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1、 2023年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷 Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer She
2、et with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new generations of children the customs and values of the parents culture. How people treat newborns, for example, can be indi
3、cative of cultural values. In the United States it is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room that belongs only to the child. This helps to preserve parents privacy and allows the child to get used to having his or her own room, which is seen as a first step toward personal inde
4、pendence. Americans traditionally have held independence and a closely related value, individualism, in high esteem. Parents try to instill these prevailing values in their children. American English expresses these value preferences: children should cut the (umbilical) cord and are encouraged not t
5、o be tied to their mothers apron strings. In the process of their socialization children learn to look out for number one and to stand on their own two feet. Many children are taught at a very early age to make decisions and be responsible for their actions. Often children work for money outside the
6、 home as a first step to establishing autonomy. Nine-or ten-year-old children may deliver newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers (13 to 18 years) may baby-sit neighbors homes in order to earn a few dollar a week. Receiving a weekly allowance at an early age tea
7、ches children to budget their money, preparing them for future financial independence. Many parents believe that managing money helps children learn responsibility as well as appreciate the value of money. 21. According to this passage, the way people treat newborns _. A) is a sign of their customs
8、B) is an indication of their level of knowledge C) symbolizes their social system D) varies from culture to culture 22. The expression, to cut the cord, is used to show that _. A) children dont like their parents B) parents dont feel close to their children C) parents would not like to live together
9、 with their children D) independence from ones family is an important personal goal in USA 23. Children who are tied to the apron strings _. A) are caught in their mothers aprons B) must always wear an apron when they eat C) are very dependent on their mothers D) are independent from their parents 2
10、4. American people often let their children work for money outside the home at a very early age because _. A) children have to earn money to help the family B) they need more money C) they want them to begin establishing autonomy D) children have to save money for future use 25. It can be inferred f
11、rom this passage that _. A) Americans are money lovers B) Americans admire independence C) Americans are good at decision-making D) Americans are all responsible Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Many people believe that the glare from snow causes snowblindness. Yet,
12、 dark glasses or not, they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes, and even snowblindness, when exposed to several hours of snow light. The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow-covered country. Rather, a mans
13、eyes frequently find nothing to focus on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of something to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never stop searching and the eyeballs become sor
14、e and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and more fluid which covers the eyeballs. The fluid covers the eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obscured, and the result is total, even though temporary, snowblindness. Experiments led to the Army
15、to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape. Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight, dark colored objects ahead on which they too can
16、 focus. The men following can then see something. Their gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see, stop scouring the snow-blanketed landscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time, the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or
17、 lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white terrain is overcome. 26. To prevent headache, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare from snow, dark glasses are _. A) indispensable B) useful C) ineffective D) available 27. When the eyes are sore tears are produced to _. A) clear th
18、e vision B) remedy snowblindness C) ease the irritation D) loosen the muscles 28. Snowblindness may be avoided by _. A) concentrating on the solid white terrain B) searching for something to look at in snow-covered terrain C) providing the eyes with something to focus on D) covering the eyeballs wit
19、h fluid 29. The eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache because _. A) tears cover the eyeballs B) the eyes are irritated by blinding sunlight C) the eyes are irritated by blinding snow D) there is nothing to focus on 30. A suitable title for the passage would be _. A) Snowblindness and How to
20、Overcome It B) Natures Cure for Snowblindness C) Soldiers in the Snow D) Snow Vision Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. Until the 1980s, the American homeless population comprised mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact,
21、 a 25-city survey by the U.S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems-both legal
22、and educational-for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers. Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state es
23、timates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis. But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regular
24、ly. One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the throwaway youths who have been cast off their homes. The Elementary School Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do no
25、t stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets. Federal law, the Stewart McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all ho
26、meless children have the right to a free, appropriate education. 31. In 1987, the American homeless population was made up of _. A) older males B) school children C) adults D) both A and B 32. The author implies in the first paragraph that _. A) the homeless population is growing rapidly B) there is
27、 serious shortage of school administrators and teachers C) homeless children often move from place to place D) homeless children usually stay outside schools 33. The National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are _ homeless children. A) 7000,000 B) 350,000 C) 440,000 D) 70,000 34. One
28、part of the homeless population is difficult to count. The reason might be that _. A) homeless children live on the streets B) homeless children have no parents C) the homeless are too young to be counted as children D) the homeless children are not taken as members of their families 35. The aim of
29、the McKinney Act is to _. A) offer education for homeless children B) provide family shelters for homeless children C) reduce the number of homeless children D) estimate the number of homeless population Passage Four Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. If women are mercilessly exp
30、loited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside becau
31、se of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe(衣柜) packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear. Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of
32、 money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on. No one can claim that the fashion indu
33、stry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability(耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as
34、 they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes. When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be dr
35、awn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of womens clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability?
36、 That is for you to decide. 36. Designers and big stores always make money . A) by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry B) because they are capable of predicting new fashions C) by constantly changing the fashions in womens clothing D) because they attach great importance to
37、 quality in womens clothing 37. To the writer, the fact that women alter their old-fashioned dresses is seen as . A) a waste of money B) a waste of time C) an expression of taste D) an expression of creativity 38. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the of cl
38、othing. A) cost B) appearance C) comfort D) suitability 39. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A) New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women. B) The constant changes in womens clothing reflect their strength of character. C) The fa
39、shion industry makes an important contribution to society. D) Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women. 40. By saying the conclusions to be drawn are obvious (Lines 1-2, Para. 4) the writer means that . A) womens inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often
40、laughed at B) women are better able to put up with discomfort C) men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers D) men are more stable and reliable in character Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes) Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices
41、marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 41. They went to make her feel at home. A) out B) about C) out of their way D) their way 42. Many species of animals which o
42、nce lived on the earth are no longer in . A) evidence B) effect C) essence D) existence 43.Chinas first automatic four-color glass printer was by a worker-technician. A) discovered B) recognized C) invented D) revealed 44. When we found out that the village was short of hands for the building of the
43、 reservoir, we all went there to . A) help out B) lend our hands C) give our hands D) their rescue 45. his accent, he must be from the south. A) Concerned B) Determined C) Judging by D) Decided by 46. This middle school is attached a normal college. A) for B) by C) to D) in 47. After a while he to i
44、nform me of the progress of the work. A) set off B) beginning C) began with D) proceeded 48. The peasants supply the workers with food, and the workers supply the peasants with manufactured goods. A) at turn B) on turn C) in turn D) by turns 49. He felt uneasy at the of his mothers illness. A) risk
45、B) cost C) thought D) point 50. Peasants over 80 percent of the Chinese population. A) make B) consist C) are composed D) constitute 51. The reactionary policemen broke and arrested many progressive students. A) out B) into C) in D) off 52. As far as the quality of tones is concerned, this radio-set
46、 is quite . A) up to the standard B) up to no good C) in demand D) well up in 53. The mass of an object is multiplied by the speed of light squared; other words, the speed of light is multiplied by itself. A) by B) for C) in D) with 54. People do not like such persons who are always the way of others. A) on B) by C) in D) get into 55. In Japan men usually have to when they reach the age of 55. A) abandon B) dismiss C) retire D) resig