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1、2011级延安大学化工学院化工11英语第一学期期末考试化 工 11 班委Part I(listen)Part 11 Reading Comprehension(30%)Directions:There are four passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A)t B),C)andD).You should decide on the best choice an
2、d mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneScience is not a set of unquestionable results but a way of understanding the world around us.Its real work is slow.The scientific method,as many of us learned in school,is a gradual processthat begin
3、s with a purpose or problem or question to be answered.It includes a list of materials,aprocedure to follow,a set of observations to make and,finally,conclusions to reach.In medicine,when a new drug is proposed that might cure or control a disease,it is first tested on a largerandom group of people,
4、and their reactions are then compared with those of another randomgroup not given the drug.All reactions in both groups are carefully recorded and compared,andthe drug is evaluated.All of this takes time and patience.Its the result of course,that makes the best newsnot the years of quiet work thatch
5、aracterize the bulk of scientific inquiry.After an experiment is concluded or an observation ismade,the result continues to be examined critically.When it is submitted for publication,it goesto a group of the scientists colleagues,who review the work.Einstein was right when he said:“No amount of exp
6、erimentation can ever prove me right,a single experiment can at any timeprove me wrong.In August 1996,NASA announced the discovery in Antarctica of a meteorite(流 星)fromMars that might contain evidence of ancient life on another world.As President Clinton said thatday,the possibility that life existe
7、d on Mars billions of years ago was potentially one of the greatdiscoveries of our time.After the excitement wore down and initial papers were published,other researchers beganlooking at samples from the same meteorite.Some concluded that the“evidence of life”wasmostly contamination from Antarctic i
8、ce or that there was nothing organic at all in the rock.Was this a failure of science,as some news reports trumpeted?No!It was a good example of the scientific method working the way it is supposed to.Scientists spend years on research,announce their findings,and these findings are examined byother
9、scientists.Thats how we learn.Like climbing a mountain,we struggle up three feet and fallback two.Its a process filled with disappointments and reverses,but somehow we keep movingahead.21.The authors main purpose in writing this passage is to state that.A)most scientific discoveries are not reliable
10、B)mass media is misleading because it looks at the research results onlyC)scientific research is a process filled with reverses and requires slow and patientworkD)repeated experiments are necessary before medicine can be used in patients22.Publication of a scientific finding s i gni f i e s.A)a chal
11、lenge to fellow scientists to prove it wrongB)the end of a processC)the beginning of a new scientific inquiryD)the soundness of the result23.Einsteins words are used to show that he t hought.A)experiments have proved him rightB)scientists do not need so many experimentsC)one experiment is not enough
12、 to prove him wrong.D)scientific ideas are never free from challenge24.NASAs announcement of the discovery of evidence of ancient life on Mars shows.A)the way human beings leam about natureB)the failure of the scientific methodC)the fruitlessness of human search for life on another worldD)the excite
13、ment brought by scientific findings25.It can be inferred from the passage that the media is interested in.A)the process of scientific researchB)the results of scientific researchC)the scientists who do the researchD)the effects of scientific research on human lifePassage TwoNormally a student must a
14、ttend a certain number of courses in order to graduate,and eachcourse which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree.In manyAmerican universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for onesemester.A typical course consists of three classe
15、s per week for fifteen weeks;while attending auniversity a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester.Normally astudent would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year.It is possible to spreadthe period of work for the degree over a longer period.It is a
16、lso possible for a student to movebetween one university and another during his degree course,though this is not in fact done as aregular practice.For every course that he follows a student is given a grade,which is recorded,and the recordis available for the student to show to prospective employers
17、.All this imposes a constant pressureand strain of work,but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in studentaffairs.Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm.The effectivework of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advi
18、se the academicauthorities.Any student who is thought to have broken the rules,for example,by cheating has toappear before a student court.With the enormous numbers of students,the operation of the systemdoes involve a certain amount of activity.A student who has held one of these positions ofauthor
19、ity is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.26.Normally a student would at least attend classes each week.A)36B)12C)20D)1527.According to the first paragraph an American student is a l l o we d.A)to live in a different universityB)to take a particular course in a diffe
20、rent universityC)to live at home and drive to classesD)to get two degrees from two different universities28.American university students are usually under pressure of work b e c a u s e.A)their academic performance will affect their future careersB)they are heavily involved in student affairsC)they
21、have to observe university disciplineD)they want to run for positions of authority29.Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probablyb e c a u s e.A)they hate the constant pressure and strain of their studyB)they will then be able to stay longer in the universityC)such
22、positions help them get better jobsD)such positions are usually well paid30.The student organizations seem to be effective in.A)dealing with the academic affairs of the universityB)ensuring that the students observe university regulationsC)evaluating students performance by bringing them before a co
23、urtD)keeping up the students,enthusiasm for social activitiesPassage ThreeDoreen Sykora is now a junior at Mcgill University.She had a difficult time when she firstbegan college.She said,I was always well prepared for my examinations.But I would go in toclass to take the exam,and I would fall apart.
