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1、GCT英语表达能力测试阅读理解课程讲义一、大纲分析及得分策略共 4 篇文章，每篇文章5 个问题。2 分/题。共 40分。文章题材、体裁多样。文章涉及政治、经济、历史、地理、文化、科技、人文、时事等。阅读理解题在整个试卷中是：所占分值比例最大的题目。40分。题量最大的题目。1000左右单词的阅读量（包括题目和选项）时间最紧的题目。21-23分钟的答题时间。得分目标：24-30分二、备战阅读理解所需解决的问题及方法1.阅读速度和理解的准确度之间的平衡满足速度上的要求，实现70%的理解，完成80%题目的正确回答没有必要弄清文章的每一个单词、每一个句子、每一个细节，做到所谓的100%理解；而是在准确把
2、握文章大意的前提下，有的放矢地针对文章后面的提问做出正确的解答。2.面对文中的生词首先，不要让文中注定会出现的生词成为影响你阅读的心理障碍。要知道，出现生词是不可避免的，同时，生词的出现并不意味着一定会影响你对文章的正确理解。其次，要在平时的练习中掌握破解生词的技巧。除了坚持背单词，全面掌握大纲词汇以外，在阅读中遇到生词时还可以采用以下两个技巧，进行解决:A.根据构词法，判断词义。词根、前缀、后缀。平时应注意词根记忆。B.利用生词与上下文的关系。生词不是孤立的、封闭的，它所出现于其中的句子、段落，都会提供很多的暗示和线索，其中最常见的上下文喑示或线索可以概括为如下五种：1）同义词或:重复线索。
3、标志此含义的词有：and,also,moreover,further,or,likewise,in addition,besides,similarly,in fact.The woman found herself in a difficult situation.In fact,her plight was so serious that she decided to gethelp.Children often try to emulate or copy the behavior that they see on television.2)比较/对照线索一个句子可能包含这样一个单词，它
4、与生词具有相反的意义。同时可能在句中阅读到“on the otherhand、however”、“although、“unlike、“yet、but、on the contrary“to the opposite otherwise”“while”等转折语。Some people like to walk quickly home after work,but I prefer to stroll home and look at the store windowsalong the way.My sister is an optimist,while her boyfriend is one
5、 who is always gloomy and expects the worst to happen.3)例释线索 有时会在句中读到表示例释线索的信号词:for example,for instance,such as,to illustrate,inother words,that is to say,the same as。有时则没有这类信号词。Mr.Kelada was the most loquacious man Id ever met.He talked with everyone on the ship,and he alwayshad something to say,n
6、o matter what the topic.4)直接解释的线索The powerful poison was imperceptible when mixed in liquid,that is,it could not be tasted,seen,or smelled.5)经验线索或情境线索It was the first time Nancy had been in the big city.She felt a little apprehensive as she walked out into thestreet,with so many strange faces starin
7、g at her.3.在阅读中学会忽略一些单词，做到在不影响理解的情况下提高阅读速度。阅读专家C.B.Bassin博士研究表明，漏掉30%的非重点单词并不严重妨碍对文章的理解。由于语言的冗余性，有的单词只是结构符号，有的只传达辅助信息。(Once there was)a woman(who)was(greatly)troubled by(her)husband.(He)no longer loved her.(He)neglected her and seemed(to)care little(whether she was)happy(or)sad.三、常规解题技巧通过阅读题目选项确定关键词
8、根据关键词在文中寻找依据句四、常规解题技巧的实际应用Directions:In this part there are passages and one listing,each followed by five questions or unfinishedstatements.For each of them,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the best one and mark youranswer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.20
9、0841-15.Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage:As our van pulled up to the ranch to start a three-month program for troubled boys,we passed acowboy on his horse.Bill was the owner of the ranch.We made eye contact through the dusty window and hewinked at me and touched the brim of his cow
10、boy hat in welcome.All summer long Bill and his ranch-hands taught us to ride horse,chop wood,and round up cattle.We startedto understand the value of working with our hands.Knowing how important it was for boys like me to know thatsomeone believed in them,he trusted us to do the job and do it right
11、.We never let him down.The last day at the ranch,bill pulled me aside and praised me for the work I had done-not only on the ranch,but also on myself.He told me if I ever needed anything 1 could count on him.Four years later,I took him up on that offer.I called him up and asked for a job,I told him
12、how hisconfidence in me had given me the courage to change my life.He offered me a job on the spot.I am proud to saythat each summer I am the one in the ranch to open the gate for a van full of young men who need someone tobelieve in them,so they can learn to believe in themselves.11.The authors fir
13、st impression of Bill was probably hi s.A.seriousness B.friendlinessC.authority D.generosity12.The author implies what the troubled boys needed most wa s.A.strict guidance in proper behaviorB.challenging demand in hard workC.sympathy and tolerance from adultsD.understanding and trust from others13.B
14、y“Four years later,I took him up on that offer”(Para 4),the author means t ha t.A.he admired Bill for that offerB.he offered Bill help in returnC.he accepted BilEs offerD.he remembered Bilfs offer14.The authors pride comes from the fact t hat.A.he has become the owner of the ranchB.he has earned com
15、plete trust from BillC.he has found a way to support himselfD.he has been able to offer help to others15.Through his own experience,the author tries to tell us something important in_A.interpersonal relationshipB.off-campus educationC.career selectionD.self-discipline2007-11-15.Questions 11-15 are b
16、ased on the following passage：A mother dolphin（海豚）chats with her baby over the telephone!They were in separate tanks connected bya special underwater audio link.4tIt seemed clear that they knew who they were talking with，says Don White,whose Project Delphis ran the experiment.But what were they sayi
17、ng?Scientists think dolphins talk”about everything from basic facts like their age to their emotional state.Ispeculate that they say things like there are some good fish over here/or watch out for that shark because heshunting.says Denise Herzing,who studies dolphins in the Bahamas.Deciphering（译解）“d
