advice,weather,fun,music,traffic,work,food,knowledge,furniture,progress 等。有些不可数名词，如果前面有形容词修饰，要将这些抽象名词具体化，在这些不可数名词前加不定冠词a/an
3、.如：What a great time we had last week!What a heavy rain!2.h ow 引导的感叹句：由how引导的感叹句就叫how感叹句。基本结构如下：H ow+形 容 词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分！如：How tall Yao Ming is!How fast the dragonfly flies in the sky!注意:有时候口语中也用这种结构的缩略形式，即“H ow+形 容 词/副词！。如:How nice!/How fast!这里还要提醒学生注意一下形容词和副词使用的区别。3：中考卷中感叹句主要是以翻译句子的形式来考察的。例一：打断别人说
4、话多没礼貌啊！_ others!【答案】How rude/impolite it is to cut in on例二：比较下面两道题，看看他们有什么不同1.useful information it is for me!A.What an B.How a C.What D.How2.useful information center it is for me!A.What a B.How a C.What D.How【答案】1.C 2.A【解析】第 1题中“11gdi1 1 information”,为名词词组。what引导感叹句后接名词或名词短语，因此先排除B 和D o 又 因 为 info
5、rmation是不可数名词，因此不需要不定冠词，答案选C。第 2 题中“useful information center”,也是名词词组，而词短语中的information是修饰名词center的，所以“useful information center”应看作一个可数名词的词组，因此需要用不定冠词，答案选Ao反义疑问句：反义疑问句是提出情况或看法，问对方是否同意的句子。在中考题中反义疑问句主要在单选题中考察。考点一：反义疑问句的类型1.陈述句部分带有 never,few,little,nothing,nobody,no,none,neither,seldom,hardly,too.to等否
6、含有定意义的词时，此陈述句为否定句，其附加疑问句要用肯定形式。She never tells a lie,does she?He is too young to go to school,is he?注意：陈述句部分带有具否定含义的前缀时，该句不可被认为是否定句，依然是肯定句，疑问句部分仍然用否定形式。如：He looks unhappy today,doesnt he?2.陈述句部分为There be句型时，疑问句部分用be there形式。如：There is a tree in front of our classroom,isnt there?3.陈述句部分的主语是指事或物的不定代词如
7、：something,anything,nothing,everything时，附加疑问句部分的主语用it。如：Something is wrong with the computer,isnt it?4.陈述句部分的主语是指人的不定代词如：somebody(someone),anybody(anyone),nobody(no one),everybody(everyone)时，附加疑问句部分的主语用he或 th ey,这时问句动词的数应和he或 they 一致。如：Everyone has done their best in the game,havent they?5.当陈述句部分的谓语
8、动词是have,has,h ad 时：当have/has/had解释为“拥有”时，附加疑问句用have/has/had或 是 助 动 词 do/does/dido 当have/has/had不解释为“拥有”时，则只能用助动词do/does/did来构成附加疑问句。如：He has a few friends at school,hasnt he/doesnt he?(2)当陈述句的谓语部分由have to 时,附加疑问句用dont/doesnt/didnt。如：They had to get up early,didnt they?(3)当陈述句部分谓语部分有had better时，附加疑问句
9、部分用had。如：Youd better stop talking in class,hadnt you?(4)当 have/has/had用在完成时中，附加疑问句应用have/has/had来构成。如：He hasnt been to Beijing so far,has he?6.陈述句谓语部分有need时：(1)当 need为情态动词时,附加疑问句部分用need。如：We need not do it again,need we?(2)当 need为行为动词时,附加疑问句部分用do/does/did。如:We need to buy a new book,dont we?7.祈使句的反义
10、疑问句：(1)肯定的祈使句：附加疑问句部分用will you或 won*you。(2)否定的祈使句：附加疑问句部分用will you。(3)以 le ts 开头的祈使句，附加问句用shall w e;而以let u s 开头的，则用will you。8.陈述句部分为主从复合句时，疑问句部分的主语通常与主句的主语一致，注意此时主句的主语必须是非第一人称。如：She said she would come tomorrow,didnt she?否定转移的考点：主句的主语若是第一人称，其谓语动词是think,suppose,expect,believe,imagine等词时，反意疑问句须与从句的主、
11、谓语保持一致。但分两种情况：(1)若主句是肯定句，疑问句部分的谓语动词符合“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则。如：We think it is a good idea,isnt it?(2)若主句是否定句，即出现否定前移现象，疑问句部分谓语动词的肯定和否定形式与从句的肯否形式保持一致。如：I dont think he is a good student,is he?9.陈述句部分的谓语是used t o 时，疑问句部分用didnt或 usedrft。如：He used to live in the village,didnt he/usednt he?考点二：反义疑问句的回答对反义疑问句作答时，若答