24、I could not answer the questions correctly-eventhough I knew the answers!I would just blank out because of nervousness and fear.HitoshiSakamoto,an anthropology student at Temple University in Tokyo reports similar experiences.These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety.B
25、ecause astudent worries and is stressed about a test,his or her mind does not work as well as it usuallydoes.The student cannot write or think clearly because of the severe tension and nervousness.Now there are special university courses to help students.In these courses,advisors andpsychologists tr
26、y to help students by teaching them to manage test anxiety.Such a course helpsstudents learn to live with stress and not fail because of it.First students take a practice test tomeasure their worry level.If the tests show that their stress level is high,the students can take ashort course to manage
27、the fear.These courses teach students how to relax their bodies.They gettraining to become calm in very tense situations.By controlling their nervousness,they can lettheir minds work more easily.Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.Doreen Sykora saw immediate results after
28、 taking such a course.She now has enthusiasmabout the relaxation methods.Mostly,what I do is imagine myself in a very calm place.Then Iimagine myself picking up a pencil.I move slowly and carefully.I breathe easily and let all thetension out.With each breath,more worry leaves me.It really works too.
29、My grades haveimproved greatly!Im really doing well at McGill now.This relaxation method works not only onexaminations,but it has improved the rest of my life as well.”For Hitoshi in Tokyo,the results were much the same.He is enjoying school a lot more andlearning more.31.Doreen Sykora and Hitoshi S
30、akamoto were filled with nervousness and fear duringexaminations because they were.A)not ready and unaware of the answersB)physically so weak that they fell apartC)subject to test anxietyD)unable to write or think clearly32.The higher the students worry level is,.A)the less calm and relaxing they ar
31、eB)the more difficult they will be trained to manage fearC)the more stressed and tense they areD)the longer courses they will take to manage fear33.Whats the purpose of some special university student-help courses?A)To help students to reduce test anxiety.B)To show a stress level experienced by stud
32、ents.C)To learn more knowledge about test anxiety.D)To have a better understanding of test anxiety.34.Whats the meaning of“blank out“in paragraph one?A)To be like a blanket.B)To be sure of an answer.C)To be relaxed.D)To be unable to think clearly.35.Which of the following best sums up the organizati
33、on of the passage?A)Examples theories ideas.B)Problem-一 strategy-examples-一 results.C)General statement examples result.D)Strategy-experiment-examples.Part III Vocabulary and Structure(15%)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are fourchoices marked A)t B)
34、,C)and D).Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe center.36.The president made a speech at the opening ceremony of the sports meeting,whichencouraged the sportsmen greatly.A)vigorous C)flatB)tedious D)harsh3
35、7.It is not easy to learn English well but if you,you will succeed in the end.A)hang up C)hang onB)hang about D)hang onto38.Remember that customers donl about prices in that city.A)debate C)disputeB)bargain D)consult39.The newcomers found it impossible to themselves to the climate sufficiently to ma
36、kepermanent homes in the new country.A)suit C)regulateB)adapt D)coordinate40.A to this problem is expected to be found before long.A)result C)settlementB)function D)solution41.You have nothing to by refusing to listen to our advice.A)gain C)seizeB)grasp D)earn42.One day I a newspaper article about t
37、he retirement of an English professor at anearby state college.A)came across C)came afterB)came about D)came at43.A peculiarly pointed chin is his memorable f aci al.A)mark C)traceB)feature D)appearance44.1 hope that youll be more careful in typing the letter.Dont anything.A)omit C)lackB)leak D)with
