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1、中考英语-阅读理解精练含答案带译文Gestures are the silent language of every culture.We point a finger or move another part ofthe body to show what we want to say.lt is important to know the body language of everycountry or we may be misunderstood.In the US,people greet each other with a handshake in a formal discuss
2、ion.The handshakemust be firm.If the handshake is weak,it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness.Friends mayplace a hand on the other,s arm or shoulder.Some people,usually women,greet each otherwith a hug（拥抱）.Space is important to Americans.When two people talk to each other,they usually standabout
3、 2.5 feet away and at an anglez so they are not facing each other directl.Americans getuncomfortable when a person stands too close.They will move back to have their space.IfAmericans touch another person by accident,they sayz“Pardon me or Excuse m e.Americans like to look at the other in the eyes w
4、hen they are talking.If you don t do so,itmeans you are bored,hiding something,or are not interested.When you stare at someone,however,it is not polite.For Americans,thumbs up means yes,very good or well done”.Thumbs down meansthe opposite.To call a waiter,one might put up one hand to head level or
5、above.To showyou want the check,make a movement with your hands as you are signing a piece ofpaper.lt is all right to point at things but not at people with the hand and index finger（食指).Americans shake their index fingers at children when they scold them and pat them onthe head when they admire the
6、m.Learning a culture1 s body language is sometimes confusing(困惑的).If you dont know whatto do,the safest thing to do is to smile.(l).When you shake hands with an American,you s h ou l d.A.shake his/her hand firmlyB.put your hands on his/her shoulderC.shake his/her hand gentlyD.give him/her a hug afte
7、rward(2).In the US,people usually if you stand too close to them.A.feel friendlyB.get uncomfortableC.keep stillD.hit you angrily(3).If you talk with an American friend,it s polite to.A.stare at him/herB.look at the groundC.look at him/her in the eyesD.look here and there(4).What s the main idea of t
8、his passage?A.People greet each other by shaking hands in America.B.Every country has their own gestures.C.Learning a culture s body language is very important and necessary.D.It is all right to point at things but not at people with the hand and index finger.译 文：手势是每一种文化的 无声的语言。我们指手指或移动身体的另一部分来展示我们
9、要说的事情.了解每一个国家的肢体语言很重要，否则我们可能被误解。在美国，在正式的谈话中人们通过握手来互相打招呼。握手要坚定有力，如果握手无力，是弱者或不友好的标志。朋友可以把手放在对方的手臂或肩膀上，有些人，通常是妇女，以拥抱来打招呼。对美国人来说空间是最重要的，当两人互相交谈时，他们通常站在约2.5英尺的距离，他们不直接面对对方，当人们站得太近的时候，他们感觉不舒服，他们会退后，留出自己的空间.如果美国人不小心触摸到另一个人，他们说，对不起 或 不好意思。美国人在交谈时喜欢直视对方。如果你不这样做，那就意味着你是无聊的，隐藏了东西，或不感兴趣。然 而，你一直紧盯着别人时，也是不礼貌的。美 国
10、 人 竖 起 大 拇 指 表 示 是 的 或 者 很好 干得不错，大拇指朝下则是相反的意思。叫服务生的时候，举起一只手保持水平或者略高于头部。为了表示你想要支票结账，用手作出一个在文件上签写的样子。用手和食指指着东西是可以的，但不能用食指指着人(食指)。当美国人责骂他们孩子时，他们会摇动食指，当他们赞美他们孩子时，他们会拍拍他们的头。有时学习一种肢体语言的文化是令人困惑的，如果你不知道该做什么，要做的最安全事情就是微笑。答 案：1.A;2.B;3.C;4.C;解 析：(1)细节理解题。文章第一段介绍美国人见面时习惯于紧紧地握手。(2)第二段介绍，当一个人站得离一位美国人太近时，这位美国人会觉得
11、不舒服。(3)根 据Americans like to look at the other in the eyes when they are talking.可知。(4)主旨归纳题。文章的第一段最后一句话点明了主题。Hank Viscardi was born without legs.He hadnot legs but stumps(残肢)that couldbe fitted with a kind of special boots,People stared at him with cruel interest.Children laughed at him and called h