18、olphin speak is also tricky because their language is so dependent on what theyredoing,whether theyre playing,fighting,or going after tasty fish.During fights,for example,dolphins clap（碰撞）their jaws to say“Back off!”But their jaws clap while playing,too,as if to show whos king of the underwaterplayg
19、round.11.How did the mother dolphin talk with her baby over the telephone?A.Two connected tanks were separated for the talk.B.A special underwater audio link was set up for the talk.C.Both the mother dolphin and the baby knew each other.D.A clear voice could be heard in the two separate tanks.12.Dol
20、phins seem to talk to each other about any of the following EXCEPT_.A.their age B.their emotional stateC.food sources D.audio link13.Why is it challenging to interpret“dolphin speak”?A.Because dolphins,language heavily relies on their actions.B.Because dolphins like to talk about their language.C.Be
21、cause playing and fighting are part of dolphins5 life.D.Because tasty fish are difficult for dolphins to catch.14.A dolphin might be saying“_ when it claps its jaws.A.Go back to your home!B.Who is playing here!C.I am the king here!D.Show me who the king is!15.When scientists describe dolphins5 commu
22、nicative skills,their tone is rather_.A.affirmative B.speculativeC.playful D.negative2007-16-20.Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage：An American company has started testing a new program aimed at increasing security.Three workers fromCityW,a company that provides security camera equipm
23、ent,have volunteered to be electronicallymonitored.They will have a silicon chip put inside their arms.The tiny device is the size of a grain of rice andwill send out radio signals.These will provide information to a central monitoring system that will give theworkers access to secure areas of the w
24、orkplace.The chips were originally designed for medical purposes.Sean Darks,CEO of City Watcher,said the chips were like identity cards.He said the only difference is thatthey are inserted inside the persons body.He added they are very different from Global Positioning Satellitetechnology,which allo
25、ws peoples location to be monitored.Mr.Darks insisted that they were not dangerous andeven decided to have a chip implanted in his own body.However,many people are worried about the issue ofprivacy.Many believe the technology could be abused and that new laws will have to be made.Mr.Darks said hiswo
26、rkers can always choose to have the chips removed.16.This passage is mainly about.A.the increasing security of U.S.companies.B.the test of a new security programC.a new central monitoring systemD.Global Positioning Satellite technology17.The three workers from City W have_.A.volunteered to provide s
27、ecurity camera equipmentB.agreed to have silicon chips planted in their brainC.offered to be monitored in the new security programD.had access to secure areas of their workplace18.Which of the following is NOT true about the silicon chips in trial?A.They are as tiny as a grain of rice.B.They will se
28、nd out radio signals.C.They function like identity cards.D They will be developed for medical uses.19.The chips are different from the Global Positioning Satellite technology in t ha t.A.they are inserted into a persons body as ID cardsB.they allow peoples location to be monitoredC.they provide info
29、rmation to a central monitoring systemD.they bring more danger to the carriers.20.Many people are worried about the silicon chips b e c a u s e.A.they are not assured of the effect of the chips.B.they cannot get the implanted chips removedC.the new laws about the technology might be abusedD.the new
30、technology may intrude on peoples privacy2007-21-25.Questions 21-25 are based on the following passage：In fall 2006,the National Basketball Association(NBA)started using basketballs made with synthetic,ormanmade material instead of leather.They made the switch because they wanted every basketball th
31、ey use to felland bounce(弹起)the same.However,some players complained right away that the new balls bounced differently and were actuallyharder to control than the leather ones.Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban asked for help from the Departmentof physics at the University of Texas,The scientists inv
32、estigated friction that affects the ability of a player to holdonto a ball.The greater the friction,the belter it will stick to his hand,explains Horwitz,one of the physicistswho worked on the project.Tests on both wet and dry ball showed that while the plastic ball was easier to grip when dry,it ha
33、d lessfriction and became much harder to hold onto when wet.Thats because sweating stays on the surface of thesynthetic ball but get absorbed into the leather ballsan important detail for sweaty athletesIn January,the NBA went back to using the traditional leather balls.They arent perfect,but for no