12、案是肯定的，则 用 yes,后跟肯定形式的简略答句；若答案是否定的，则用 no,后跟否定形式的简略答语。特别注意，当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。-Lucy is very good at skating,isnt she?Yes,she is.（是的，她很擅长。）遵循原则：事实原则。事实确实如此，回答yes；事实不是如此，回答no。They dont work hard,do they?Yes,they d o.（不，他们工作努力）No,they dont（对，他们工作不努力）遵循原则：事实原则。事实确实如此，回答yes；事实不是如此，回答no。例 1 ：Everything seem
13、s all r i g h t,?A.does it B.dont they C.wont it D.doesnt it【答案】D例 J 2：Your brother often disagrees with you,he?.We often have different opinions.A.does;Yes B.doesnt;Yes C.does;No D.doesnt;No【答案】B例 3：She has gone a b r o a d,?一No.She is still teaching us English at our school now.A.is she B.isnt she
14、 C.has she D.hasnt she【答案】D特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词总结疑问句意思用法when什么时间问时间who谁问人whom谁问人whose谁的问主人where在哪里问地点which哪一个问选择why为什么问原因what什么问东西，问做什么事what time什么时间问时间（指具体时刻）what colour什么颜色问颜色what day星期几问星期what date什么日期问具体日期how怎么样问情况，或问什么方式、手段how old多大问年龄how many多少问 数 量（后加可数名词复数形式）how much多少问价钱，问数量（后加不可数名词）how far多远问路程how
15、long多长时间问时间长度how often多经常问频率how soon多快问速度1.-Mr B l a c k,w i l l the parents meeting last?-Its hard to say.Maybe one hour more.how long B.how much C.how far D.how often2.The charities have helped more children with the money people raise.A.Who B.what C.where D.which3.-have you worked here?-For just
16、one month.A.How often B.How long C.How soon D.How much4.will the Jinniu Lake Animal Kingdom be open?Maybe in the second half of this year.（）A.When B.Who C.What D.Where5.did you celebrate the D ragon Boat Festival this year,Tod?一By making rice dumplings with my Chinese friends,A.Where B.When C.How D.
17、Why6.I do,I do it for you.D o not ever doubt that,my boy.A.Whatever B.Wherever C.Whenever D.Whoever7.-will Jenny return to China?-In three days.A.How often B.How soon C.How long D.How far8.-D o you know Grandma is going to visit us?-Next Saturday.She told me on the phone.A.where B.why C.when D.wheth
18、er9.-can you get to the airport?-In about 30 minutes.Fm on the way.A.How soon B.How long C.How much D.How often【答案】ADBAC ABCA链接中考：（2022 宿迁中考）4.clever girl Kitty is!She can come up with some creative ways to finish theproject.A.What B.How a C.How D.What a【答案】D【解析】句意：基蒂是一个多么聪明的女孩啊！她可以想出一些有创意的方法来完成这个项目
19、。考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是单数可数名词girL 符合结构“What+a/an+adj+单数名词+主谓 故 选 D。（2022 扬州中考）5.Tell me,G r a n d ma.i s your favourite person in the whole wide world?一Thats easy!Ifs you!A.What B.Who C.How D.Whom【答案】B【解析】句意：爷爷，告诉我，全世界你最喜欢的人是谁？这很简单。是你！考查特殊疑问词。What什么；Who谁；How怎样；Whom谁。根据you”可知上文询问人，且疑问词在句中作主语，用疑问代词who。故选B。
20、（2022 连云港中考）10.do you play volleyball,Amy?一Three days a week.A.How long B.How soon C.How often D.How much【答案】C【解析】考查特殊疑问词的辨析。根据句子的回答可知询问的是事情发生的频率，所 以 选 择 Howoften,表示“多久一次（2022 无锡中考）2.did the online concert begin?一You didnt miss anything.It has just begun.A.When B.Where C.What D.Why【答案】A【解析】考查特殊疑问词辨析。这里问的是“在线音乐会什么时候开始的？”（2022 泰州中考）6.一 is China Tiangong space station from us?一About 400 kilometers above the earth.A.How much B.How often C.How far D.How long【答案】C【解析】句意：中国天宫空间站离我们有多远？距地球约400公里。考查特殊疑问词。How much多少；How often多久一次；How far多远；How long多长。根据About400 kilometers above the earth.”可知问的是距离，故选 Co