12、im Ape Man(猿人)because his armspractically dragged on the ground.Hank went to school like other boys.His grades were good and he needed only eightyears to finish his schooling instead of the usual twelve.After graduating from school,he worked his way through college(靠做工读完大学).He swept floors,waited on
13、table,or worked in one of the college offices.During all this busy life,he had beenmoving around on his stumps.But one day the doctor told him even the stumpswere not going to last much longer.He would soon have to use a wheel chair.Hank felt himself get cold all over.However,the doctor said there w
14、as a chance thathe could be fitted with artificial legs(O).Finally a leg maker was found and theday came when Hank stood up before the mirror.For the first time he saw himself ashe has always wanted to bea full five feet eight inches tall.By this time he wasalready 26 years old.Hank had to learn to
15、use his new legs.Again and again he marched the length of theroom,and marched back again.There were times when he fell down on the floor,but he pulled himself up and went back to the endless marching.He went out on thestreet.He climbed stairs and learned to dance.He built a boat and learned to sail
16、it.When World War II came,he talked the Red Cross into giving him a job.He took theregular training.He marched and drilled along with the other soldiers.Few knewthat he was legless.This was the true story of Hank Viscardi,a man without legs.1.Children laughed at Hank and called him Ape Man becauseA.
17、he didnt talk to themB.he kept away from themC.his arms touched the ground when he movedD.he couldnt use his arms2.It can be inferred from the story that five feet eight inches tall isA.an average height for a fully grown personB.too tall for an average personC.too short for an average personD.none
18、of the above3.When Hank marched and drilled along with the other soldiers,heA.did everything the other soldiers didB.did nothing the other soldiers didC.did some of the things the other soldiers didD.took some special training4.The writer suggests that Hank ViscardiA.had no friendsB.never saw himsel
19、f as different from othersC.was very shyD.was too proud to accept help from others短 文 翻 译（由 郑老师提供）：汉 克维 斯 卡 迪 生 来 就 没 有 腿。他 不 是 没 有 腿，而是只有一双适合穿特殊靴子的残 肢，人 们 用 残 忍 的 目 光 看 他，孩 子 们 嘲 笑 他，称 他 为 猿 人 ，因为他的胳膊几乎 拖 在 地 上。汉 克 和 其 他 男 孩 一 样 上 学，他 的 成 绩 很 好，他 只 需 要8年 就 完 成 学 业，而不是通常 的12年。从 学 校 毕 业 后，又 看 靠 做 工 读
20、 完 大 学。他 在 餐 馆 里 扫 地，做 服 务 员,或 者 在 大 学 的 办 公 室 里 工 作，在 他 忙 碌 的 一 生 中，他 一 直 在 用 这 双 残 肢 走 动。但有 一 天，医 生 告 诉 他，即 使 是 残 肢 也 不 会 持 续 太 久，他 很 快 就 得 用 轮 椅 了，听到这，汉 克 觉 得 全 身 都 凉 了。不 过，医 生 说，他 能 安 装 假 腿。终于找到了一个造腿的 人。这 一 天 实 现 了，汉 克 站 在 镜 子 前，第 一 次 看 到 了 他 一 直 想 要 的 自 己-个 足 足5英 尺8英 寸 高 的 人，然 而 这 时 他 已 经26岁 了。
21、汉 克 必 须 学 会 使 用 他 的 新 腿，他 一 次 又 一 次 地 走 到 房 间 的 尽 头，又一次一次地走回 来。有 几 次 他 摔 倒 在 地，但 他 重 新 起 来，又 回 到 了 无 尽 的 行 进 中。他 走 到 街 上，他 爬 楼 梯 学 跳 舞，他 造 了 一 艘 船 并 学 会 了 驾 驶 它。第 二 次 世 界 大 战 爆 发 时，他 说 服 红 十 字 会 给 他 一 份 工 作，他 接 受 了 常 规 训 练。他和 其 他 士 兵 一 起 行 军 和 操 练，很 少 有 人 知 道 他 没 有 腿。这 是汉克维斯卡迪的真实故 事，一 个 没 有 腿 的 人。参
22、考 答 案：CAAB试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文，叙述了身残志不残的Hank的事迹。身为一名残疾人的Hank,凭借自己的毅力做到了与正常人一样工作学习和生活，具有很强的教育意义。1.C 细节理解题。从第一段最后一句话Children laughed at him and called himApe Man（猿人）because his arms practically dragged on the ground.“可知 C 为正确选项。drag在此意思为“拖在地上2.A推理判断题。从文章可知Hank因为残疾从小接受到人们好奇的目光和孩子们的嘲笑，所以内心应该是一直渴望像个正常人一样，而且文章第三