38、draw45.Our new house is very for me as I can get to the office in five minutes.A)adaptable C)availableB)convenient D)comfortable46.Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were d e e p l y.A)appreciated C)appealedB)approved D)applied47.The sale usually takes place outside the house,with the a
39、udience on benches,chairsor boxes.A)having seated C)seatedB)seating D)having been seated48.He is about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.A)optimistic C)outstandingB)optional D)obvious49.The clothes a person wears may express hisA)curiosityB)statusor social position.C)dete
40、rminationD)significance50.I dont know the word.I had toA)throw upB)make outa dictionary.C)refer toD)take over51.Look at these beautiful Japanese stamps.Roger gave them to me in for two sets of 1988British special issue.A)exchangeB)changeC)shiftD)switch52.It is rather that the research team as a whol
41、e still has little idea about the cause of thatfatal disease.A)rewarding C)embanassingB)demanding D)requiring53.The people of African interior began to gold in exchange for the goods they neededfrom abroad.A)desire C)offerB)afford D)receive54.We should not blame her for what happened yesterday,becau
42、se that was outside her ofresponsibility.A)field C)extentB)limit D)range55.The students put forward some suggestions consideration.A)worthless C)worthB)worthy D)worthy of56.The author of the report is well with the problem in the hospital because he has beenworking there for many years.A)acquainted
43、C)enlightenedB)informed D)advised57.After years of hard work,he finally gained to the university which he longed for manyyears.A)access C)opportunityB)commitment D)reward58.you have passed the driving test successfully,you can drive on your own.A)By now C)Now thenB)Now and again D)Now that59.Within
44、first seven seconds of meeting,people will form their opinion about others throughunspoken communication l i ke,postures and attitudes.A)signs C)symptomsB)gestures D)symbols60.It had never to me that our football team won the game.A)struck C)hitB)occurred D)meant61.The students in cleaning the class
45、room according to the arrangement.A)alternate C)adoptB)adapt D)admit62.Have you any plans about how to deal with these difficulties?We need to bepractical-minded.A)abstract C)concreteB)consistent D)contrary63.The professor was afraid that unless the train speeded up he would miss his to NewYork.7-13
46、A)junctionB)connectionC)seatD)carriage64.When writing about controversial topics,some authors try to b e without favoringeither side.A)reflective C)impressiveB)persuasive D)objective65.Many factors such as too much stress,bad living habits can lead to poor and ill health.A)experience C)performanceB)
47、appearance D)competencePart IV Cloze(10%)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choicesmarked A),B),C)and D).You should choose the ONE answer that best fits into thepassage.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough
48、 the center.Language is a signaling system which operates withsymbolic vocal sounds(语声)，and which is used by agroup of people for the purpose of communication.Lets look at this 66 in more detail,because it66.A)recognitionC)classificationB)functionD)definitionis language,morethan anything else,67_67.
49、A)itC)asB)thatD)whatdistinguishes man from the rest of the 68_world.68.A)nativeC)humanB)animalD)physicalOther animals,it is true,communicate with oneanother by 69_ of cries:for example,many birds69.A)waysC)meansB)methodsD)approachesutter(发 声)70_ _calls at the approach of danger;70.A)datingC)warningB
50、)excitingD)boringmonkeys utter 71_ _ cries,such as expressions of71.A)identicalC)similarB)differentD)unfamiliaranger,fear and pleasure.72_these various means of72.A)ButC)AfterwardsB)ThereforeD)Furthermorecommunication differ in important wavs 73 human73.A)fromB)aboutC)withD)inlanguage.For instance,a