34、w,thatsjust the way the ball bounces.21.The NBA started using synthetic basketballs instead of leather ones b e c a u s e.A.they wanted every basketball to fell and bounce the sameB.NBA officials wanted a switch with which to start a reformC.they emphasized that synthetic materials are manmadeD.NBA
35、players had used the leather balls for too long a time22.How did some NBA players respond to the switch to synthetic balls?A.They felt much more comfortable with the synthetic balls.B.They thought differently about the leather balls.C.They felt that the new balls were worse than the leather ones.D.T
36、hey believed the new balls would soon be replaced.23.Which of the following contributes to the better control of the balls?A.Greater friction.B.More ownership.C.Stronger affection.D.Fewer investigations.24.When is it harder for an NBA player to hold onto a synthetic ball?A.When the ball is dried wit
37、h a towel.B.When the ball is wetted by water.C.When tests are done on the ball.D.When sweating sticks to the ball.25.In the last paragraph thats just the way the ball bounces probably me a n s.A.tradition offers the best choiceB.the ball bounces as best it canC.the NBA made a mistakeD.the ball bounc
38、es perfectly2006-16-20.Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage：The National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)has announced plans to return people to themoon by 2018.“And this time,”according to a NASA press release,were going to stay.”NASA wants to make a new spaceship for the mi
39、ssions using parts from the Apollo program,which first tookpeople to the moon in 1969,and the space shuttle.NASA says the new Crew Exploration Vehicle(CEV)will beaffordable,reliable,and safe.”The CEV will be able to hold four astronauts.The plan is to have the CEV dock(对接)in space with thelunar land
40、er-the vehicle astronauts will use to land on the moon-which will be launched separately into space.The CEV will then travel to the moon and all four astronauts will walk on the moon.The first moon missions are expected to last up to seven days.Exploration and construction of a moon basewill be the
41、astronauts,top priorities(最优先考虑I 的事).NASA hopes to have a minimum of two moon missions ayear starting in 2018.This will allow for quick moon base construction,constant scientific study,and training forfuture missions to Mars.16.What is new in NASAs plan to return to the moon by 2018?A.People will la
42、nd and remain on the moon.B.Equipment will be carried and installed there.C.More CEVs will be made regularly.D.A special device will be used in landing.17.How will NASA make its new spaceship?A.It will base its design on that of the Apollo program.B.It will use parts only from the Apollo program.C.I
43、t will make use of the Apollo program and the space shuttle.D.It will develop new designs and make new components.18.How will CEV and the moon lander be launched?A.They will be launched separately.B.CEV will dock with the moon Lander.C.They will be launched together.D.The moon Lander will hold four
44、astronauts.19.What will be the astronauts,top priorities?A.Entering the orbit and landing on the moon.B.Landing and walking on the moon surface.C.Exploration and researches into the moon composition.D.Exploration and construction of a moon base.20.The reason why NASA hopes to carry out at least two
45、moon missions a year starting in 2018 is to.A.ensure the moon traveling and the moon base constructionB.speed up the moon base construction and other activitiesC.guarantee the quality of the researchers?scientific studyD.set up new training laboratories for future missions to Mars200621 25.Questions
46、 21-25 are based on the following passage：At the end of the U.S.Civil War,about 4 million slaves were freed.Now,people around the world can hearsome of the former slaves stories for the first time ever,as told in their own voices.“That was in slavery says Charlie Smith in one interview.They sold the
47、 colored people.And theywere bringing them from Africa.They brought me from Africa.I was a child.”The Library of Congress released the collection of recordings,Voices from the Days of Slavery,in January.The recordings were made between 1932 and 1975.Speaking at least 60 years after their emancipatio
48、n（解放）,the storytellers discuss their experiences as slaves.They also tell about their lives as free men and women.Isom Moseley was just a boy at the time of emancipation,but he recalls that things were slow to change.4Itwas a year before the folks knowed they was free,“he says.Michael Taft,the head
49、of the librarys archive of folk culture,says the recordings reveal something thatwritten stories cannot.,If it snows,she continued,teams have to work extra hard to scrape（刮掉）the new snow off theirwork.The judges look for creativity,technical skill,and overall impact on the viewer.The winner does not
50、 receiveany money,There is no cash prize because the event began with the concept of global camaraderie（情谊）De Wall explained.Instead of focusing on money,she continued,4twinners revel（纵情）in the friendship,the art,and the hard work.”21.What does the phrase“white stuff?in the first paragraph refer to?