23、段Forthefirst time he saw himself as he has always wanted to bea full five feet eight inchestall.也证实了这点，所以A 为正确答案。3.A 推理判断题。从文章最后一段He took the regular training.He marched anddrilled along with the other soldiers.Few knew that he was legless.”可知他应该是和别人做一样的事情，所以正确选项是A4.B推理判断题。从整篇文章的叙述可知Hank和别人一样学习工作甚至在
24、部队行军操练，从来没把自己看做一个不同于别人的人，而且其余三个选项文章中没有涉及，所以正确选项是B。考 点：考查人物类短文阅读。The clock struck（敲）eight,but I was still on the bed.I could hear it was blowingstrongly.It must be windy outside,I thought.I came to the small town a week ago.I sold some clothes to a shop.Christmas wascoming and I hoped to buy some pre
25、sents for my family and friends.So I tried tomeet the manager and ask him to pay for them.I was out of luck（运气不好）.Hewent to London and I had to wait for him here.There was no theatre here but acinema.The films were all too old.I preferred staying in the small hotel to sitting inthe cold cinema.Half
26、an hour later,I felt hungry.I had to get up.It was white everywhere and somechildren were skiing down the hill.On my way to the small restaurant,I saw a boyfall on to a rock（岩石）.I ran to him quickly and carried him to a hospital.Soon hisparents came here.Now I knew the boy was just the managers son.
27、He thanked mevery much and gave me the money after we had a dinner.1）What was the weather like today?2）What did the writer（作者）come to the town for?3）Why did the writer prefer staying in the hotel?4）When did the writer get up?5）Why did the manager thank the writer?参考答案：1)It was a windy day today.2)He
28、 came to the town to ask the manager to pay for the clothes.3)Because it was a little warmer there.4)He got up at half past eight.5)Because the writer saved his son.Nearly all American students in colleges and universities pay for their education.There aremany expenses.First of all,there is tuition(
29、学费).At some schools,the tuition is very high,ten thousand dollars a year or more.At other schools,it may only be a few hundred dollars ayear.At some community(社区)colleges,tuition is free.There are other expenses as well.Many students leave their homes to go to schools in other cities.They may live i
30、ndormitories or apartments(flats),and they must pay for it.Finally,students must buytextbooks for their courses.Some families start saving money for their childrens educationwhen the children are small.Many students work to save money for tuition.They can alsoget loans(贷款)from the government.They pa
31、y the money back to the government whenthey finish their education.阅读短文，回答问题或完成答句，每题词数不超过5个1.Which students pay for their education?in colleges and universities pay for their education.2.How much is the higher tuition?It is or more.3.Are there any free tuition colleges?4.Why do many students live in
32、 dormitories or apartments?Because they.5.What must students buy finally?They must.6.When do many students pay back their loans from the government?They pay them back.【文章大意】几乎所有的美国大学生都要支付教育费用。首先是学费。有些学校的学费很贵，高达一万美元一年甚至更多。还有其它的费用，如住宿费。最后还有教材费。有些家庭在孩子还小的时候就开始积攒教育经费，很多学生通过工作来挣钱支付学费，他们也可以向政府借贷，毕业后再还。参考答案：1.Nearly all American students2.ten thousand dollars a year3.Yes,there are some4.study in other cities/leave their homes to study/study away from their homes/dont study near their homes5.buy textbooks for their courses6.when they finish their education